印度某些癌症发病率居世界之首

印度第一份癌症分布图显示，印度部分地区胆囊癌、口腔癌、下咽部癌的发病率居世界首位。由印度医学研究委员会绘制的这份分布图还发现，印度南部地区的胃癌和甲状腺癌也居世界之首。     

库拉索芦荟对实验性口腔鳞癌发生影响的初步研究

目的：观察库拉索芦荟对4-NQO诱导的大鼠口腔粘膜鳞癌发生的影响。方法：51只Wistar大鼠，随机分为5组，除对照组（9只，不处理）和丙二醇组（9只，仅涂丙二醇）外，肿瘤组（9只）和高低剂量预防组（各12只）均用0．5％4-NQO涂擦腭粘膜至12周，预防组动物同时灌喂高或低剂量芦荟12周，20周时所有动物同时处死，切取腭粘膜进行病理学评价和免疫组化PCNA检测，结果：肿瘤组癌变率为88．9％，高低剂量预防组癌变率分别为16．7％和25％，统计分析表明，高低剂量预防组癌变率明显低于肿瘤组（P＜0．01），高低剂量预防组问无差异（P＞0．05）；PCNA阳性指数高低剂量预防组明显低于肿瘤组（P＜0．05）。结论：库拉索芦荟对实验性口腔粘膜鳞癌的发生具有一定的预防作用。     

Combined and sequential treatment of oral and maxillofacial malignancies: an evolving concept and clinical protocol

Objective To introduce the concept and rational regimens and present the latest development of combined treatment of oral and maxillofacial malignancies. Data sources The related published literature was searched through the CNKI database and MEDLINE using the terms of oral cancer, oral and maxillofacial malignancies, combined and sequential therapy, multidisciplinary approach. Study selection The available related literature was read and evaluated. Studies that met the inclusion criteria were selected. Results The results show that oral and maxillofacial malignancies diagnosed at an early stages （stages Ⅰ and Ⅱ） can be well treated with surgery alone and/or radiotherapy with optimal outcome, but advanced or recurrent diseases should be treated with rational combined and sequential treatment modalities. The use of concomitant chemoradiotherapy, taxane-containing, three-drug induction regimens and Cetuximab in combination with chemotherapy or radiotherapy demonstrated favorable results in previously untreated patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Conclusions The concept of combined and sequential treatment of advanced oral and maxillofacial malignancies should be widely accepted, and the rational regimen for individual and each type of entity should be determined based on the anatomical site and the patient＇s performance status.     

改正不良习惯 预防口腔肿瘤

从人体肿瘤的发病情况来看,口腔颌面部肿瘤的发病率在我国大概处于全身肿瘤中的第10位,与胃癌、肝癌等其他肿瘤相比发病人数少。但是,由于我国人口多,所以,相对的发病人数绝对值还是较高的。比如舌癌,其发病率是10万个人中有0.5个人左右,目     

五种症状要警惕口腔癌

口腔白斑 口腔白斑的发生与喜吃烫、辣食物等饮食习惯有关。白斑是一种口腔癌癌前病变，一般好发于40岁以上者。白斑转化为癌。主要与局部是否继续受到物理化学刺激有关。因为口腔黏膜白斑的早期症状如口腔黏膜粗糙等并不明显，患者对此不重视，往往不能及时发觉和主动就医，导致口腔癌的发病率升高。因此，喜烫、辣食物者应经常注意自己口腔有无白色的无法祛除的粗糙斑块，若黏膜有粗糙或有异物感或味觉有改变应尽早就医。如有白斑，要经常注意白斑的变化．如白斑周围出现红斑、斑块变硬，甚至有出血、溃疡等现象要特别警惕。     

微波固化治疗在口腔癌中的临床应用--附96例临床总结

背景与目的：微波固化治疗口底癌在保护口腔功能方面的研究较少。本研究旨在探讨微波固化治疗过程中的两种特殊处理方式的意义及出血的预防。方法：回顾性分析经微波固化治疗的96例口腔癌病例,比较清除的固化组织病理学检查阴性组和阳性组生存曲线和复发率,比较手术切缘组织病理学阴性组和阳性组的生存曲线和复发率,分析微波固化的并发症及其防治。结果：固化组织病理学检查阴性组和阳性组生存曲线的差异无统计学意义（Log-rank=0.70,P=0.4033）,原发灶、继发灶和复发灶不明者复发率的差异也无统计学意义（X^2=1.650,0.837,0.003;P=0.684,0.360,0.959）;手术切缘组织病理学阴性组的总体生存时间高于阳性组（Log-rank=6.08,P=0.0136）,但复发率的差异则无统计学意义（X^2=0.327,P=0.567）;96例患者的总体并发症发生率为9.6％,都是可以接受的,微波固化组织清除组的出血发生率较微波固化组织未清除组的低（P=0.013）。结论：舌动脉结扎、固化组织清除、创缘缝扎碘仿纱压迫是防止术后出血的有效方法,但微波固化组织的病理学检查结果对预后没有预测作用。术中宜确保足够的固化治疗范围。微波固化治疗口癌时并发症少且较轻微。     

miR-338-3p通过靶向PPM1B促进口腔癌细胞凋亡

目的 探讨miR-338-3p在口腔鳞状细胞癌(OSCC)中的作用及其调节细胞增殖、迁移和凋亡的机制。方法 以正常口腔组织或成人牙龈成纤维细胞(HGF)作为对照组,RT-qPCR法检测OSCC组织或OSCC细胞(TSCCA,CAL-27,Tb3.1)中miR-338-3p和PPM1B mRNA的表达情况;免疫组化法检测OSCC组织与正常组织PPM1B表达量;过表达miR-338-3p后,MTT法检测OSCC细胞增殖、Annexin V-FITC-PI双染试剂盒检测OSCC的凋亡;Western blot法检测PPM1B与凋亡相关蛋白Bax和Claved-caspase 3、Bcl-2的表达;采用生物信息学软件Target scan网站和荧光素酶检测法探索miR-338-3p和PPM1B潜在的靶向关系。通过敲除和过表达PPM1B探索其对OSCC细胞增殖、迁移和凋亡的影响。结果 OSCC组织和细胞中miR-338-3p表达下调,而PPM1B mRNA与蛋白水平均升高(P<0.05)。过表达miR-338-3p可抑制OSCC细胞的增殖并诱导细胞凋亡(P<0.05)。Western...     

前臂游离皮瓣在修复口腔癌术后缺损中的应用

前臂皮瓣自从杨果凡[1]报道以来,已成为口腔颌面外科最为常用的游离组织瓣,特别在舌、口底、颊、口咽、软腭缺损的修复重建中前臂皮瓣起到很大的作用.本科1995年1月～2006年12月应用前臂桡侧皮瓣游离移植修复口腔癌术后缺损36例,取得满意的效果,现报告如下.……     

顺铂联合虫草素对OC3人口腔癌细胞的诱导凋亡作用

Objective:To evaluate apoptotic effects of cisplatin and cordycepin as single agent or in combination with cytotoxicity in oral cancer cells.Methods:The influences of cisplatin(2.5μg/mL)and/or cordycepin treatment(10 or 100μmol/L)to human OC3 oral cancer cell line were investigated by morphological observation for cell death appearance,methylthiazoletetrazolium(MTT)assay for cell viability,flow cytometry assay for cell apoptosis,and Western blotting for apoptotic protein expressions.Results:Data demonstrated that co-administration of cisplatin(2.5μg/mL)and cordycepin(10 or 100μmol/L)resulted in the enhancement of OC3 cell apoptosis compared to cisplatin or cordycepin alone treatment(24 h),respectively(P0.05).In flow cytometry assay,percentage of cells arrested at subG1 phase with co-treatment of cordycepin and cisplatin(30%)was significantly higher than cisplatin(5%)or cordycepin(12%)alone group(P0.05),confirming a synergistically apoptotic effect of cordycepin and cisplatin.In cellular mechanism study,co-treatment of cordycepin and cisplatin induced more stress-activated protein kinase/Jun terminal kinase(JNK),the expressions of caspase-7,and the cleavage of poly ADP-ribose polymerase(PARP)as compared to cisplatin or cordycepin alone treatment(P0.05).Conclusion:Cisplatin and cordycepin possess synergistically apoptotic effect through the activation of JNK/caspase-7/PARP pathway in human OC3 oral cancer cell line.     

哪些癌症“重男轻女”?

正在肿瘤的领域里,每个人都是癌症的候选人,但值得注意的是男性要比女性脆弱得多。据研究报道,男性死于癌症的可能性要比女性高四成。那为何癌症更爱盯上男人呢?专家表示:与女性相比,男性的生活形态和饮食的习惯更加的不健康;例如:男性抽烟、喝酒是