p150glued缺失对神经元中Rab蛋白表达水平的影响

目的探讨家族性运动神经元病致病基因DCTN1编码的p150glued蛋白缺失对于原代培养的皮质神经元细胞活性及Rab蛋白表达的影响。方法以野生型(WT)和p150glued缺失(p150glued KO)新生小鼠为细胞来源,体外培养皮质神经元7d和14d后,分别利用MTT法和Western blot法检测皮质神经元存活率以及Rab蛋白家族成分表达水平。结果与WT小鼠皮质神经元相比,p150glued KO小鼠皮质神经元在体外培养7d和14d时,细胞活力无明显差异,14d时Rab4、Rab5、Rab9、Rab11、Rab24蛋白表达水平未发生显著变化,而Rab7蛋白表达水平显著降低(P0.001)。结论 p150glued缺失对原代皮质神经元存活以及调控囊泡运输的Rab蛋白家族中Rab4、Rab5、Rab9、Rab11、Rab24的表达水平无明显影响,但特异性减弱晚期内体标志物Rab7蛋白的表达,可阻碍胞内溶酶体降解通路。     

经鼻高流量氧气湿化治疗老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重合并呼吸衰竭的可行性研究

ObjectiveTo investigate the feasibility of transnasal heated humidified high flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy (HFNC) in the treatment of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) with respiratory failure in elderly patients. MethodsA total of 176 elderly patients with AECOPD complicated with respiratory failure who were hospitalized at Peking University Shougang Hospital from December 2016 to January 2022 were enrolled, including 82 patients in an HFNC group and 94 patients in an NPPV group. After treatment, pulse oxygen saturation (SPO₂), arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO₂), oxygenation index (OI), respiratory rate (RR), heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), comfort score, discharge rate, rate of endotracheal intubation, rate of transfer to intensive care unit (ICU), and mortality were compared between the two groups. The independent sample t-test was used for comparison between the two groups. Statistical data are expressed in percentage or number of cases and the χ² test was used for their comparisons. ResultsThe SPO₂ values at 30 min, 1 h, and 6 h were significantly higher in the HFNC group than in the NPPV group (t=-2.049,-2.618, and -3.314, P=0.043, 0.010, and 0.001, respectively). SPO₂ before discharge was significantly lower than that of the NPPV group (t=2.162, P=0.033), but OI at each time point and before discharge had no statistical significance (P＞0.05). MAP at 6 h was significantly higher in the HFNC group than in the NPPV group (t=-2.209, P=0.029), but within the normal range. HRs at 2 h and 3 h in the HFNC group were significantly higher than those of the NPPV group (t=-2.199 and -2.336, P=0.030 and 0.021, respectively). There were no significant differences in RR, HR, or MAP between the two groups at other time points and before discharge (P＞0.05). There was no significant difference in PaCO2 between the two groups (P＞0.05). Comfort score in the HFNC group was significantly higher than that of the NPPV group (t=-46.807, P＜0.001). There were no significant differences in discharge rate, ICU transfer rate, endotracheal intubation rate, and mortality between the two groups (P＞0.05). ConclusionHFNC is as effective as NPPV in treating elderly patients with AECOPD complicated with type Ⅰ or mild type Ⅱ respiratory failure, and HFNC is more comfortable than NPPV.     

肝细胞癌TACE术后病灶存活或复发18F-FDGPET/CT和增强CT诊断价值Meta分析

目的采用Meta分析方法评价¹⁸F-脱氧葡萄糖正电子发射计算机体层摄影(¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT)和增强CT(CECT)诊断经导管肝动脉化疗栓塞术(TACE)术后存活或复发病灶的临床价值。方法根据PRISMA报告规范开展Meta分析。检索PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library、Web of Science、中国知网、万方和维普数据库中¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT和CECT诊断TACE术后存活或复发病灶的临床研究,时间至2019-04。由2位研究人员独立筛选文献、提取资料,根据诊断准确性研究质量评价工具-2(QUADAS-2)评价纳入研究的偏倚风险后,采用Stata 12.0软件进行Meta分析,计算其汇总敏感度(Sen)和特异度(Spe),绘制受试者工作特征曲线(SROC)并计算曲线下面积(AUC)。结果共纳入10篇¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT及13篇CECT诊断TACE术后存活或复发病灶的原始研究,分别包括322例患者的467个病灶和748例患者的943个病灶。Meta分析显示,¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT诊断TACE术后存活或复发病灶的Sen=0.92(95%CI为0.87~0.94)、Spe=0.95(95%CI为0.82~0.99)、AUC=0.97(95%CI为0.93~0.99);CECT诊断TACE术后存活或复发病灶的Sen=0.72(95%CI为0.66~0.78)、Spe=0.99(95%CI为0.93~1.00)、AUC=0.87(95%CI为0.83~0.89)。此外,CECT诊断TACE术后存活或复发Sen(Z=2.34,P=0.02)和AUC(Z=2.21,P=0.03)值低于¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT,差异有统计学意义。结论相比于CECT,¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT对TACE术后存活或复发病灶具有较高诊断效能,可视为TACE术后存活或复发病灶有效的影像学诊断方法。     

丙酸氟替卡松联合克拉霉素用于慢性鼻-鼻窦炎伴鼻息肉患者术后的临床疗效

目的探究丙酸氟替卡松联合克拉霉素用于慢性鼻-鼻窦炎伴鼻息肉(chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyp,CRSw NP患者术后的临床疗效。方法选取2016年8月至2018年1月本院收治的采用鼻内镜手术治疗的CRSwNP患者106例为研究对象,按照信封法将入选患者分为观察组和对照组,每组各53例。对照组患者术后采用丙酸氟替卡松喷鼻治疗,观察组患者在此基础上联合克拉霉素治疗。比较两组患者手术前后Lund-Kennedy评分、Lund-Mackay评分、鼻部症状评分、鼻黏膜上皮化情况、复发情况、疗效和不良反应发生情况。结果观察组患者治愈率显著高于对照组(P <0.05),治疗总有效率比较差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05);两组患者术后1个月和3个月Lund-Kennedy评分、Lund-Mackay评分和鼻部症状评分均显著低于本组术前(均P <0.05),且观察组患者术后1个月和3个月以上指标评分均显著低于同期对照组(均P <0.05);术后3个月,观察组患者鼻腔黏膜上皮化比率显著高于对照组(P <0.05),总体上皮化时间显著短于对照组(P <0.05);两组患者术后复发率和不良反应发生率比较差异均无统计学意义(均P> 0.05)。结论丙酸氟替卡松联合克拉霉素可显著改善CRSwNP患者术后临床症状,促进鼻腔黏膜恢复,安全性较好。