利多卡因在绝经后妇女取环中的临床应用

目的 探讨绝经后妇女取环时宫颈2%利多卡因局部麻醉的临床效果。方法 37例绝经后妇女常规取环失败。经改用宫颈2%利多卡因局部麻醉后取环。结果 37例患者均一次性取环成功。结论 宫颈2%利多卡因局部麻醉后绝经后妇女取环成功率高。痛苦少。操作简单方便，安全有效。     

异丙酚在硬脊膜外阻滞麻醉中防治内脏牵拉反应的临床观察

资料与方法 112例中男65例，女47例，年龄41—72岁，急诊手术26例，其中休克者19例，肝功能有改变者34例。手术方式：胆切除44例，胆总管探查27例，胆总管T型管引流术32例，胆总管括约肌成型术1例，胆肠吻合引流术8例。手术时间平均3．1小时，术中平均输血400ml，有4例输血超过2000ml。     

麻醉后恢复室建立的重要性分析

大多数患者在麻醉苏醒期经过平顺。但术后即刻的并发症可能是突发的 ,甚至是危及生命的。麻醉后恢复室(ＰＡＣＵ) ,是由专门的护士和麻醉医师组成 ,紧邻手术室 ,配有一定检查、实验室和抢救设备 ,可为所有麻醉和镇静患者的苏醒提供良好的密切监测和处理 ,提高了麻醉、手术的安全性 ,ＰＡＣＵ的建立有其重要意义。1　ＰＡＣＵ的性质1 1　ＰＡＣＵ收集麻醉手术后尚未清醒 ,生命体征不平稳的患者 ,并对其进行麻醉恢复、观察、监测、对症处理 ,待患者清醒、安全后再送入病房。1 2　多临床、多科室的特点。凡手术室内进行手术的各科室患者需要麻…     

异丙酚静脉全麻复合硬膜外腔阻滞麻醉期间CO2气腹对血流动力学和氧耗的影响

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of intraperitoneal CO2 insufflation on the hemodynamics, oxygen consumption (VO2) and carbon dioxide production (VCO2) during intravenous anesthesia with propofol in combination with epidural block. METHODS: Intratracheal intubation was performed after rapid induction of anesthesia and mechanical ventilation was given. Maintenance of anesthesia was achieved using continuous intravenous propofol infusion (2 mg/kg/h) ?N2O inhalation and intermittent epidural administration. Indices of hemodynamics and respiratory function were collected 5 min before induction, 1 min before CO2 insufflation, and 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 min after the start of insufflation and 5 min after the termination of insufflation. RESULTS: The mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), end-tidal PCO2 (P(ET)CO2), VO2 and VCO2 1 min before insufflation were markedly reduced(P<0.01), compared with those recorded before induction. MAP and HR did not undergo any conspicuous changes during CO2 insufflation and 5 min after insufflation termination. Compared with that 1 min before insufflation, PETCO2 was significantly increased 20 min after the start of insufflation (P<0.01), and subsequently carried on the increase though of a lesser scale. VO2 and VCO2 gradually rose after the start of insufflation, and VO2 presented a significantly elevation (P<0.01) 10 min after the insufflation while VCO2 did not show this marked increase(P<0.05) till 20 min after the insufflation in comparison with the levels before insufflation. Subsequently, VO2 continued to rise and VCO2 also retained the increase but of smaller magnitude. CONCLUSION: Intravenous propofol anesthesia combined with epidural block assisted by well-managed excessive ventilation before insufflation can alleviate the adverse effects of CO2 insufflation on respiratory and circulatory systems.     

硬膜外阻滞复合异丙酚60例临床观察

目的：探讨异丙酚适时给药方法和剂量的临床效应。方法：组①异丙酚负荷量1．5mg/kg，5min后开始维持3.75mg.kg^-1.h^-1；组②负荷量0．75mg/kg，随之接与组①相同维持量；组③以0．2mg.kg^-1.h^-1共5min为负荷量，随后接维持量。结果：（1）组①血压下降，呼吸抑制、血氧饱和度低于90％的发生率较高。组②③不发生呼吸抑制和血氧饱和度严重降低。（2）有良好的镇静制动作用，其深度调整容易。（3）术中无恶心呕吐或鼓肠，停药后清醒迅速无不适。结论：以适当方式给一定量的异丙酚，是良好的硬膜外麻醉辅助用药。     

持续泵注用于老年患者硬膜外麻醉的临床观察

目的观察泵注硬膜外麻醉在老年患者手术麻醉中的可行性、安全性及其临床效果。方法选择65~80岁老年患者100例,进行前列腺、会阴部及下肢各种手术。分为2组:I组采用泵注法,II组采用分次注入法。I组以0.08~0.10 ml.Kg-1.h-1的速度泵注利多卡因,直至手术结束。II组为10 ml利多卡因5 min分2次注入,以后每60min追加6 ml。记录2组HR、MAP、SPO2及麻醉平面相对固定时间和最高麻醉平面,镇痛效果、运动阻滞程度和麻醉用药总量。所得数据进行统计学分析。结果2组麻醉效果、麻醉平面、SPO2的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),I组比II组用药少,血压波动轻微(P<0.05)。结论微量泵硬膜外持续泵入法对老年病人血液动力学影响轻,是一种安全、有效、可行的硬膜外给药方法。