Adult height of three renal transplant patients after growth hormone therapy

Three girls with normal growth hormone secretion had received renal transplantation when aged 2 to 6 years. They had had severely retarded growth (SD for height score was −7.4 to −3.7) at the time of transplantation. After renal transplantation, steroid was withdrawn and they were treated with recombinant human growth hormone; they subsequently reached adult heights of 145 to 156 cm. The SD for adult height score was −2.6 to −0.3. The adult height in two patients was over their target height, calculated using the mean of the parents’ height. This report shows the efficacy of steroid withdrawal and recombinant human growth hormone therapy in achieving adult height in these three girls after renal transplantation.     

成人回肠重复畸形的诊治体会

目的探讨成人回肠重复畸形的临床诊断和治疗方法。方法收集1996年2月至2010年12月,我院收治的6例回肠重复畸形患者的临床资料,并结合相关文献对该病的诊治方法进行分析与讨论。结果 本组6例回肠重复畸形患者均为男性,临床表现主要为消化道出血、腹痛、肠梗阻和腹部包块。其中5例行胃镜、结肠镜及腹部CT检查,3例行肠系膜动脉造影检查,均未提示消化道重复畸形;4例行99 Tcm放射性核素显像检查,其中2例提示消化道出血;3例行双气囊小肠镜检查,1例发现双回肠畸形。术前均未明确诊断,仅1例考虑回肠重复畸形可能。6例均行手术治疗,术中发现距回盲部11～100cm范围内有长度为6～25cm的重复肠管。术后病理检查证实均为回肠重复畸形,其中2例见胃黏膜异位,2例见肠腔内憩室,1例并发异位胰腺,1例伴回盲部炎性纤维性假瘤。6例患者术后均恢复良好。结论成人回肠重复畸形极为少见,临床无特异表现,目前暂无敏感性及特异性高的辅助检查,双气囊小肠镜及99 Tcm放射性核素显像有一定提示意义。术前一般很难作出明确诊断。剖腹探查时应考虑到该病的可能,一旦发现,建议手术切除。     

南京地区国人股骨头头颈直径比例的影像学测量

目的 通过X线片确定南京地区国人股骨头头颈直径比例的正常值.方法 选择468例无髋部症状的生活在南京及周边地区的成年中国人,男313名,女155名;年龄17～82岁,其中≤20岁13名,21～30岁88名,31～40岁123名,41～50岁104名,51～60岁102名,61～70岁24名,≥71岁14名,平均年龄42.4岁.摄标准骨盆正位X线片,应用Digimizer软件测量左、右侧股骨头最大直径与股骨颈最小纵径,并分别计算比值.将计算结果与西方人数据进行比较.结果 股骨头头颈直径比例1.33～1.69,平均1.48±0.09.≤20岁者1.46±0.09,21～30岁者1.48±0.09,31～40岁者1.47±0.10,41～50岁者1.46±0.09,51～60岁者1.49±0.10,61～70岁者1.48±0.08,≥71岁者1.49±0.10.不同性别、侧别及年龄组间差异均无统计学意义.南京地区国人股骨头头颈直径比例(左侧、右侧分别为1.48±0.09、1.48±0.10)与欧洲人数据(左侧、右侧分别为1.43±0.09、1.44±0.09)比较差异有统计学意义(P值均＜0.05).结论 南京地区国人股骨头头颈直径比例不存在性别、年龄及侧别差异.国人数据与欧洲人不同与种族的解剖差异有关.正常人群的股骨头头颈直径比例可能对某些髋关节疾病的诊断与治疗具有一定的参考意义.

Abstract：

Objective To measure the femoral head-neck ratio among Chinese adults in Nanjing to explore its clinical significance. Methods 468 Chinese without hip symptoms were chosen randomly. There were 313 males and 155 females. 13 cases were less than 20 years old, 88 cases were from 21 to 30 years old, 123 cases were from 31 to 40 years old, 104 cases were from 41 to 50 years old, 102 cases were from 51 to 60 years old, 24 cases were from 61 to 70 years old, 14 cases were more than 71 years old. The mean age was 42.4 years old (ranged from 17 to 82 years old). The maximum diameter of the femoral head and the minimum vertical diameter of femoral neck length on both sides were measured by Digimizer software in the standard anteroposterior pelvis film. The femoral head-neck ratio (FHNR) was calculated and compared with that of the western. Results The normal FHNR of Chinese in Nanjing was 1.48 ± 0.09 (1.33-1.69). FHNR was 1.46±0.09 in Chinese aged less than 20 years old. It was 1.48±0.09 in Chinese aged from 21 to 30 years, and 1.47±0.10 in those aged 31-40 years, 1.46±0.09 in 41-50 years, 1.49±0.10 in 51-60 years,1.48±0.08 in 61-70 years, 1.49±0.10 in those more than 71 years. There was no difference between male and female, the left and right side or the different age groups. There was no difference between the western and Chinese in Nanjing. Conclusion FHNR measurement has not variation with regard to sex, age and side. It may be useful to understand some kind of the hip diseases.     

Liver Transplantation for Cystic Fibrosis in Adults

Purpose To expand our knowledge on liver transplantation for cirrhosis associated with cystic fibrosis in adults. Methods Five patients who underwent a liver transplantation due to cystic fibrosis were reviewed. The outcome of the patients in terms of age, immunosuppression regimen, patient and graft survival, and pre- and post-transplant complications were investigated. Results Five adult liver transplant patients had cystic fibrosis (0.2%). These included 4 men and 1 woman with a mean age of 31 ± 10, ranging from 22 to 52 years old at the time of transplantation. All patients had lung problems. Four patients had exocrine and two had endocrine pancreatic insufficiency. Two are currently alive with a follow-up of 5.8 years and 4 months after transplantation, respectively. There were three deaths from pulmonary embolism at 4.5 years, myocardial infarction with cyclosporine nephrotoxicity at 10.7 years, and lymphoproliferative disorder at 5 months after transplantation. No deaths occurred from lung infection. Only one patient had postoperative pulmonary infectious complications, which were successfully treated with antibiotics and did not result in mortality. Conclusion Adult liver transplantation for end-stage liver disease associated with cystic fibrosis offers encouraging results with a rapid general improvement after surgery and it is now considered to be a safe and acceptable treatment for this disease population.     

成年人小腿外旋畸形的外科治疗

目的探讨成年人小腿外旋畸形的成因、手术方法和治疗效果。方法回顾性分析138例144条腿,平均年龄29.3岁。小儿麻痹后遗症116例,其它原因22例,其中130例合并髋、膝关节和踝足关节的多种畸形209个。术前小腿外旋平均43°,手术先截断腓骨,在胫骨结节下杵臼形截骨,远端内旋至中立位,测量棘、髌、踝力线正常,合并膝内翻、轻度屈膝和膝反屈畸形者同时矫正,截骨端以外固定器或钢针交叉加石膏外固定。结果术后随访平均14个月,128例小腿外旋畸形完全矫正,10例部分矫正。结论小腿外旋是渐进发生的常见畸形,胫骨结节下内旋截骨是简单有效的手术方法,合并髋、膝、踝关节畸形者尽可能同期手术矫正,恢复下肢的持重力线。     

七氟醚用于成人全身吸入麻醉的随机、开放、多中心、阳性对照临床研究

目的评估七氟醚和异氟醚全身麻醉后的苏醒时间及其安全性。方法前瞻性、开放、随机、多中心、异氟醚平行对照临床研究,222例手术时需要全身麻醉、气管插管、预计手术持续时间在2～3h之间的成年择期手术患者,按1:1随机入组接受七氟醚或异氟醚吸入麻醉。评估苏醒时间、拔管时间、改良Aldrete评分达到9分时间、苏醒时间和麻醉药用量之间的关系。根据生命体征、记录的不良事件评价其安全性。结果222例患者中220例完成全部研究过程,其中七氟醚组111例,异氟醚组109例。与异氟醚组相比,七氟醚组苏醒时间缩短5.4min、改良Aldrete评分达到9分时间缩短8.4min、拔管时间缩短4.6min(P<0.01)。两组苏醒时间与麻醉药用量之间均具有相关性,即麻醉药用量越大苏醒时间越长。七氟醚组发生的不良事件均为轻度或中度,且不良事件类型和发生率与异氟醚组相似。结论七氟醚全麻恢复效果优于异氟醚,且安全性和耐受性良好。     

不对称经椎弓根截骨矫治成人先天性脊柱侧后凸畸形

【摘要】 目的：分析应用不对称经椎弓根截骨技术矫治成人先天性脊柱侧后凸畸形的临床疗效。方法：2009年9月~2013年10月采用不对称经椎弓根截骨矫治成人先天性脊柱侧后凸畸形患者16例,男9例,女7例。年龄18～42岁,平均23.6岁。均有腰背痛,无神经受压症状。16例患者脊柱侧凸Cobb角43°~97°,后凸Cobb角15°~70°。侧凸畸形和后凸畸形顶椎均位于同一节段,其中顶椎位于胸椎10例、腰椎6例。于术前、术后及末次随访时在X线片上测量脊柱冠状面主弯Cobb角、矢状面后凸角、冠状面平衡及矢状面平衡,比较术前、术后及末次随访时影像学参数评估手术矫形效果。于术前、末次随访时填写SRS-22问卷量表,评估患者术后的生活质量变化。结果：手术融合节段5~12个,平均7.23个节段。手术时间3~7h,平均4.26h。术中出血量700～2500ml,平均1265ml。1例L1部位截骨患者术后出现双下肢痛觉过敏,急诊手术探查发现截骨部位硬脊膜皱褶,脊髓受压,对截骨部位椎板切开减压,术后症状明显好转,术后3个月随访神经症状消失。2例患者术后出现一侧胸腔积血,紧急行胸腔闭式引流术,1周后拔除引流管。15例患者获得6～48个月（平均13.4个月）随访。获得随访的15例患者冠状位主弯Cobb角术前为58.67°±20.36°（43°～97°）,术后为20.32°±8.76°（8°～37°）,末次随访时为21.76°±8.34°（10°～41°）,术后与术前比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）,矫正率为50.76%~82.36%,平均为65.36%,末次随访时与术后比较丢失率为2.45%。术前矢状位后凸角度为45.62°±16.26°（15°～70°）,术后为16.35°±16.87°（-20°～40°）,末次随访时为18.27°±13.92°（-15°～40°）,术后与术前比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）,矫正率为50.97%~79.32%,平均为64.16%,末次随访时与术后比较丢失率为4.2%。15例患者中,6例术前存在冠状面失平衡,术后均恢复平衡;4例术前存在矢状面失平衡,术后3例恢复平衡,1例仍为失平衡。SRS-22问卷量表总得分由术前66.47±12.35分（49～79分）提高至末次随访时的84.13±6.42分（76～92分）（P<0.01）。15例患者均获得骨性融合,无假关节形成或内固定断裂。结论：应用不对称经椎弓根截骨技术矫治先天性脊柱侧后凸畸形,可获得较好的矫形效果,显著改善患者躯体外观及躯体平衡,同时明显改善患者的生活质量。     

Intussusception secondary to a carcinoid tumor in an adult patient

INTRODUCTIONIntussusception in adult patients represents 5% of all intussusceptions and 1–5% of bowel obstructions in adults. In contrast to pediatric patients, 90% of the time, in adults, it's caused by well-established pathologic mechanisms, such as carcinoma, polyps, diverticula, Meckel diverticula, stenosis, or benign neoplasms. Small intestine intussusceptions are more frequent, but colonic intussusceptions are caused 50% of the time by malignant neoplasms, especially adenocarcinoma.PRESENTATION OF CASEWe present a 70-year-old woman, with no relevant familial history, who presented with a 3-day symptomatology consisting of epigastric, colic, diffuse, abdominal pain of moderate intensity, which progressed till reaching a severe intensity, also referring abdominal distension, nausea, and gastrointestinal-content vomits.DISCUSSIONIn adult patients, the exact mechanism of intussusception is unknown in 8–20% of the cases, however, secondary intussusception can occur with any lesion of the intestinal wall or any irritant factor in its lumen that alters normal peristaltic activity and that could serve as a trigger to start an intussusception of one bowel segment over another the most common site is the small intestine.CONCLUSIONIntussusception represents an unusual problem in adult patients; it requires a high clinical suspicion, mainly as a differential diagnosis in patients with intestinal obstruction, and it clinically presents as a subacute or chronic illness. CT represents the most useful diagnostic tool. An attempt to perform reduction procedures in small intestine intussusceptions can be done, however, in ileocolic or colonic intussusceptions, a formal resection of the segment is recommended.     

牙周-正畸联合治疗成人牙周炎效果观察

目的：探讨牙周-正畸联合治疗成人牙周炎患者的方法及临床疗效。方法回顾性分析2008年3月～2010年4月我院经牙周-正畸联合治疗的37例成人牙周炎患者临床资料,并观察正畸治疗后23～48个月远期疗效。结果正畸治疗后37例患者咬合关系正常,前牙覆覆盖正常,牙齿排列整齐,邻接关系恢复,尖窝接触关系良好,牙齿松动明显好转,牙龈探诊未见出血,X线片检查显示牙槽骨吸收停止或有增生影像。随访23～48个月,37例患者基本做到半年复查一次,其中无复发29例（78.4%）,轻度复发8例（21.6%）,无明显复发者。结论牙周-正畸联合治疗牙周炎能有效控制炎症,消除咬合创伤,排齐牙列,利于牙周组织痊愈及患牙固定,恢复患牙咀嚼和美观功能,保持长期稳定的治疗效果。