转感性流感病毒载体的研究现状和应用前景

所有人几乎在一生中要受到数次甚至数百次流感病毒的袭击，因此流感病毒常常使人恐慌。然而，人们通过逆遗传技术可以改变它的性质，制造出有利于人类的特殊的流感病毒，即转感性流感病毒。本文综述了转感性流感病毒载体的研究现状和应用前景。     

寰枢椎椎弓根钉固定治疗伸直型齿状突骨折合并寰枢关节半脱位

Objective To explore the clinical outcome of atlantoaxial pedicle screw instrument in treatment of extension-type odontoid fracture combined with aflantoaxial subluxation. Methods From December 2002 to December 2006, seven patients with extension-type odontoid fracture combined with at-lantoaxial subluxation were reduced and fixed with atlantoaxial pedicle screw instrument of Vertex system under general anesthesia. There were five males and two females, at mean age of 39.2 years (range 21-59 years). All odontoid fractures were fresh type Aderson Ⅱ. JOA scores of spinal core function was 8.6-14.9 (average 10.7) preoperatively. The X-ray examination, CT scanning and skull traction were performed in all patients preoperatively. Results There found no severe complications such as injuries of vertebral artery, nerve root and spinal cord postoperatively. All patients obtained complete reduction and healing of the fracture and dislocation. The mean off-bed time was four days (3-6 days) after opera-tion. A follow-up for 12-36 months (average 22 months) in all patients showed that the clinical symptom was improved significantly six months postoperatively and that all screws were in proper position verified by X-ray and CT scanning. All patients obtained solid bony union on radiographs, with no loosing or breakage of instrument. The postoperative JOA scores was 13.5-16.9 (average 15.8). Conclusions Allantoaxial pedicle screw fixation has advantages of intraoperative reduction, reliable fixation and high fusion rate and can be used as an effective method for extension-type odontoid fracture combined with at-lantoaxial subluxation.     

风心病房颤瓣膜术后的转复——21例临床分析

本文分析21例风湿性瓣膜病心房纤颤于手术后的转复治疗效果,指出在心瓣膜手术后转复房颤有成功率高、窦律维持时间长的效果。而术前左房大小、房颤持续时间长短和术后心功能改善程度等都直接影响转复成功与否及窦律维持期限。此外对单用电击转复和电击前采用预备药乙胺碘呋酮这两种方法进行了初步比较。     

按护理程序对转换型癔症患儿的护理

<正> 癔症又称歇斯底里,是由急性心理因素所引起的临床疾病。儿童癔症的临床表现与成人有所不同,多以运动、感觉障碍或躯体症状为主,称为转换型癔症。笔者运用护理程序对转换型癔症患儿实施身心护理,获得了较单纯暗示治疗更为满意的效果,现将其中的2例典型病例报告如下。     

椎－基底动脉TIA的BAEP转颈试验研究

本文对５０例椎－基底动脉－过性脑缺血发作（ＶＢ·ＴＩＡ）患者于发作间歇期进行了脑干听觉诱发电位（ＢＡＥＰ）转颈试验的研究。结果表明：ＢＡＥＰ转颈试验后，ＶＢ·ＴＩＡ患者的ＢＡＥＰ异常率，由转颈前的４８％显著地增高到８０％（Ｐ＜０．００５）。其ＢＡＥＰ异常主要表现为ＰＬⅠ、ＰＬⅤ、ＩＰＬⅢ～Ⅴ的延长。相比之下，对照组转颈前后ＢＡＥＰ变化无显著性（Ｐ＞０．０５）。由此提示血液动力学因素在本病的发病机制中起着极为重要的作用。     

老年人心房纤颤100例药物转律体会

<正> 笔者回顾总结了我院及北京医科大学第二临床学院老年病科1989年～1995年间收治的60岁以上老年人心房纤颤100例,并对其进行了分析。现报 告如下。 1 资料及方法 1989年～1995年间,我院及北京医科大学第二临床学院老年病学科确诊收治老年性心房纤颤病人共100例,根据药物转律结果分为3组,其它治疗药物不计在内。第1组共34例,口服乙胺碘呋酮片,0.2～0.4g/次,3次/日,维持量为0.1～0.2g/次,2～3次/日。第2组共34例,用西地兰静脉滴注,0.4～0.8mg/次,用地戈辛片口服维持,0.25mg/次,2次/日。第3组口服异搏定片40～80mg/次,3次/日,维持量40mg/次,共32例。三组患者从开始用药到第6     

枢丹加地塞米松治疗化疗所致急性与迟发性恶心、呕吐反应疗效观察

化疗所致恶心、呕吐被肿瘤患者视为最难忍受的副作用。随着近年来联合化疗的进展,肿瘤患者生存率提高,同时也增加了化疗药物的催吐强度。中国宁波天衡制药厂研制的国家二类新药枢丹是一种高选择性5—HT_3受体拮抗剂,高效、低毒的新型止吐药。我科自1995.8~1997.5对68例恶性肿瘤患者化疗同时应用枢丹的疗效观察,结果表明:枢丹加地塞米松可进一步加强化疗24小时内的抗呕吐疗效,枢丹维持疗法能有效地预防迟发性恶心、呕吐。     

CT球管两例罕见故障维修

CT球管故障原因复杂多样．按故障部位可大致分为管芯、管套和散热器故障。而管芯故障以真空度下降，管芯内打火，灯丝开路或半开路。玻璃管壳破碎，旋转阳极不转，X线量不足为主；管套故障则以管套内打火和管套内漏油为主：散热器故障以风扇、油泵损坏和过滤阻塞为主。笔者在长期大量的维修实践中．将自己遇到的两例少见故障分析如下．供同行们参考。