高血压脑出血微创治疗中再出血的防治

应用YL-1型血肿碎吸针，依CT定位，穿刺碎吸血肿，损伤小、操作简便，已在全国推广应用。但其本身无止血作用，如操作方法不当，术中及术后再出血发生率较高，再次出血病人预后极差，临床上应重视再出血的防治。     

Pediatric intracranial aneurysms——clinical characteristics and therapeutic strategies

Objective To assess the radiological characteristics and therapeutic strategies of intracranial aneurysms in children. Methods From our dedicated neurovascular databank of patients, we reviewed 23 consecutive children who had 24 intracranial aneurysms. There were 14 boys and 9 girls with a mean age of 9.09 years ( range 1 - 14 years ). Results Intracranial aneurysms in children ≤ 14 years constituted 1.3% of all intracranial aneurysms. Internal Carotid artery (ICA) and middle cerebral artery (MCA) were the most frequent sites for aneurysms. About 58.3% of the aneurysms were complex, including dissecting, pseudoaneurysm, giant and fusiform aneurysm. 1/3 of all aneurysms were located in posterior circulation. Only 1 case had multiple aneurysms in this case series. Almost half of all cases presented with subarachnoid hemorrhage and others presented with mass effect. 14 cases underwent endovascular treatment. 4 patients received microsurgical therapy. 5 cases did not receive microsurgical or endovascular therapy, 2 of them whose aneurysms spontaneously thrombosed during follow up. One boy with left vertebral artery giant aneurysm died after endovascular therapy owing to gradual thrombosis in basilar artery. Another child had poor outcome because of rerupture of aneurysm before operation. Whereas the majority had a favorable outcome. Conclusions Intracranial aneurysms in children had many clinical and radiological characteristics different from those in adults : ( 1 ) remarkable male predominance; ( 2 ) ICA and MCA were the most common sites for aneurysms; (3) high incidence of large, traumatic, infectious, dissecting and fusiform aneurysms. (4)For pediatric intracranial aneurysms, both microsurgical approaches and endovascular treatment were effective. Endovaacular therapy was the best choice for complex aneurysms.     

催产素合宫血宁胶囊减少产后出血50例

我们用催产素合宫血宁胶囊预防产后出血，效果较好，现报道如下。     

低颅压综合征1例报告

低颅压综合征并非少见,常被误诊,尤其是当腰穿见到血性脑脊液时,常被诊断为蛛网膜下腔出血,而进行很多不必要的检查,给病人及家属造成过重负担。现将笔者遇到的1例低颅压综合征病例报告如下。1临床资料患者女,40岁。既往健康,无头部外伤史和腰穿史。入院3天前跑步后发生额部疼痛,为持续性疼痛,恶心、呕吐2次,无发热和周身不适;卧床时头痛明显减轻,坐起或站立后头痛很快加重。在厂医院对症治疗不见好转来诊。来诊时查体:意识清楚,血压正常,未查到任何神经系统阳性体征。头颅CT未见异常。腰穿脑脊液:初压为60 mm H2O,脑脊液黄染,常规检查蛋…     

MRI联合磁共振血管成像诊断盆腔静脉瘀血综合征20例分析

1949年，Tayor首次将一种慢性盆腔疼痛综合征定义为盆腔静脉瘀血综合征。该综合征是由于盆腔静脉曲张、瘀血引起的一种妇科疾病，主要见于经产、育龄妇女。慢性盆腔疼痛足无规律的盆腔疼痛持续至少6个月，在妇产科患者中比较常见，占妇产科门诊就诊患者的10％-40％。约50％的盆腔静脉瘀血综合征患者存在慢性盆腔疼痛。但由于其临床表现复杂，缺乏特异性体征，常常被临床医师误诊或漏诊。本研究应用MRI平扫联合磁共振血管成像（magnetic resonance angiography，MRA）技术，探讨盆腔静脉瘀血综合征的MRI表现，为临床诊断提供准确、客观的依据。     

剖宫产术中宫腔填塞防治产后出血32例分析

目的:探讨防治剖宫产术中出血最简便的方法。方法:用纱块填塞宫腔。结果:32例产后出血患者采用纱块宫腔填纱后均达到了止血的目的,且取出过程顺利,无一例发生纱块遗留及宫腔感染。结论:宫腔填塞纱块的方法简便有效,可在基层医院广泛推广。     

氯吡格雷防治动脉粥样硬化缺血性疾病的研究进展

氯吡格雷防治动脉粥样硬化斑块破裂后血栓形成尤其是冠状动脉疾病及其经皮冠脉介入性治疗有了充足的临床试验证据,对于粥样斑块的形成和发展的相关依据正在进行,现就氯吡格雷全面预防和治疗动脉粥样硬化缺血性疾病的研究进展作一综述。     

卡孕栓预防产后出血100例临床应用

目的观察第三产程及产后2h内失血的影响，方法2005年6月～2006年6月在我院足月正常妊娠阴道分娩，卡孕拴组100例，胎儿娩出后阴道放置卡孕拴1枚（1mg）。对照组胎儿娩出后，分别经臀部肌肉或静脉注射催产素10u，50例观察产后2h失血量采用容积法＋称重测量产后出血量。早期运用卡孕拴显来缩短第三产程，减少产后2h内失血量。结果早期运用卡孕拴显著缩短第三产程，减少产后2h失血量，即简易而又高效，有效防止产后大出血。结论降低产后出血及孕产妇死亡率起着重要的作用。     

消化道出血治疗八法

吐血、便血是消化道出血的常见临床症状,中医对此有比较完整的理论认识和丰富的治疗经验,本文摘取历代医家有代表性的医案,供临床参考使用.