全髋关节置换术治疗强直性脊柱炎致髋关节强直的疗效及康复锻炼的意义

Objective To investigate the clinical effects of total hip arthroplasty (THA) for bony ankylosis in patients with ankylosing spondylitis and the significance of postoperative rehabilitation. Meth-ods From October 1998 to May 2007, 28 patients (46 hips) suffered from ankylosing spondylitis with hip bony ankylosis underwent THA. There were 27 males, 1 female, with the mean age of 38.9 years (range 22 to 58 years). Posterior lateral hip incision was performed in 34 hips, and modified anterior lateral combined with lateral hip incision in 12 hips. Forty hips applied cementless THA and 6 hips applied mixed THA. Har-ris scores, VAS scores and total hip range of motion in all patients were compared pre-and postoperatively to evaluate the clinical effects. Results All patients were followed up from 10 months to 64 months, with the mean time of 38.2 months. No paralysis, decubitus, and lung infection were found. Joint dislocation hap-pened in 1 case 2 weeks after operation, and was cured with close reduction. Heterotopic bone formation with Brooker Ⅰ was found in 6 hips and Brooker Ⅱ in 2 hips. Harris score increased from 28.3±10.3 preop-eratively to 82.7±7.6 postoperatively. VAS score changed from 3.5±1.4 preoperatively to 3.8±1.8 postopera-tively, and no significance was found. The hip movement range increased from 15.6°±9.3° preoperatively to 133.7°±17.6° postoperatively. Bony ankylosis in all patients disappeared and the hip function improved sig-nificantly after operation. Conclusion THA is the optimal method to treat the ankylosing spondylitis with hip bony ankylosis. Early rehabilitation is necessary to improve hip function.     

神经肽Y在中枢神经系统疾病患儿血浆和脑脊液中的变化与意义

近年来神经生物学领域的一个重大突破是神经肽的研究取得的进展。神经肽Y（neuropeptide Y，NPY）是新发现的一种神经肽，具有调节血压、生物节律和内分泌功能等多种生物效应。有关小儿中枢神经系统疾病患儿脑脊液中NPY的变化研究尚少。为探讨NPY在中枢神经系统疾病患儿脑脊液中的变化与临床意义，笔者对26例中枢神经系统疾病患儿不同时期的脑脊液和血浆NPY水平进行了研究。     

腹腔镜辅助下的腹主动脉瘤手术与传统手术的对比

腹主动脉瘤传统手术采用开腹人工血管置换，手术创伤大，术后患者恢复慢。随着腹腔镜在腹部外科应用的进展，传统腹主动脉瘤手术已经可以被腹腔镜辅助下完成人工血管置换所替代。此外，腹主动脉瘤腔内隔绝术部分并发症也能用腹腔镜辅助方式得到解决，现就该技术的操作、效果以及与传统手术的比较作一综述。     

低颅压综合征1例报告

低颅压综合征并非少见,常被误诊,尤其是当腰穿见到血性脑脊液时,常被诊断为蛛网膜下腔出血,而进行很多不必要的检查,给病人及家属造成过重负担。现将笔者遇到的1例低颅压综合征病例报告如下。1临床资料患者女,40岁。既往健康,无头部外伤史和腰穿史。入院3天前跑步后发生额部疼痛,为持续性疼痛,恶心、呕吐2次,无发热和周身不适;卧床时头痛明显减轻,坐起或站立后头痛很快加重。在厂医院对症治疗不见好转来诊。来诊时查体:意识清楚,血压正常,未查到任何神经系统阳性体征。头颅CT未见异常。腰穿脑脊液:初压为60 mm H2O,脑脊液黄染,常规检查蛋…     

移位的股骨颈骨折手术方法选择与疗效分析

目的比较分析加压空心钉内固定与人工关节置换术治疗中老年移位的股骨颈骨折的适应证与临床疗效。方法1994～2004年分别使用加压空心钉内固定加带血管或肌骨瓣植入术(内固定组43例)和人工髋关节置换术(置换组46例)治疗中老年移位的股骨颈骨折共89例,随访并比较分析疗效及适应证。结果内固定组平均住院天数及手术时间较短,出血量少,与置换组比较差异有显著性意义(P＜0．05)；全部患者获得24～56个月(平均48．5个月)的随访；关节功能评价采用Harris评分,内固定组从术前的平均45．2分提高到术后79．6分,置换组从术前的平均45．2分提高到术后90．4分,两组术后功能差异有显著性意义(P＜0．05)。结论GardenⅢ型的新鲜股骨颈骨折患者(＜65岁)宜首选加压空心钉内固定加带血管或肌骨瓣植入术；年龄相对较大(＞65岁)的GardenⅢ、Ⅳ型患者宜首选人工髋关节置换术。     

18例主动脉置换术后监测治疗的体会

主动脉夹层（aortic dissection,AD）是心血管系统的急症,病情变化快,死亡率极高,未就诊的患者50%于2 d内死亡,70%于7 d内死亡.除内科保守治疗外,外科手术是最主要的治疗手段,关于AD的术后监测治疗资料报道较少,现将我院18例患者术后治疗体会进行总结.     

小切口髋关节置换手术配合体会

目的探讨小切口髋关节置换手术配合经验。方法选择微创手术逐渐成为今后手术发展的主要趋势。近1a以来我院开展了小切口髋关节置换术，与传统髋关节置换手术相比具有切口美观，不切断肌肉，组织损伤小，术后恢复快，体位放置简单，患者痛苦小，以及减轻巡回护士的工作强度等优点。选取患者16例，其中男7例，女9例。分别从术前准备、巡回护士配合和洗手护士配合三方面总结了配合体会。结果手术配合好。结论①手术配合护士应在术前详细了解手术方法及手术步骤，熟悉特殊手术器械的名称及用途，以便能更好的与医生密切配合，完成手术缩短手术时间；②关节置换手术无菌要求严格。     

生物化学和分子生物学检验与临床

060042胶质瘤脑脊液蛋白质指纹图诊断模型的建立及其在临床诊断中的应用；060043传染性非典型肺炎患者血清蛋白质指纹图谱分析；060044肝纤维化和血清标志物联合检测在肝病诊断中的应用；060045特发性肺纤维化患者血清Ⅲ型前胶原和层粘连蛋白测定的临床意义.