何谓“超级细菌”

<正>最近在印度、日本、巴基斯坦等国家出现的耐药性"超级细菌",目前全球已有200余人被感染。何谓"超级细菌"?超级细菌是一种耐药性细菌,这种超级细菌能在人身上造成浓疮和毒疱,甚至逐渐让人的肌肉坏死。更可怕的     

“超级细菌”的研究现状与思考

2010年8月11日英国《柳叶刀感染病》杂志发表了一篇《新型耐药机制在印度、巴基斯坦以及英国的出现：分子、生化、流行病学研究》的论文，     

PBL在巴基斯坦医学留学生泌尿外科见习教学中的应用体会

巴基斯坦医学留学生教育已成为中国高等医学教育的重要组成部分,我们在泌尿外科临床见习中针对巴基斯坦留学生及泌尿外科专业鲜明的自身特点,采用以问题为基础的学习教学模式(PBL),强调以问题为中心,调动学生的积极性,取得了良好的教学效果.     

在亚太地区经济差异扩大

根据UNICEF的“亚太儿童2008年”报告,在亚洲和太平洋地区包括37个国家,贫富差异正在扩大。巴基斯坦男孩似乎比女孩的免疫接种率要高,而且能得到较好的保健,而在印度每3名妇女中就有1人体重过低。报告强调需要重申反对歧视妇女和女孩,作为改善儿童和妇女健康全部政策的一部分。在孟加拉,孕产妇死亡比例是每10万活产死亡数为570,相比之下印度为450,巴基斯坦为320。在孟加拉仅有13％的孕产妇能得到技术熟练的接生护理人员的监护,     

Clinical presentation and genotype of hepatitis delta in Karachi

AIM: To assess the clinical presentation and genotypes of delta hepatitis in local population. METHODS: In this prospective study, 39 consecutive patients who were positive for HBsAg and hepatitis D virus (HDV) antibody were included. The patients were divided in two groups on the basis of presence or absence of HDV RNA and a comparative study was done. Genotype of HDV was determined in PCR positive patients. RESULTS: Overall there is male dominance, in which 34 patients out of 39 (87.2%) were male. Twenty (51%) patients were from the adjacent areas of three provinces; Sindh, Punjab and Balochistan indicating the higher prevalence of delta hepatitis in this mid region of Pakistan. Patients of all age groups were affected with delta hepatitis (median 31.5 years, range 12-75). HDV RNA was detectable in 23 patients (59%). All the HDV strains belonged to genotypeⅠ. HBV DNA was detectable only in 3 cases who were also HBeAg and HDV RNA positive. Patients with detectable HDV RNA were younger than patients with undetectable RNA; mean age 29.7 ± 12.8 years vs 36.8 ± 15.2. There were no statistically significant differences in the clinical presentation and routine biochemical profile of patients with detectable or undetectable HDV RNA. Clinical cirrhosis was present in 19 (49%) patients; 12 with detectable RNA and 7 with undetectable HDV RNA (P = 0.748). Decompensated disease was seen in eight patients; five and three respectively from each group. Four patients with undetectable RNA and two patients with detectable RNA had normal ALT and ultrasound abdomen. CONCLUSION: HDV may infect at any age, usuallyyoung adult males. GenotypeⅠ is prevalent. With time some of the patients become HDV RNA negative or asymptomatic carrier. Most of the patients have suppressed HBV DNA replication. Significant numbers of patients have cirrhosis.     

2008年全球阻断脊髓灰质炎野病毒传播的进展

自从1988年倡议全球消灭脊髓灰质炎（脊灰）以来,脊灰报告病例数从每年约35万例减少到2008年的1655例。II型脊灰野病毒（Wild Poliovirus,WPVⅡ）病例最后报告时间是1999年10月,除了4个国家（阿富汗、印度、尼日利亚、巴基斯坦）全球已消灭Ⅰ、Ⅲ型WPV（WPVⅠ、WPVⅢ）本土病例。这个报告对以往的报告进行了补充,并对全球消灭脊灰进行了全面的描述。尽管不断努力,脊灰病例还是从2007年的1315例增加到2008年的1655例,增加了26％。     

25个发展中国家政府官员参观考察百奥药业

近日,来自朝鲜、蒙古、印度、巴基斯坦、马来西亚、白俄罗斯等25个发展中国家的官员,在中科院生物物理研究所所地合作处的安排和组织下,来到百奥药业进行参观和考察。公司副总经理万兴中博士热情接待了远道而来客人,并进行了全程陪同。     

Ⅰ型新德里金属β－内酰胺酶（NDM．1）“超级细菌”的暴发暴露当前抗生素滥用危机

2010年8月，Kumarasamy等报道，在印度、巴基斯坦和英国分离出180株带有Ⅰ型新德里金属B．内酰胺酶（New Delhi metallo－β－1actamase1，NDM－1）基因的大肠杆菌和肺炎克雷伯菌，除对替加环素和多黏菌素仍敏感外，几乎对所有抗生素耐药。报告发表后，该类细菌迅速引起世界范围内的广泛关注，媒体称之为“超级细菌”。随后，在美国、加拿大、瑞典、希腊、以色列、荷兰、日本、巴西等国家和我国香港、