^18F—FDG标准摄取值在判断肿瘤预后中的作用

^18F-FDG-PET在肿瘤临床中的应用越来越广泛，其标准摄取值(SUV)与肿瘤预后有一定相关性。有望作为判断肿瘤预后的一项独立因素。现介绍SUV相关因素及其在肿瘤治疗前后的变化，综述其在判断肿瘤预后中的指导作用。     

测量颈椎管矢状径与横径之比应用价值

颈椎病是中老年人多发病,脊髓型发生率78%,常用的诊断方法是X线平片,主要判断是否椎管狭窄来确诊。以往的直接测量法易受摄片几何学误差影响。我们对80例脊髓型颈椎病患者和80例正常人颈椎片测量C4～C6颈椎管矢径、横径及两者比值,探讨其应用价值。1资料与方法1.1一般情况:在30     

多层螺旋CT在鉴别孤立性肺结节中恶性肿瘤的评价

严格意义上讲,孤立性肺结节（solitary pulmo-nary nodule,SPN）是指全肺内唯一的2～30 mm边界清楚的类圆形病灶.但在实际工作和本文叙述中,将呈毛刺状轮廓的孤立病灶也包括在内.在所有SPN中,恶性肿瘤约占40%,良性病变约占60%.但这种比例会受普查人群中肉芽肿性疾病的地方特性和受检人群以及检查方法的影响.就年龄而言,＜35岁患者SPN的恶性肿瘤可能性只占1%～3%,40岁患者良、恶性的概率几乎各占50%.     

PET/CT在评价及观察大鼠肺癌放疗效果中的应用

Objective The aim of this study was to understand the role of PET/CT in monitoring the therapeutic effect of radiotherapy (RT) on lung cancer with Wistar rats. Methods Thirty Wistar in-bred strain rats (6-8 weeks, weighed 180-280 g, female, ordinary) were made into Lewis pulmonary tumor model rats. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT was performed when tumor reached 1.5-2.0 cm in greatest diameter (4-6 weeks) as a baseline. In order to get the optimal time point of PET/CT for moni-toring RT effect in rat cancer model, PET/CT was performed at the 3rd day, 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th week after giving single dose of 5 Gy to each rat. Standardized uptake values (SUV) from FDG PET were measured and rats were sacrificed at different time point for validation. Besides, the expressions of glucose transport1 (Glut1) in tumor tissue were studied using immunohistochemistry. The level of tumor cell apoptosis, degra-dation, and necrosis were observed. SPSS 11.0 software was used for data analyses. Results A negative correlation of SUV uptake and time after RT and negative correlation of Glut1 expression and time after RT were observed in rat tumors, respectively. Positive correlation of SUV uptake and Glut1 expression in rat tumors was observed (Spearman rank correlation test, rs = 0.97, P < 0.01). Before RT, the SUV in rat tumor was 1.28 ± 0.31 and was decrease to 1. 00 ± 0.23 at the 3rd day and 0.18 ± 0. 10 at the 4th week after RT (F=15. 126, P<0.05). Before RT, the Glut1 in rat tumor was 0.2558 ±0.03 and was decrease to 0. 2320 ± 0. 01 at the 3rd day and 0. 1320±0.04 at the 4th week after RT. The amounts of tumor cell apopto-sis, degradation, and necrosis increased with time after RT. Conclusion Though FDG PET could monitor the therapeutic effect at the 3rd day after giving single dose of RT to rat lung tumor model, the optimal time was the the 4th week after treatment.     

煤矿末节指骨粉碎性骨折196例临床报导

末节指骨骨折在矿山劳动的伤害中所占四肢所有骨折总数约60～70%,而常常又需及时正确的处理,如果处理不正确,会给患者带来新的痛苦和未来生活质量的下降,如果处理恰当,能给患者保留或多保留其应有的功能,我院从2003年以来收治196例末节指骨粉碎性骨折的患者以各种不同的方法及时正确的治疗,挽救了大部分患者手的功能,现报导如下:     

GE16排螺旋CT血管成像诊断主动脉夹层的临床应用

目的：探讨多层螺旋CT血管成像技术（MSCTA）诊断主动脉夹层的临床应用价值。方法：18例夹层动脉瘤患者均进行了多层螺旋CT（MSCCT）胸腹联合平扫及增强扫描，并将原始数据在ADW工作站进行多平面重建（MPR）、仿真内镜（VE）、阴影表面显示（SSD）、最大密度投影（MIP）及容积处理（VR）等后处理。结果：18例均很好地显示了主动脉全程及其分支，对主动脉夹层的破口位置、分型、累及范围、真假腔、内膜片及夹层的旋转方向、血栓的形成得到满意显示。结论：MSCTA是诊断主动脉夹层准确、快捷、有效的首选检查方法，具有较高的临床应用价值。     

腹股沟疝无张力修补75例治疗体会

腹股沟疝分为斜疝和直疝,以男性患者占大多数,男女发病率之比为15:1,其中斜疝约占全部腹股沟疝患者的85%～95%[1].传统手术治疗腹股沟疝方式为疝囊高位结扎术和疝修补术,自上世纪90年代以来逐步开展了应用补片的无张力疝修补术.我院自2002年起开始应用补片行腹股沟疝无张力修补术,至2008年12月已进行75例,手术效果良好,现将治疗体会介绍如下.     

CT对急性坏死性胰腺炎的诊断和预后评价

目的探求CT对急性坏死性胰腺炎的诊断及预后的关系。方法回顾性分析符合急性坏死性胰腺炎15例患者并做CT扫描,其中10例增强扫描。结果胰腺呈局限性肿胀者9例,普遍性肿胀者6例,胰腺实质内见到点状低密度灶5例,片状低密度影10例,其中4例同时有小片状高密度出血影;10例增强扫描中,低密度坏死灶与正常胰腺有明显的对比。胰腺周围有大量渗出和3例形成假囊性肿物,1例形成＂气泡＂样脓肿。结论CT征象不仅能对急性坏死胰腺炎做出正确诊断,同时对预后的评价都有重要的指导意义。     

平片法无张力疝修补术治疗腹股沟疝65例临床分析

目的:探讨无张力疝修补术治疗腹股沟疝的临床疗效。方法:应用无张力疝修补术治疗腹股沟疝65例。结果:应用无张力疝修补术治疗腹股沟疝术中损伤小,术后疼痛轻,并发症少,恢复快,随访1~3年无复发病例。结论:无张力疝修补效果优越,是治疗腹股沟的好方法,值得临床推广。