社会支持对流动老人积极老化的影响:有调节的中介作用

目的 探讨社会支持对流动老人积极老化的影响及作用机制。方法 采用受访者驱动抽样的方式在抽取流动老人446名,用社会支持评定量表、积极老化测评问卷和老化态度问卷进行问卷调查,对数据进行了独立样本 t 检、相关分析、有调节的中介模型的检验。结果 ①在控制了年龄和性别后,社会支持不仅能够直接预测积极老化（直接效应占比22.45%）,还能通过自我老化态度的中介作用间接预测积极老化（中介效应占比77.55%）;②流动原因在自我老化态度和积极老化之间起调节作用（ β =0.20, t =6.80, P ＜0.01）,自我老化态度对随迁老人的积极老化水平的正向预测作用更加显著（ β =0.95, t =20.39, P ＜0.01）。结论 社会支持通过自我老化态度影响流动老人的积极老化水平,流动原因调节了自我老化态度对积极老化的影响。     

股骨上端松质骨拉伸应力松弛及蠕变的实验研究

目的研究正常国人新鲜尸体股骨上端松质骨的拉伸粘弹性力学性质,为临床提供生物力学参数。方法对股上端松质骨试样纵向进行拉伸应力松弛及蠕变实验。得到股骨上端松质骨纵向的应力松弛及蠕变数据和曲线。对实验数据进行归一化处理。结果分别用对数、指数一元回归分析的方法处理数据,得出了归一化应力松弛、归一化蠕变函数及曲线。结论股骨上端松质骨拉伸应力松弛7200s应力松弛量为0.422MPa,7200s蠕变量为0.784%。     

Influence of histamine depletion on learning and memory recollection in rats

To clarify the role of endogenous histamine in learning and memory, the effect of -fluoromethylhistidine on active avoidance response in rats was studied. -Fluoromethylhistidine (20–100 mg/kg or 10–50 µg) significantly (P<0.05 orP<0.01) prolonged the response latency in active avoidance response when administered by either intraperitoneal or intracerebroventricular injection. These effects were dose-related and long lasting. A prolongation of the response latency induced by an intraperitoneal injection of -fluoromethylhistidine (100 mg/kg) was antagonized by intracerebroventricular injection of histamine (10 and 20 ng) in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, the acquisition of this response was retarded by a consecutive intracerebroventricular injection of -fluoromethylhistidine (50 µg), whereas histamine (100 ng) facilitated the response acquisition when administered by the same route. Both intraperitoneal (100 mg/kg) and intracerebroventricular injection of -fluoromethylhistidine (50 µg) significantly (P<0.05 orP<0.01) decreased the brain histamine content, especially in the hippocampus and hypothalamus. When -fluoromethylhistidine (50 µg) was injected intracerebroventricularly, there is a high correlation between a prolongation of the response latency and a decrease in histamine content of these brain areas. Based on these findings, it was concluded that an intimate relation may exist between a prolongation of response latency in the active avoidance response and a decrease in the brain histamine content; endogenous histamine may play an important role in learning and memory recollection in rats.     

当药水提物对大鼠中性白细胞活性氧生成和兔血小板聚集的影响

目的 研究当药水提物对大鼠中性白细胞性细胞内内Ca^2 浓度增加、活性氧生成及兔血小板聚集的影响。方法 用酵母多糖、FMLP和A23 187活化大鼠中性白细胞,用化学发光法测定活性氧,用荧光光度法测细胞内Ca^2 浓度,用比浊法测血小板聚集。结果 当药水提物浓度依赖性地抑制酵母多精、FMLP和A23 187诱导的大鼠中性白细胞内Ca^2 浓度增加及活性氧生成;也抑制花生四稀酸、胶原及ADP诱导的兔血小板聚集。和吲哚美辛比较,当药水提物抑制活性氧生成的作用较强而抑制血小板聚集的作用较弱,其作用远强于swertiamarin。结论 当药水提物是极强的中性白细胞活性氧生成抑制剂,其作用强于swertiamarin。     

活动性肝硬化并多器官功能衰竭防治研讨

通过对２９０例活动性肝硬化并多器官功能衰竭８５例临床分析表明,活动性肝硬化患者在多器官损害某些诱因作用下可引起相应或临界器官衰竭本组病例并发ＭＯＦ８５例,发生率为２９．３％,死亡６３例,死亡率为７９．１％。     

中药有效成分研究与复方新药开发

１０００００首方剂是开发中药复方新药的宝库。１２７７２种中药及其复方中的有效成分是开发中药复方新药的基础。逆向思维、利用文献、研究有效成分动态变化和综合作用是开发中药复方新药的几种途径     

Value of direct measurement of active renin concentrations in congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency

In congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAR) due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency, measurement of plasma renin activity (PRA) has been the method of choice in diagnosing salt loss and in monitoring adequacy of mineralocorticoid replacement therapy. Due to methodological problems in PRA determinations, direct immunoradiometric assays for the measurement of active renin concentration have been developed. We measured PRA and active renin concentrations simultaneously in 39 patients with CAH (30 salt-wasting, 9 simple virilizing) to evaluate the potential role of this new method in the management of this disease. PRA was determined with an enzymatic assay (sample volume: 2 × 1000 l plasma), active renin concentration with a direct immunoradiometric assay (sample volume: 2 × 200 l plasma or serum). We found a highly significant correlation between active renin and PRA in our patients (P < 0.001), as previously shown in healthy subjects. Active renin was as reliable as PRA to assess the quality of mineralocorticoid replacement.     

颞骨岩部胆脂瘤

目的：探讨岩部胆脂瘤的临床特征及手术方法。方法：经迷路前上径路手术治疗1例，经迷路-耳蜗径路手术治疗8例。结果：术后8例随访2-9年，局部无胆脂瘤复发，其中2例面神经全程减压，术后未能恢复；1例术后2个月出现面肌运动，7个月后恢复正常，1例术后仅2个月，有待随访。结论：根据病变部位及侵犯范围选择适当的手术途径；术腔内填塞脂肪，封闭外耳道可防止脑脊液外漏。     

桂枝汤有效部位A对体温双向调节作用及其机理研究————对下丘脑NE、DA、5-HT含量的影响

在酵母诱导的发热大鼠中，桂枝汤有效部位Ａ（Ｆｒ．Ａ）能降低下丘脑５－ＨＴ、ＮＥ、ＤＡ含量；在安痛定诱导的低体温大鼠中，能升高５－ＨＴ含量。结果提示，Ｆｒ．Ａ为桂枝汤体温双向调节作用的一种物质基础，影响中枢神经递质５－ＨＴ的水平是其机理之一；其解热作用与影响中枢神经递质ＮＥ和ＤＡ的含量有关