住院病人检查检验报告单归档的管理

目的提高病案质量，防范医疗纠纷。方法从2005年1月～2007年12月30，357份住院病案中随机抽取1500份病案进行调研。结果有40份病案检查检验报告单缺失，主要有病人原因、医生原因及辅助科医生原因，分别各占43．8％、37．5％、18．7％。采取相应对策，保证住院病案的完整性，使得检查检验报告单能够及时归档，提高医院甲级病案率。结论病案质量问题应该引起医院管理者、病案管理人员、医护人员的重视。     

加强临床检验质量控制的思考

临床检验是疾病诊断和治疗的重要参考。提高临床检验质量一直都是临床检验人员、医疗机构和卫生行政部门关注的重要问题。临床检验水平的高低,不仅体现在检验设备、人员素质上,也同样体现在临床检验政策法规和操作规范、医疗机构临床检验操作管理上。但我国的临床检验质量控制尚不完善,临床检验质量不高。本文从卫生行政部门、医疗机构以及临床检验人员的角度提出加强临床检验质量控制,提高临床检验质量的建议和措施。     

原料药USP认证与FDA认证区别探讨

国内药企希望通过国际GMP认证以便将产品更快地推向国际市场，及时了解国际认证的最新动态非常必要。就新推出的USP药用成分认证和FDA认证的主要区别点作一探讨。     

中文医疗文本匿名化方法研究

医疗文档的匿名化工作能够有效保护患者隐私,推动中国电子病历匿名化的发展。但传统的人工筛检患者隐私信息方法不仅效率低下,错检、漏检频繁,且消耗大量人力资源。针对这一问题,引入中文分词技术,提出并实现了一种基于中文分词技术的识别并处理中文人名的算法。该方法通过对医疗文本当中的自然句切割和切词以及充分挖掘姓名和其上下文信息的关联程度,实现了在电子病历中批量处理中文医疗文档。通过此方法,人名的检出率达到96．80％,超过临床人员对PHI的人工平均检出率81％,同时获得了90．57％的精确率。在保护患者隐私的同时,最大化地减少匿名化对医疗文档临床医用价值的影响。     

舌诊的图像信息采集方法研究进展

对舌诊图像信息采集的三个关键环节——光源、CCD设备和色彩校正方法进行综述,并分析存在的问题与不足。     

American Public Health Association Meeting

Unit managers do need formal supervisory training. Training should focus on their approach to the decision making process as wel as their performance within it. Quality circle training was deemed most appropriate, because it focuses on team management and the development of skills needed to handle interactions in team settings.     

HOLMIUM LASER VERSUS TRANSURETHRAL RESECTION OF THE PROSTATE: A RANDOMIZED PROSPECTIVE TRIAL WITH 1-YEAR FOLLOWUP

PURPOSE: The high-powered holmium:YAG laser can be used for incision, ablation and resection of the prostate. The technique of holmium laser resection of the prostate is compared to transurethral prostatic resection for surgical management of benign prostatic hyperplasia in this prospective randomized study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 120 urodynamically obstructed cases were randomized to holmium laser or transurethral prostatic resection. All eligible patients were assessed preoperatively and at 3 weeks, and 3, 6 and 12 months postoperatively with an American Urological Association symptom score, peak urinary flow rate, and questionnaires concerning sexual function and continence. Preoperative pressure flow study, ultrasound prostate volume assessment and post-void residual volume measurement were repeated at the 6-month visit. All complications were noted. RESULTS: Holmium laser and transurethral resections resulted in significant improvements in symptom score, quality of life score, peak urinary flow rate and post-void residual urine measurements. Operating time was significantly longer in the holmium group but nursing contact time, catheter time and hospital stay were significantly less compared to the transurethral prostatic resection group. Urodynamic results were equivalent at 6 months. There were fewer side effects in the holmium group. Effects on continence, potency and symptoms were similar with 1-year followup. CONCLUSIONS: Holmium and transurethral resections of the prostate appear to be equivalent in surgical management of bladder outflow obstruction due to benign prostate hyperplasia. Perioperative morbidity was less in the holmium group.     

大鼠肝硬变门脉高压性瘀证舌脉诊变化的实验研究

用复制的肝硬变门脉高压性瘀证大鼠模型,以探索舌脉变化与合深静脉压、门脉压、门脉血流量之间的关系.结果实验组大鼠形成坏死后肝硬变,以假小叶Ⅲ期病变为主;舌深静脉压力升高,与门脉压升高呈正相关;门脉血流量明显减少,与对照组比较P<0.01.认为肝硬变门脉高压性瘀证的舌脉粗张与细络瘀血主要是因门脉血经门—腔侧支循环回流入上腔静脉,引起上腔静脉阻力增大,压力增高,导致舌的静脉系统回流受阻,舌深静脉压力升高所致.     

帕金森病潜在周围神经损害的电生理特点

目的探讨帕金森病(PD)患者周围神经潜在损害情况,损害的电生理特点及相关因素分析。方法将50例PD患者和65名对照者纳入研究,分别进行神经电生理检查,包括四肢运动神经末端潜伏期(LP)、波幅及感觉传导速度(SCV)、波幅,以上指标二组间进行比较。结果 PD组运动神经末端LP明显延长(P0.05),波幅明显下降(P0.05),感觉神经末端SCV明显减慢(P0.05)。多重线性回归分析提示,PD患者运动神经末端LP均值较对照组增高0.14(0.03,0.24)ms(P=0.011),运动神经末端波幅均值较对照组下降1.69(-2.15,-1.23)m V(P0.001),SCV均值较对照组减慢5.61(-7.84,-3.37)m/s(P0.001)。结论 PD患者存在潜在周围神经纤维损害,表现为运动神经末端LP延长,运动神经波幅降低,SCV减慢。     

放射卫生的科学问题与关键技术展望

新中国成立70多年来,放射卫生工作得到了党和政府的高度重视,全国放射卫生队伍做了大量工作,成绩卓著。本文围绕职业照射、医疗照射、公众照射和应急照射的安全与防护,以及辐射健康效应及其机制等领域,未来数年内需要解决的科学问题和技术发展瓶颈进行梳理凝炼,以期给国内放射卫生领域相关单位和专家的研究工作提供参考和借鉴。