SAINTI试验中NXY-059治疗急性缺血性卒中的附加终点和亚组分析结果

NXY-059是一种已经证实能够减轻缺血性卒中残疾的自由基捕捉性神经保护剂。英国格拉斯哥西方医院急性卒中单元和脑血管门诊部的Lees等对SAINTI试验中的附加终点指标和敏感性分析进行分析以证实这些研究结果。     

浅谈静脉留置针的临床应用护理体会

静脉留置针由于其具有痛苦轻、对血管刺激小，并且可随血管形状自由弯曲，不易脱出血管，便于肢体活动，有利于危重患者的抢救和提高护理工作效率，减少患者对输液的心理压力，可随时进行输液治疗等优点，因此被广大护理人员所接受。对我科100例使用静脉留置针的患者进行临床护理观察，现将体会总结报告如下。     

脑源性神经营养因子信号转导在神经病理性疼痛中的作用

神经病理性疼痛是一种常见并且严重影响人类健康的疾病,甚至可导致病人最终失去行动能力,全世界受此病困扰着达数百万人,因此成为神经科学研究的一个重要问题,但具体机制还不清楚。目前已经知道,神经病理性疼痛是由于手术等造成的神经损伤或糖尿病、带状疱疹、艾滋病,以及部分肿瘤等疾病产生的外周神经功能异常所引起,患者出现痛觉敏感的现象,对轻微的皮肤触摸产生较痛苦的感觉。目前对神经病理性疼痛的预防和治疗措施有限,因此加强在该领域的研究具有十分重要的意义。经过许多科学家的努力,最近的一系列研究表明一种神经营养因子———脑源…     

头皮丛状神经纤维瘤2例

1病历摘要病例1：女，22岁。发现头部肿物6个月。体格检查：左颞顶枕及右枕有一大小约15cm×10cm的肿物。皮肤表面呈淡褐色，有斑块状色素沉着，其中左颞顶部皮肤粗糙、皱褶；肿物下坠，类似橡皮肿，边界不清，活动度差，质地极为柔软，触之如棉絮，无波动感。CT示肿物为软组织及液体密度影，颅骨完整。[第一段]     

精浆尿酸的检测及其与精液参数的相关性研究

目的：建立精浆尿酸（UA）的检测方法并探讨精浆UA水平与精液参数的相关性。方法：根据检测血清UA的方法加以改良建立检测精浆UA的方法,并观察批内变异和不同技术人员检测结果之间的差异以评价方法的可接受性。同时分析138例男性精浆UA水平与患者年龄、禁欲时间、精液量、pH、精子密度、活动率、a＋b级精子百分率和正常形态精子百分率之间的相关性。结果：精浆UA检测方法的批内变异为9.16%,2位技术人员的检测结果没有显著性差异（P=0.541）。精浆UA水平与正常形态精子百分率呈正相关（r=0.350,P=0.025）,与精子活动率和a＋b级精子百分率有呈正相关的趋势（r=0.147和0.156,P=0.085和0.068）,而与精液分析其他参数如精液量、pH、精子密度、禁欲时间以及患者年龄等无相关性。结论：通过对血清UA检测方法加以改良可以建立可接受的精浆UA检测方法。精子形态学、活动率及a＋b级精子百分率可能与精浆UA水平高低有关。     

Sympathetic skin response in patients with myasthenia gravis★ A comparative analysis

BACKGROUND: The examination of sympathetic skin response is an important index for assessing the autonomic nerve function, and patients with myasthenia gravis are always accompanied by dysautonomia. Therefore, it will be important to know whether sympathetic skin response can be used as the index for the clinical evaluation of myasthenia gravis. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the diagnostic value of sympathetic skin response in the damage of autonomic nerve function of patients with myasthenia gravis. DESIGN: A case-controlled comparative observation. SETTING: Department of Neurology and Room of Nerve Electromyogram, the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College. PARTICIPANTS: Thirty outpatients or inpatients with myasthenia gravis were selected from the Department of Neurology, the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College from May 2006 to May 2007, including 9 males and 21 females, aged 8–72 years with a mean age of (28±5) years old. They were all accorded with the diagnostic standards of myasthenia gravis, accompanied by different severity of autonomic nerve symptoms, including poor skin nutrition, sweating of hands and feet, pyknocardia, persistent hypotension, abdominal pain, constipation, etc. They all had not taken any drug affecting the autonomic nerve function before the examination. Informed consents were obtained from all the patients. Meanwhile, 30 healthy physical examinees were enrolled as the normal control group, including 10 males and 20 females, aged 10–75 years with a mean age of (31±5) years old. Approval was obtained from the hospital ethic committee. METHODS: After admission, the patients were examined with sympathetic skin response using DANTEC keypoint 2.0 electromyography evoked potential apparatus (Danmark). The changes of the latency and wave amplitude of sympathetic skin response were observed. The subjects in the normal control group were examined with the same methods at physical examination. Abnormality was judged by the disappearance of wave form, latency longer than that in the normal control group by Mean±2.5SD, or wave amplitude lower than the average value in the normal control group by 50%. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The results of the latency and wave amplitude of sympathetic skin response were compared between the patients with myasthenia gravis and normal controls. RESULTS: All the 30 patients with myasthenia gravis and 30 healthy physical examinees were involved in the final analysis of results. There were no significant differences between the left and right upper and lower limbs in both the myasthenia gravis group and normal control group (P > 0.05). In the myasthenia gravis group, the abnormal rate of sympathetic skin response was 37% (11/30), the latency was prolonged and the wave amplitude was decreased as compared with those in the normal control group, and there were significant differences (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Sympathetic skin response can be used as an electrophysiological index for judging the damages of autonomic nerve function in patients with myasthenia gravis.     

正常脑池段后组脑神经及相关动脉MRI与断层标本解剖的对比研究

目的获得正常人脑池段后组脑神经及相关动脉血管的MRI和断层解剖资料。方法对59名正常体检者进行三维（3D）积极干预稳态（3D-CISS）序列扫描、多平面重组（MPR）成像，其中22名同时行3D-时间飞跃法（TOF）脑干区血管成像。对这些受检者脑池段后组脑神经的走行和神经血管位置关系进行显示，并将脑池段后组脑神经MRI结果与5具尸体脑断层切片、尸体脑3D-CISS结果进行对照分析。结果（1）显示概率：59名正常体检者脑池段舌咽、迷走、副复合体神经在斜横断面、斜矢状面重组图像上分别以100％（118／118）、99％（117／118）的概率清晰显示；舌下神经在斜横断面、斜矢状面重组图像上分别以90％（106／118）、91％（107／118）的概率清晰显示；3D-TOF序列成像不能清晰显示后组脑神经。（2）神经走行显示：59名正常体检者的双侧舌咽、迷走、副复合体神经均从橄榄后沟发出，自上而下依次为舌咽、迷走、副神经；颈静脉孔为舌咽、迷走、副复合体神经出现的标志层面；45％（53／118）的舌咽、迷走、副神经呈分离平行状走行，55％（65／118）三者呈聚拢状走行；舌下神经从延髓前外侧沟出延髓，舌下神经管为舌下神经出现的标志层面。（3）3D-CISS序列MR影像：椎动脉（VA）是显示率较高的动脉，72％（85／118）的VA与后组脑神经无接触；28％（33／118）的VA与后组脑神经接触。（4）将脑池段后组脑神经成像结果与尸体3D-CISSMRI、断层切片标本进行对照，显示良好的对应关系。结论3D-CISS MRI可以清晰显示脑池段后组脑神经及相关动脉血管。     

鼠髓样白血病细胞株NFS-60不依赖细胞的克隆

目的构建诱导型表达载体pTKS3-CAT，并转染人表达G-CSF受体的NFS-60不依赖细胞，将粒细胞集落刺激因子（G-CSF）依赖的细胞株鼠髓样白血病细胞株NFS～60，筛选为NFS-60不依赖细胞的克隆。方法在培养体系中加入0．5-10ng/ml浓度的rhG-CSF，培养、传代。结果得到NFS-60不依赖细胞株的克隆，其细胞表面包含G-CSF相应受体，而增殖曲线不依赖于G-CSF因子浓度。结论克隆NFS-60不依赖细胞作为工程细胞用于G-CSF样活性化合物发现的研究。     

产瘫上千损伤（神经膨大）：臂丛神经探查松解切除膨大神经、神经移植术

1临床资料,患儿，女，8个月。因生后右肘右肩运动失灵8个月来院治疗。缘于1997年1月18日出生后右上肢运动完全失灵，1个月后手指伸展开始恢复，6个月后肩肘关节有所恢复。查体：神志清楚，头颈部正常。心率、呼吸正常，心肺听诊未见异常。腹平坦无压痛，肝脾不大，肠鸣音正常。右上肢检查：前推试验阴性。肩关节上举不能，外展外旋中度受限，内收正常。三角肌及冈上肌肌萎缩（＋＋＋～＋＋＋＋），肌力M2^-;肘关节屈曲中度受限，伸正常。肱二头肌肌萎缩（＋＋＋～＋＋＋＋），肱三头肌萎缩（＋～＋＋），肱二头肌肌力M2^-，肱三头肌肌力M4。腕及手的检查：伸腕伸拇略受限，屈指正常，痛觉过敏。     

小隐静脉腓肠神经筋膜蒂逆行岛状皮瓣的临床应用

小腿下段内侧、内外踩及足跟部仅有皮肤覆盖于骨上，无肌肉附着，极易因挫伤、骨折、外固定不当、蚊虫叮咬等致皮肤坏死、感染、缺损、骨外露。我院于2000年8月。2005年3月应用小隐静脉腓肠神经筋膜蒂逆行岛状皮瓣修复小腿内侧及足踝部皮缺损8例，全部顺利成活。现报道如下。