不同液体术前急性高容量血液稀释对深静脉血栓病人血液流变学的影响

Objective To investigate the effects of acute hypervolemic hemodilution (AHH) with different fluids on blood rheology in patients with deep vein (femoral and iliac) thrombosis. Methods Thirty ASA I or II patients aged 40-64 yr who had developed deep vein thrombosis in 48 h and were scheduled for embolectomy were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n = 10 each) ; group I normal saline (NS) ; group II 6 % HES 200/0.5 ( HES) ; group IE gelofusine (GEL). AHH was performed with normal saline, 6% HES or gelofusine infusion at 20 ml·kg-1 ·h-1 for 40 min. MAP, HR and SpO2 were monitored. Blood loss, volume of blood transfusion and fluid infused and urine output during operation were recorded. Anesthesia was induced with fentanyl 3-5 fig/kg, etomidate 0.15-0.30 mg/kg, propofol 1-2 mg/kg and succinylcholine 1-2 mg/kg and maintained with 2% isoflurane and propofol infusion at 5-8 mg·kg-1·h-1 and intermittent iv boluses of vecuronium. The patients were mechanically ventilated (VT 8 ml/kg, RR 12 bpm). PaO2 and PaCO2 were maintained within normal range. Venous blood samples were obtained before and after AHH for measurement of hematocrit (Hct), whole blood viscocity (WBV) at low or high shear rates, plasma viscosity, RBC aggregation and RBC deformation. RBC aggregation index and RBC deformation index were calculated. Results MAP and HR were stable in all patients. The amount of blood transfusion and fluid infused was significantly less in group HES and GEL than in group NS. The WBV at low or high shear rates in group HES and GEL, Hct in all 3 groups and RBC aggregation index in group HES were significantly decreased after AHH, but the RBC deformation index was significantly increased in group HES. Conclusion Colloid is better than crystalloid and HES is better than gelofusine in improving intraoperative hypercoagulability and sluggish blood flow.     

用荧光原位杂交检测人精子染色体非整倍体方法的建立

用荧光原位杂交检测人精子染色体非整倍体方法的建立郑履康邓丽霞张桥本课题由国家自然科学基金３９４７０６０８与中华医学基金（ＣＭＢ）资助中山医科大学遗传毒理研究室（广州５１００８９）已知非整倍体与流产、畸形及肿瘤的发生均有关系。为此，我们在国外研究基础上...     

下肢深静脉完全胃肠外营养的护理探讨

目的：完全胃肠外营养为不能从胃肠道摄入的各类重病人补充营养物质和治疗。方法：从股静脉或大隐静脉将硅胶送至下腔静脉，利用此管道输注高能营养液。特点：下肢深静脉ＴＰＮ既方便了护理操作，且减轻了患者的恐惧心理。     

热水手浴用于静脉保护50例疗效观察

目的：探讨长期输液病人手部浅静脉的保护。方法：比较对照组热水手浴50例与常规组42例静脉硬化情况。结果：对照组出现静脉硬化例数及程度明显低于常规组，（P＜0．01）。结论：热水手浴在静脉保护方面有一定的作用。     

PSA≤4．0ng／ml美国老年人前列腺癌15％高检出率的问题与思考

上个世纪七十年代末(1979年)，美国人最早报道，前列腺特异性抗原(PSA)被视为是前列腺癌患者疗效评估和随访的一项有用标志物。在一系列根据PSA检查结果决定是否需要做前列腺活检的研究报告发表后，人们认识到可以将PSA值作为筛选前列腺癌的工具。进一步研究的结果使人们达成了一个共识，即PSA≥4．0ng／ml对诊断前列腺癌具有预测价值。其结果是，前列腺癌的检出率大量增加。中国人指出：前列腺癌患者绝对人数的增加，不仅是由于寿命的延长，     

从同份标本中分离出两株不同细菌结果分析

１病原摘要患者徐某，男，２０岁。２００１年９月２５日因外伤后左下腹疼痛，流血伴肠外露３小时后入院，入院诊断为：（１）左下腹壁外伤并肠外露；（２）左下腹股沟皮、腹壁皮肤软组织、肌肉广泛挫裂伤；（３）失血性休克；９月２６日查房时见左侧腹股沟区伤口发出恶臭味，如尸臭，伴有大量淡红色液体渗出恶臭。肌肉变黑、坏死，怀疑为“气性坏疽”；即采集多处创口渗出物送检。经培养鉴定为：（１）人苍白杆菌；（２）枯草芽胞杆菌。２细菌学鉴定２．１细菌分离接标本后严格按需氧菌、厌氧菌操作规程接种血平板及麦康凯平板，厌氧培养４…     

膀胱移植细胞癌新生血管形成的基因分子调控

膀胱移行细胞癌（BTCC）的生长和转移依赖于肿瘤细胞中新生血管网络系统形成，其决定于在行定微环境中某些血管生成诱导因子和抑制因子之间的平衡。本主要对血管生成诱导因子，抑制因子及癌基因的表达水平对BTCC新生血管形成调控做一简述。