Adult respiratory distress syndrome associated withMycoplasma pneumoniae infection

A 13-year-old boy is described who developed severe adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), biochemical pancreatitis and skin vasculitis after an acute respiratory infection due toMycoplasma pneumoniae. The boy was mechanically ventilated for 17 days, but could be discharged in good clinical condition after 36 days of hospitalization. However, major disturbances of the lung function tests persisted, suggesting interstitial fibrosis. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of ARDS afterM. pneumoniae infection in childhood.     

成人急性白血病医院感染危险因素及对策

目的：为了进一步研究导致成人急性白血病患者发生医院感染的危险因素,从而为临床实践提供借鉴和参考。方法：本文以本院2011年12月-2013年1月期间入院治疗的466例成人急性白血病患者为研究对象,针对患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果：本次调查的成人急性白血病医院感染发生率为30.04%;大于或等于60岁患者的感染率（47.22%）显著地高于小于60岁的患者（15.20%）;实施化疗患者的感染率（33.59%）显著地高于未实施化疗的患者（10.00%）;住院时间大于30 d患者的感染率（51.65%）显著地高于住院时间小于15 d（6.12%）和15~30 d（31.41%）的患者,差异均具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：患者的年龄、实施化疗情况、住院时间是导致急性白血病医院感染的危险因素。     

正常成人不同年龄组眼震电图的观察与定量分析

目的　定量分析正常成人眼震电图 (ENG)的特点及其与年龄、性别的关系 ,旨在为临床诊断提供可靠依据。方法　 1 80名 2 0～ 79岁正常成人 ,其中男 88名 ,女 92名 ,按年龄分成 6组 ,每 1 0年一个年龄组 ,每组 30名。进行ENG系列试验 ,包括扫视试验、平稳跟踪试验、视动试验、水平凝视试验、自发眼震试验及摇头试验。结果　扫视试验中的延迟时间、跟踪试验中的增益值、失真度及视动试验中的增益值等主要参数 ,各年龄组有明显的不同 (P <0 0 5)。随着年龄的增加 ,延迟时间呈逐渐延长趋势 [由 (1 80 55± 2 2 39)ms增至 (2 1 3 58± 31 30 )ms,r =0 33] ;跟踪试验的增益值逐渐减小(r=- 0 37) ,失真度逐渐加大 (r=0 41 ) ;视动试验的增益值也呈下降趋势 (r =- 0 42 )。但不受性别影响 (P >0 2 )。所有个体在水平凝视、自发及摇头眼震试验中均未见眼震。结论　扫视、跟踪及视动试验的主要参数受年龄影响 ,与性别无关。针对不同年龄组的患者 ,应选择相应的诊断标准     

3省农村居民健康知识现状及影响因素研究

目的了解农村居民健康知识现状及其影响因素,并探索提高居民健康知识的思路和方法。方法采用单纯随机抽样方法,以自行设计的自填式问卷为调查工具,对四川、甘肃、陕西3省项目村648名农村居民进行问卷调查。调查内容包括:居民基本情况、健康知识知晓情况和健康教育干预活动参与情况。结果 6道健康知识题均回答正确的居民为243人(37.5%),均回答错误者为19人(2.9%)。女性居民健康知识高得分组者是男性居民的2.161倍,参加讲座、同伴教育、获得宣传材料居民的健康知识高得分组者,分别是没有参加相应健康教育干预活动的2.720、2.147和2.159倍(P<0.01)。结论农村居民健康知识水平有待进一步提高,举办讲座、开展同伴教育、发放宣传材料是有助于居民健康知识水平提高的健康教育干预活动。     

成人依恋量表(AAS-1996修订版)在中国的信度和效度

目的评价成人依恋量表(AAS-1996修订版)在中国应用的信度和效度。方法取病例组样本与正常对照样本进行量表评定。病例组89人,正常组110人。结果Cronbach α系数亲近、焦虑两个分量表均在0．7以上,依赖为0．6202。区分效度焦虑和亲近依赖均有良好的区分效度。因素分析表明结构效度较好,各条目在各自分量表上的载荷均较高。结论总体来看,结果支持AAS量表将成人依恋分为三个因子的理论构想。但由于文化差异,AAS在中国的应用还需要修改个别条目。     

Cancer Incidence among a Cohort of Female Farm Residents in New York State

A retrospective cohort study of cancer incidence among 6,310 female farm residents who were New York Farm Bureau members, or members' spouses or relatives, was conducted from 1980 through 1993. Similar to the previous findings for New York State male farmers, the female farm resident cohort experienced significantly lower cancer rates for all cancers combined, and for lung cancer, compared with rural nonfarm female residents. In addition, significantly low rates for colorectal cancer and ovarian cancer were found among the female cohort members. Nonsignificant excesses were found for thyroid and liver cancers. The findings suggest that female farm residents in this cohort might have experienced some of the same cancer-protective factors as male farmers.     

影响住院医师规范化培训开展的因素分析

目的 探讨影响住院医师规范化培训开展的相关因素。方法 本文选取解放军总参谋部总医院住院医师规范化培训的相关数据,以到位率为参考,研究影响培训开展的因素。结果 通过回顾性统计分析,发现培训时间、院方政策、外请专家等与培训的到位率有关。结论 住院医师规范化培训的培训时间、院方政策、外请专家等对顺利开展培训、提高培训质量有潜在的影响。     

基于社区流调数据探讨脑梗死发病的相关影响因素及健康教育策略

目的了解北京市某社区居民脑梗死（Cerebral Infarction,CI）发病的影响因素,为预防和控制CI的发生提供科学依据,为健康教育策略的制定提供现实依据。方法采用1：1配对病例对照研究方法,在北京市某社区有档案记录的CI首发病人80例作为病例组,配对选取同期居住的非脑血管病居民80例作为对照组,调查既往病史、家族史、环境因素等流行病学方面的资料。采用SPSS15．0软件对CI发病的相关因素进行分析。结果多因素Logistic回归分析显示经常运动（OR=0．39,95％CI：0．17—0．92,P=0．031）和高文化程度（OR=0．31,95％CI：0．14-0.69,P=0.004）为CI保护性因素;既往有高血压（OR=3．42,95％CI：1．40-8．31,P=0．007）、高血糖（OR=2．81,95％CI：1．22～6．50,P=0．016）病史为CI危险因素。结论北京市某社区居民脑梗死的危险因素主要为既往有高血压和高血糖,高文化程度和经常运动为保护因素,应实行个性化健康教育指导。     

冠心病疾病负担 —— 中国出路

  目的  了解河南省新乡县成年农村居民冠心病流行现状及其影响因素,为冠心病的预防控制提供参考依据。  方法  于2017年4 — 6月采用随机整群抽样方法在河南省新乡县抽取17个村的10 267名 ≥ 18岁农村居民进行问卷调查、体格检查和实验室检测。  结果  河南省新乡县10 267名成年农村居民中,患冠心病者892例,冠心病患病率为8.69 %,标化患病率为6.65 %;多因素非条件logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄 ≥ 50岁、离异或分居、已戒烟、已戒酒及有高血压、糖尿病、脑卒中和中心性肥胖是新乡县成年农村居民冠心病患病的危险因素,现饮酒是新乡县成年农村居民冠心病患病的保护因素。  结论  河南省新乡县成年农村居民冠心病患病率较高,年龄、婚姻状况、是否中心性肥胖、有无吸烟史、有无饮酒史、有无高血压、有无糖尿病和有无脑卒中是新乡县成年农村居民冠心病患病的影响因素。     

Paraffin-immunohistochemical Analysis of 26 Non-Hodgkin's Malignant Lymphomas n the Endemic Area of Human T-cell Leukemia Virus Type 1

A study was conducted to evaluate the usefulness of paraffin immunohistochemistry for histopathological classification of non Hodgkin's malignant lymphomas (NHML). The phenotypes of lymphoma cells and other cells were examined using 11 monoclonal and 3 polyclonal antibodies by the ABC method on paraffin-embedded tissue sections of 226 cases of NHML, comprising 94 B cell lymphomas (B ML) and 132 T cell lymphomas (T-ML). In 219 NHML cases (96.8%), lymphoma cells reacted with more than one of these antibodies. A set of MB 1, Mx pan B, L26, LN 1, LN 2 and antiimmunoglobulin light chain antibodies characterized each subtype of B MLs, categorized according to the Kiel classification. Mantle-zone lymphoma (MzML) was added as one subtype. L26 stained the largest number of B MLs (82.8%). B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B CLL) was labeled most frequently by MB 1. MzML was characterized by reactivity of lymphoma cells with LN 2 and by the appearance of monoclonal immunoglobulin light chain along the cell membrane. Follicle center cell lymphomas were stained by LN 1 and LN 2, although a small number of proliferating cells were labeled by LN 1 in B CLL, MzML and the im-munocytoma lymphoplasmacytic/cytoid variant. MT 1 and/or UCHL-1 showed various degrees of reactivity with the cell membranes of lymphoma cells in 94.8% of T-MLs. Among the T cell pleomorphic lymphomas of Suchi and Lennert, the adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma type, defined by stippled heterochromatin distribution and peculiar huge cells, reacted selectively (p<0.05) with anti phospho-kinase C antibody. Anaplastic large cell T-ML reacted with a set of Ber H2, LN 2 and Leu Ml. In T zone lymphomas without hyperplastic follicles, angioimmuno-blastic lymphadenopathy with dysproteinemia type T-ML, lymphoepithelioid cell lymphomas and some pleomorphic lymphomas comprising clear large lymphoma cells, there were many intermingling B cells, and their constitution varied. In some lymphoblastic lymphomas of both the T cell and B cell type, phenotypes of T cells and B cells were expressed. Consequently, it was shown that paraffin immunohistochemistry was useful for the practical histopathological diagnosis of NHML even in the area where human T cell leukemia virus type 1 is endemic.