泌尿系统疾病

小剂量多巴胺和多巴酚丁胺对非少尿型肾功能衰竭的影响；氯沙坦与波依定联合治疗慢性肾衰竭并高血压的效果；小剂量肝素和低分子肝素治疗肾病综合征的临床疗效观察；雷公藤多甙联合中草药治疗IgA肾病的病例对照研究；血浆醛固酮、血管紧张素-Ⅱ含量与肾间质纤维化相关性研究。[编者按]     

阴沟杆菌耐药性与超广谱β-内酰胺酶发生率的关系

阴沟杆菌为革兰阴性杆菌，是临床常见的条件致病菌。超广谱β-内酰胺酶（ESBLs）的产生是抗生素药物的过度使用，细菌长期暴露于药物中编码基因发生突变，产生能够对耐青霉素、头孢菌素等抗生素的耐药性。本文报告我院住院病人的下呼吸道感染临床分离菌株的耐药性与产ESBLs情况。     

2种磨牙根管预备方法的成本-效果分析

目的:比较不锈钢K锉常规根管预备(SSPT)法与镍钛机用根管器械逐步深入预备(NRPT)法在磨牙根管治疗中的近期临床效果和成本/效果(C/E)值。方法:入选患者随机分为SSPT法(49例)和NRPT法(45例)2组,记录治疗后不良反应、补救治疗措施和所花费用,评价近期疗效并进行成本-效果分析,用SPSS11.5统计分析软件进行数据统计。结果:NRPT组治疗满意率优于SSPT组(P=0.034),但前者人均治疗成本显著高于后者(P=0.001)。对重度弯曲根管,NRPT组治疗满意率优于SSPT组(P=0.007);前者的C/E值较后者低394.52元;轻中度弯曲根管前者的C/E值较后者高192.04元。根尖正常患者,NRPT组治疗满意率高于SSPT(P=0.012),但前者C/E值比后者高32.32元;而根尖阴影患者NRPT组的C/E值较SSPT组高376.47元。结论:NRPT法的疗效优于SSPT法,但治疗成本较高;对重度弯曲根管患牙,NRPT法可使患者受益;对中轻度弯曲根管患牙,应选用SSPT法。对根尖正常的患者,NRPT法近期疗效更高,而治疗前有根尖病变的患者,SSPT法可节约治疗成本。     

生活方式及心理因素对体外受精-胚胎移植的影响

越来越多的证据表明相同治疗条件下,不孕夫妇的生活方式对体外受精-胚胎移植的成功有重要影响,但其具体作用机制有待进一步研究.体外受精-胚胎移植治疗过程中,不孕夫妇的负性心理影响治疗的成功率,心理干预可有效地提高妊娠率.目前,有关心理因素影响体外受精-胚胎移植成功率的作用机制及更为有效的心理干预措施仍在研究中.     

丁咯地尔治疗椎-基底动脉供血不足200例疗效观察

选择椎-基底动脉供血不足200例，随机分成两组，在一般治疗基础上治疗组加用盐酸丁咯地尔，对照组用盐酸倍他司丁，观察一疗程，结果证明盐酸丁咯地尔疗效明显优于对照组。     

Effect of electro-acupuncture combined with early rehabilitation on motor function and expressions of CD11b/CD18 and tumor necrosis factor-α in patients with acute cerebral infarction

Objective To observe the effect of electro-acupuncture combined with early rehabilitation on the motor function and expressions of the adhesion molecules CD11b and CD18 in the polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMN) and monocytes and serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels in patients with acute cerebral infarction (ACI). Methods A total of 165 ACI patients were randomly divided into control group (group A, n=50), conventional rehabilitation group (group B, n=50) and comprehensive rehabilitation group (group C, n=65). The expressions of CD11b and CD18 in the PMN and monocytes and serum TNF-α levels were determined before and at 1, 2, and 4 weeks after the treatment. Thirty-two healthy subjects were also recruited as the normal control group (group N). The neurological function of the subjects was evaluated by modified Edinburgh-Scandinavia stroke scale (MESSS) and Fugi-Meyer Assessment (FMA), and their activity of daily living (ADL) was assessed using Barthel index (BI). Results The CD11b/CD18 expression in the PMN and MN and serum TNF-α level in groups A, B and C were significantly higher than those in group N before and 1 week after the treatment (P<0.05). CD11b/CD18 expression and serum TNF-α level were significantly lower in groups B and C than in the group A at 1 week after the treatment, and significantly lower in group C than in group B (P<0.05). At 2 weeks of treatment, CD11b/CD18 and TNF-α were significantly lower in groups B and C than in the group A, being the lowest in group C (P<0.05). The scores of mESSS in both groups B and C were lower than that in group A, and the scores were lower in group C than in group B. Group C showed higher FMA scores than group B, both having higher scores than group A. At 4 weeks of treatment, the mESSS scores were significantly lower, hut the FMA and ADL score significantly higher in groups B and C than in the control group (P<0.05), and the differences were more obvious in group C. Groups B and C had greater effective rate than group A (P<0.05), and the rate was the highest in group C (P<0.05). Conclusion Electro-acupuncture combined with early rehabilitation promotes the recovery of motor function in ACI patients probably by regulating the expressions of the adhesion molecules CD11b and CD18 on the PMN and monocytes and the serum levels of TNF-α.     

中药血清药理学研究进展

中药血清药理学是指将中药或中药复方经口给动物灌服一定时间后采集动物血液、分离血清,用此含有药物成分的血清进行体外实验的一种实验技术.本文对中药血清药理学实验动物的选择、动物给药方案、含药血清的处理、含药血清的添加量等方面进行了综述,并分别做出评价,阐明了血清药理学在现代中药,作为中药体外药效研究的重要性.     

曲安奈德PLGA微球对兔上腭部创面瘢痕形成影响的实验研究

目的:探讨曲安奈德PLGA微球对创面瘢痕愈合中瘢痕生成的抑制作用,研究局部应用曲安奈德的最佳给药途径。方法:3组共24只兔的上腭部创面模型,分别应用曲安奈德PLGA微球以及曲安奈德悬浊液,在瘢痕形成不同时间后切取瘢痕标本进行HE、VG染色及酶组织化学染色并电镜观察其组织形态学改变来分析曲安奈德不同给药途径的差异。结果:三组兔上腭创面愈合时间不同,表面颜色、质地不一样。电镜、常规染色以及免疫组织化学染色皆说明曲安奈德PLGA微球有明显的瘢痕抑制作用,且效果高于曲安奈德悬浊液。结论:曲安奈德PLGA微球能抑制瘢痕的增殖过程,使瘢痕组织纤维化过程明显减轻。合并手术一次性给药治疗瘢痕有很好的临床价值。     

接种泡囊-丛枝菌根剂对人参产量的影响

本文报道了三年生人参苗接种泡囊-丛枝菌根剂的试验。结果表明人参对泡囊-丛枝菌根具有较强的依赖性，自然侵染率约为13．1％，接种菌根剂后侵染率提高至35．5％，能显著提高人参植株的存活率，以及产量和单支重。