如何避免激光术后常见并发症

据一位经验丰富的激光外科医师说,通常所认为激光能够毫无损伤去除毛发、文身和胎记的观念是错误和有害的. C.B. Zachary医师是旧金山加利福尼亚大学皮肤外科和激光中心的临床教授和主任,他认为在医疗机构中,激光只能由经验丰富的护士和技师在皮肤科医师或其他经过相应训练的内科医师监督下实施.     

指固有动脉串联皮瓣修复右食指多处皮肤坏死1例

患者男性，28岁，因电锯伤右手1h于2006年2月10日急诊入院，术前检查：右食指自远侧指间关节处完全离断，创面不整齐，离断指体挫伤较重，入院诊断：右食指完全离断。急诊在臂丛神经麻醉下行右食指清创再植术，吻接动、静脉，修复双侧指神经。术后常规“三抗”治疗。术后血运好。术后第7d出现血管危象，给予相应处理。术后12d右食指末节指腹及中节指背皮肤部分坏死。术后第39d在臂丛神经麻醉下行右食指坏死组织清除、中指桡侧指固有动脉串联皮瓣修复术。术后皮瓣存活，术后10d痊愈出院。     

308例肛裂手术治疗三种术式的临床对比

对治疗肛裂的主要术式：肛侧位闭式切扩术，后正中切扩术，侧位内括约肌挑出切扩术进行疗效比较，认为肛门侧位内括约肌挑出切断扩肛术具有疗效好、愈合时间短、痛苦小、并发症少、操作简便等优点，为治疗肛裂的首选术式。     

艾易舒注射液联合介入治疗中晚期肝癌36例疗效分析

目的观察艾易舒注射液联合介入治疗中晚期肝癌的疗效及不良反应。方法将72例中晚期肝癌随机分成治疗组36例和对照组36例,治疗组:艾易舒注射液0.5mg/d、静滴、d1-14,于第3天行介入治疗,术中动脉注射艾易舒注射液0.5mg。对照组单纯行介入治疗。2～3周期为一疗程,观察疗效和不良反应。结果治疗组总有效率48.5%(CR PR),中位生存期12个月,18个月生存率34.3%,24个月生存率为14.3%,生存质量提高率60%。对照组总有效率33.5%(CR PR),中位生存期8.9个月,18个月生存率12.1%,24个月生存率为0,生活质量提高率27.2%。结论艾易舒注射液联合介入治疗中晚期肝癌,可提高生活质量,延长中位生存期,提高长期生存率,值得进一步探讨。     

改良引流法用于肛肠术后的临床观察

目的 :评价改良引流法用于肛肠术后的临床价值。方法 :用半随机方法将 10 0例患者分为观察组和对照组 ,各 5 0例 ,对肛肠术后患者切口分别采用传统引流法和改良引流法 ,比较术后出现的并发症及并发症出现的平均时间。结果 :观察组术后并发症和并发症出现的时间少于对照组 (P <0 0 5 )。结论 :改良引流法能减轻患者痛苦 ,疗效好 ,并发症少。     

外剥、内扎硬化注射术治疗混和痔800例

目的观察和评价外剥、内扎硬化注射术治疗混合痔的近期疗效.方法作者采用外剥、内扎硬化注射术治疗混和痔800例.结果近期治愈788例,治愈率98.5%,好转12例,好转率1.5%.治愈天数10～21天.结论外剥、内扎硬化注射术治疗混合痔简单实用,手术时间短,术后痛苦小,伤面愈合快,并发症少,无后遗症,复发率低,是治疗混合痔的较好方法.     

表达谱基因芯片筛选体外循环前后心肌细胞因子的变化

Objestive Systemic inflarmmation may be triggered by injury, hypothermia, ischemia-reperfusion and the contact of the blood with foreign body during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). To determine the application values of gene chip technique in the clinical practice and the study of cardiovascular stagery, as well as to provide clues to the study of inflammatory responess during CPB, microarry for gene expression profiles was used to identify the differences in the gene expression of myocardium between pre-and post- CPB. Methods Six adult patients who underwent CPB from March to May in 2003 were involved. Samples of right atrium were col- lected before and at immediate end of CPB. BD AtlasTM cDNA Expression Arrays was used to identify the differences in the gene ex- pression of cytokines. The results were compared with that of semi-quantative RT-PCR. Resellts The mean age of 6 patients (5 males and 1 female) was (32.67± 11.72) years. The baseline heart function was gradeⅡin 3 cases and grade Ⅲ in 3 other cases. The baseline left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)was (58.17±7.91)%. The mere duration was (91.67±43.88) minutes for CPB and was (58.67±43.46) minutes for aorta blocking. The minimum nasopharynx/rectal temperture was (29.37±1.90)℃/ (32.15±1.52)℃. Gene expression profiles of cytokines in the myocardium pre- and post-CPB were analysed successfully. The ex- pression of IL-6, IFN-γ,Wnt5a, TNFRSF1B, a member of tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, PIGF and MFNG in the myo- cardium were unpregulated after CPB. Conclusion Microarray technique is applicable in the study of cytokines changes dying CPB. cDNA microarray identified pleliminarily the differences in the gene expression between pre- and post-CPB. These genes may be in- valved in inflammation and other psthophysiological responses incuced by CPB. The myocardiym is probably one of the major sources of cytokines during CPB. Further study may be helpful in understanding the llngthe development of inflammation during CPB, and eventually, reducing the post-operative complications.     

剖宫产术后并发下肢静脉栓塞的护理及预防

通过对20例剖宫产术后并发下肢静脉栓塞病人的观察,分析了发生静脉栓塞的原因,提出了相应的护理、观察、预防等一系列措施.     

老年人股骨颈骨折术后并发症的预防护理

压疮、肺部感染、泌尿系统感染、深静脉栓塞是骨科术后常见并发症,尤其高龄患者,体质弱,各种脏器机能减退,上述并发症发病率高.做好术后护理直接影响手术的成功率,正确及时地护理能有效地预防或减少上述并发症发生.2003年1月至2006年9月,对我院骨科收治的80例老年人股骨颈骨折术后进行精心护理,效果满意,现将护理体会报道如下.     

四肢骨折小夹板固定术后的护理

四肢骨折是临床常见的一种损伤。应用小夹板固定治疗四肢骨折是临床常用的一种治疗方法，其方法简单、取材方便、固定可靠、效果理想。在配合医生实施小夹板固定的术后护理，有效的保证了治疗效果。