年龄因素与成人肾恶性肿瘤临床发病特点的关系

目的 探讨年龄因素与成人肾恶性肿瘤临床发病特点的关系。方法 回顾性分析442例成年肾恶性肿瘤患者的临床资料，并按年龄分为〈40岁组、40～60岁组和〉60岁组，对3组患者发病性别比例、症状表现、病理表现、临床分期、淋巴结转移等方面进行比较，分析年龄因素与成人肾恶性肿瘤发病特点的关系。结果 3组男女比例分别为1．2：1．0、1．8：1．0、2．3：1．0，〈40岁组与〉60岁组比较差异有统计学意义（X^2=4．543，P=0．033）；偶发癌所占比例〈40岁组与〉60岁组均低于40～60岁组，但组间差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；肾细胞癌在各种肾实质恶性肿瘤中的比例表现出随年龄增长而增加的趋势，且〈40岁组与〉60岁组比较差异有统计学意义（P=0．045）；〉60岁组肾盂肿瘤比例为26．6％，显著高于其他2组（P≤0．001）；〈40岁组中10．2％的患者病理检查结果显示肿瘤为高度分化不良或未成熟组织肿瘤，高于其他2组，但仅与〉60岁组间差异有统计学意义（P=0．019）；3组临床分期构成比之间两两比较差异均有统计学意义（P≤0．011）；〈40岁组中25．4％的患者出现淋巴结转移，与其他2组比较差异均有统计学意义（P≤0．003）。结论 年龄与成人肾恶性肿瘤临床发病特点之间关系密切，不同年龄人群具有不同的发病特点。     

Use of a New High-Activity Arthroplasty Score to Assess Function of Young Patients With Total Hip or Knee Arthroplasty

The High-Activity Arthroplasty Score (HAAS) was specifically developed to assess subtle variations in functional ability after lower limb arthroplasty with particular regard to highly functioning individuals. The score was a 4-item self-assessment measure covering the 4 domains of walking, running, stair climbing, and general activities, with a possible score ranging from 0 to 18 points. The score was validated in 22 patients (total hip arthroplasty [THA], n = 11; total knee arthroplasty [TKA], n = 11) by comparison with the Oxford, Knee Society, Harris Hip, and Short WOMAC scores. The HAAS was then administered to 152 high-functioning arthroplasty patients (THA, n = 99; TKA, n = 53), all younger than 66 years. The HAAS produced a much wider range of scores, allowing greater differentiation of level of function between patients in assessing performance after TKA or THA.     

成年人小腿外旋畸形的外科治疗

目的探讨成年人小腿外旋畸形的成因、手术方法和治疗效果。方法回顾性分析138例144条腿,平均年龄29.3岁。小儿麻痹后遗症116例,其它原因22例,其中130例合并髋、膝关节和踝足关节的多种畸形209个。术前小腿外旋平均43°,手术先截断腓骨,在胫骨结节下杵臼形截骨,远端内旋至中立位,测量棘、髌、踝力线正常,合并膝内翻、轻度屈膝和膝反屈畸形者同时矫正,截骨端以外固定器或钢针交叉加石膏外固定。结果术后随访平均14个月,128例小腿外旋畸形完全矫正,10例部分矫正。结论小腿外旋是渐进发生的常见畸形,胫骨结节下内旋截骨是简单有效的手术方法,合并髋、膝、踝关节畸形者尽可能同期手术矫正,恢复下肢的持重力线。     

Totally Laparoscopic Right‐Lobe Hepatectomy for Adult Living Donor Liver Transplantation: Useful Strategies to Enhance Safety

The overriding concern in living donor liver transplantation is donor safety. A totally laparoscopic right hepatectomy without middle hepatic vein for adult living donor liver transplantation is presented. The surgical procedure is described in detail, focusing on relevant technical aspects to enhance donor safety, specifically the hanging maneuver and dynamic fluoroscopy‐controlled bile duct division.     

单用口服中药治疗成人病毒性心肌炎随机对照试验的Meta分析

目的 对单用口服中药治疗成人病毒性心肌炎的疗效进行评价。方法 在中国期刊全文数据库（CNKI）、中文科技期刊数据库（VIP）和万方数据库中检索2000年1月至2016年4月发表的单用口服中药治疗成人病毒性心肌炎的随机对照试验文献,对文献进行二次筛选并进行Jadad评分,采用RevMan 5.2软件进行Meta分析。结果 口服中药治疗在改善成人病毒性心肌炎临床症状方面具有明显疗效（OR值为3.32,OR值的95% CI为2.42～4.57, P<0.000 01,I2=0%）;在治疗心电图（或动态心电图）异常方面较单独西医常规疗法无明显优势（OR值为1.94,OR值的95% CI为0.98～3.85,P=0.06, I2=71%）。结论 单用口服中药治疗成人病毒性心肌炎可能具有一定的疗效。     

The symptomatic adult flatfoot: Is there a relationship between severity and degree of pre-existing arthritis in the foot and ankle?

BackgroundThe acquired adult flatfoot deformity (AFFD) is a potentially debilitating foot condition with a prevalence thought to be between 3 %–10 %. To the authors’ best knowledge, no association has been described between severity of AFFD and degree of pre-existing ankle or foot arthritis. The degree and pattern of preexisting ipsilateral arthritis of the foot and ankle was investigated in those with symptomatic AFFD presenting to hospital.MethodsRetrospective observational study between May 2015 and May 2018, of patients who presented to our tertiary clinic with symptomatic AFFD. Radiographs of one hundred and forty-eight (n = 148) patients were reviewed, excluding those with charcot arthropathy, previous trauma or coalition. The primary outcome measure was severity of OA in the ankle, subtalar, talonavicular and calcaneocuboid joints. Secondary outcome was severity of radiographic planovalgus deformity. The independant variables used were age and severity of planovalgus deformity as measured by the Meary angle, calcaneal pitch and medial cuneiform-fifth metatarsal height. A linear regression model was carried out on the outcomes.ResultsMedian age was 60.0 years (IQR 22). There were 56 males to 92 females, with 75 left sided deformities observed and 73 right sided. With increasing severity of planovalgus measurements, there was no significant association observed in severity of arthritis in the ankle joint (p = 0.766), subtalar joint (p = 0.090), talonavicular joint (p = 0.256) and calcaneocuboid joint (p = 0.091). With increasing age, there was significance observed in degree of ankle arthritis, subtalar, talonavicular and calcaneocuboid joints (p = 0.001). There was no significant correlation observed with age for the angular break of Meary’s line (p = 0.73), calcaneal pitch (0.262) and medial cuneiform-fifth metatarsal height (p = 0.937).ConclusionThis observational study shows no significant association between severity of radiographic planovalgus deformity and pre-existing arthritis of the ankle, hindfoot and midtarsal joints.     

成人斯蒂尔病1例

成人斯蒂尔病起病原因及发生机制仍不清楚,临床主要表现为发热、关节痛、皮疹,且有白细胞、血清铁蛋白等指标增高,但缺乏针对该病的特定诊断指标,导致临床漏诊、误诊比率较高。通过查阅相关文献,发现本病内镜下报道资料较少。本文就1例成人斯蒂尔病病例及胃镜下表现进行报道,并结合AOSD相关诊断指标、治疗方面的最新进展进行归纳,旨在为临床诊疗本病寻求更精准的选择。     

多层螺旋CT在成人肠套叠诊断中的应用价值及病因分析

目的 探讨多层螺旋CT在成人肠套叠诊断中的应用价值, 着重研究其对成人肠套叠及其原发病诊断的准确性.方法 该研究整群选取并回顾性分析该院2008年4月—2015年4月收治并经手术证实的52例成人肠套叠患者;手术方法为传统开腹手术,术式为:单纯病变切除术,连同病变在内的部分肠切除术,包括相应的系膜及区域淋巴结在内的肿瘤根治术. 术前以多层螺旋CT轴位薄层扫描(平扫或平扫+增强)结合多平面重组技术,分析肠套叠CT征象,查找其原发病灶.结果 手术结果显示,有49例属于顺行性肠套叠,3例属于逆行性肠套叠,其中回肠-结肠型肠套叠26例,结肠-结肠型肠套叠11例,小肠-小肠型肠套叠12例,结肠-直肠型肠套叠3例.术后病理诊断结果显示,良性病变23例,恶性病变28例. 术前CT诊断肠套叠47例,准确率为90.38%,正确诊断出原发病变38例,准确率为73.08%. 结论 多层螺旋CT对于成人肠套叠诊断具有重要价值,能够发现其原发病变,对于其后期诊治起着指导意义.