Evaluation of endomorphin-1 on the activity of Na(+),K(+)-ATPase using in vitro and in vivo studies

The goal of this study was to investigate the effects of endomorphin-1 on Na(+),K(+)-ATPase activity in mouse brain synaptosome in vitro, and its antinociceptive interaction with the Na(+),K(+)-ATPase inhibitor ouabain. Endomorphin-1 (0.1 nM-10 microM) produced a concentration-dependent (EC(50): 43.19 nM, CI: 23.38-65.71 nM, E(max): 25.86%, CI: 24.53-27.20%), naloxone-reversible increase of the synaptosomal Na(+),K(+)-ATPase activity. The intrathecally (i.t.) administered endomorphin-1 (2-20 microg) produced a dose-dependent short-lasting increase in the tail-flick latency. Ouabain itself (1-1000 ng, i.t.) did not cause antinociception. Treatment with 10 ng ouabain significantly decreased the antinociceptive effect of 2 microg endomorphin-1, but none of the other combinations did significantly differ from the endomorhin-1-treated groups. These data indicate that endomorphin-1 increases the activity of Na(+),K(+)-ATPase in vitro but this effect may play a weak role in the antinociception induced by intrathecal endomorphin-1.     

Effects of castration on cannabinoid cb receptor expression and on the biological actions of cannabinoid in the parotid gland

In the present study, we examined whether cannabinoid receptor expression and the effects of receptor stimulation vary as a function of gonadal status in a peripheral tissue, namely the male rat parotid gland. Four groups of male rats were studied: gonadal intact, castrated, castrated testosterone (1 mg/100 g bodyweight) treated and gonadal intact testosterone treated. 2. The results showed that the density of CB(1) receptors decreased after castration and that receptor density was restored to control values after testosterone treatment. This decrement was associated with a decrease of anandamide (10(-10) to 10(-5) mol/L)-induced cAMP accumulation and amylase release without changes in the anandamide-induced inhibition of Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase activity. 3. Castration did not modify either the subtype of cannabinoid receptor involved in the actions of anandamide or drug affinity for the receptor. 4. The mechanism underlying anandamide-induced cAMP accumulation, amylase release and inhibition of Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase activity, namely through the activation of adenylyl cyclase, was the same in control and castrated rats. 5. Basal cAMP accumulation, amylase release and Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase activity were not altered by castration. 6. Castration had no effect on the concentration of total protein. 7. It can be concluded that CB(1) cannabinoid receptor expression is regulated by testosterone in male rat parotid gland and this has functional implications for cAMP accumulation and amylase release.     

问荆碱对大鼠脑囊泡膜Mg2+-ATPase,Ca2+-ATPase抑制作用的动力学研究

问荆碱对大鼠脑囊泡膜Mg²⁺-ATPase,Ca²⁺-ATPase有显著的抑制作用,对Mg²⁺-ATPase的抑制机制分别为竞争性抑制(Mg²⁺,Ki=4.93×10^-5mol/L)、非竞争性抑制(ATP,Ki=1.06×10^-4mol/L),对Ca²⁺-ATPase的抑制机制分别为混合型抑制(Ca²⁺,Ki=5.07×10^-5mol/L)、非竞争性抑制(ATP,Ki=3.27×10-4mol/L)。     

乙醇对生物膜功能和细胞结构的影响

按10mL/kg 剂量,每天给雄性 Wistar 大鼠分别于腹腔注射2%、5%、20%和40%无水乙醇水溶液。实验期为8天。结果表明大鼠 RBC 膜的荧光偏振度下降,Na~ ,K~ -ATP 酶活性增加。用光镜和 TEM 观察,在大鼠的组织和细胞中可见有出血、水肿、脂滴、变形,线粒体肿胀、RER 扩张,膜破裂和脱粒等。乙醇和生物膜的相互作用,可引起大鼠膜功能明显改变和一定的损伤。     

穴位电刺激对大鼠急性运动后腓肠肌收缩功能的影响

目的探讨穴位电刺激疗法对大鼠急性运动后腓肠肌收缩功能的影响。方法 45只SD大鼠,随机分成三组,适应性游泳训练1星期后,进行急性运动（2 h的游泳）,全麻下取腓肠肌,应用差速离心法提取SR,检测肌质网（SR）钙泵（Ca2＋-ATPase）、Ca2＋浓度;30只SD大鼠,随机分成正常对照组、急性运动模型组、穴位电刺激治疗组三组,运动后制备坐骨神经-腓肠肌标本,在SMUP-E型生物信息处理系统上观察腓肠肌最大收缩力。结果模型组大鼠腓肠肌SR Ca2＋-ATPase的活力明显低于对照组（P〈0.05）,治疗组则明显高于模型组（P〈0.05）;模型组大鼠腓肠肌SR Ca2＋浓度明显高于对照组（P〈0.05）,治疗组则明显低于模型组（P〈0.01）,治疗组与对照组差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;模型组大鼠腓肠肌的最大收缩力明显小于对照组（P〈0.05）,而治疗组则明显大于模型组（P〈0.05）。结论一次性急性游泳（2 h）大鼠腓肠肌SR的Ca2＋-ATPase活性明显下降,Ca2＋浓度显著升高,腓肠肌的最大收缩力下降;穴位电刺激则可以明显提高大鼠腓肠肌SR Ca2＋-ATPase的活力,降低SR内Ca2＋浓度,增强大鼠腓肠肌的最大收缩力。这可能是穴位电刺激疗法延缓运动疲劳的机理之一。     

染料木素抗大鼠心肌肥厚作用及其与ATPase活性的关系

目的:观察染料木素(Gen)对异丙肾上腺素(iso)所致大鼠心肌肥厚的保护作用及其对心肌组织Na+-K+-ATPase,Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase活性及羟脯氨酸含量的影响。方法:0.2 g·L-1的iso 5 mL·kg-1·d-1,背部皮下注射,连续10 d,建立大鼠心肌肥厚模型。造模第2天开始给予不同浓度的染料木素、二甲基亚砜或NS,连续14 d,末次给药后禁食12 h,称体重,麻醉,取心脏,称全心及左心室质量,计算全心质量指数及左心室质量指数,测定心肌组织Na+-K+-ATPase,Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase活性及羟脯氨酸(Hyp)含量。结果:模型组全心质量指数及左心室质量指数分别为(3.30±0.24),(2.55±0.14)mg·kg-1,与正常对照组相比显著升高(P<0.001);心肌组织Na+-K+-ATPase和Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase活力为(1.81±0.25),(1.00±0.22)U·mg-1,与正常对照组相比活性显著降低(P<0.01);Hyp含量为(0.80±0.05)mg·g-1,与正常对照组相比含量显著升高(P<0.001)。与模型组相比,染料木素高、低剂量组(0.3,0.1μmol.kg-1)全心质量指数分别为(2.83±0.22),(2.97±0.19)mg·kg-1;左心室质量指数分别为(2.32±0.16),(2.34±0.13)mg·kg-1均显著降低(P<0.01或P<0.05);高剂量组心肌组织Na+-K+-ATPase(2.58±0.40)U·mg-1及Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase(1.35±0.22)U·mg-1活性升高(P<0.01或P<0.05),染料木素高、低剂量组心肌组织Hyp含量分别为(0.48±0.11),(0.57±0.14)mg·g-1显著降低(P<0.01或P<0.05)。结论:染料木素可通过提高Na+-K+-ATPase及Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase的活性,降低Hyp含量,从而抑制心脏纤维化,起抗心肌肥厚作用。     

旋覆代赭汤对RE模型大鼠食管黏膜Na+-K+-ATP酶及 Ca2+-Mg2+-ATP酶的影响

目的: 观察旋覆代赭汤对反流性食管炎(RE)模型大鼠食管黏膜组织Na⁺-K⁺-ATP酶及Ca²⁺-Mg²⁺-ATP酶活性的影响,探讨RE食管黏膜细胞能量代谢障碍与黏膜损伤的关系以及旋覆代赭汤治疗RE的作用机制。方法: 将96只雄性Wistar大鼠随机分成6组,即假手术组、模型组、旋覆代赭汤组高、中、低剂量组(24,12,6 g·kg^-1)及西药对照组(奥美拉唑10 mg·kg^-1+2 mg·kg^-1莫沙必利),每组16只。采用"食管-十二指肠端侧吻合术"制备胃及十二指肠液混合RE模型。从术后第3天开始,假手术组、模型组给予生理盐水灌胃,药物治疗组分别给予旋覆代赭汤高、中、低剂量、西药(奥美拉唑10 mg·kg^-1+莫沙必利2 mg·kg^-1)灌胃,连续7天,记录大鼠体重变化及死亡情况,于第8天处死大鼠留取标本,观察食管下段黏膜大体及病理组织学变化;化学法检测食管黏膜组织Na⁺-K⁺-ATP和Ca²⁺-Mg²⁺-ATP酶活性。结果: 与假手术组比,模型组大鼠体重明显减轻(P<0.05),食管黏膜肉眼及镜下病理改变明显,评分增高(P<0.05);食管黏膜组织Na⁺-K⁺-ATP酶及Ca²⁺-Mg²⁺-ATP酶活性显著降低(P<0.05);与模型组及西药组比,旋覆代赭汤高、中剂量组大鼠死亡率明显降低(P<0.05):与模型组比,旋覆代赭汤高、中剂量组、西药组肉眼及病理评分显著降低(P<0.05);食管黏膜组织Na⁺-K⁺-ATP酶及Ca²⁺-Mg²⁺-ATP酶活性明显提高(P<0.05)。结论: 旋覆代赭汤能明显提高RE大鼠食管黏膜细胞膜Na⁺-K⁺-ATP 酶及Ca²⁺-Mg²⁺-ATP酶活性, 从而保持食管黏膜细胞完整性,减轻黏膜损伤。     

芪参胶囊对大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用(英文)

目的研究芪参胶囊对大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用。方法用线栓法建立大鼠局灶性脑缺血模型,大鼠于缺血1h再灌注2h断头取脑,检测大脑组织Ca2 -ATPase,Na ,K -ATPase,NOS活性和NO,水的含量及大脑皮层神经元内游离钙离子浓度,行为学评价及梗死面积,常规石蜡切片,HE染色,作病理学检查。结果芪参胶囊显著降低缺血再灌注后大脑皮层神经元内游离钙离子浓度及大脑组织NOS活性,NO的含量和水肿程度及梗死面积;显著增强Ca2 -ATPase,Na ,K -ATPase的活性;病理学检查显示芪参胶囊能明显减轻脑水肿及神经元坏死程度。结论芪参胶囊对大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤有明显保护作用。     

中医名词术语的分类及其英译的标准化

中医名词术语的分类及其英译的标准化黑龙江省佳木斯医学院（黑龙江１５４００２）王朝辉，林岩黑龙江省佳木斯妇幼保健院陈淑芬人民卫生出版社中医编辑部呼素华中医名词术语分类的科学性有助于中医名词术语英译的准确性和规范性。同样的道理，要达到中医名词术语英译的标...