急性创伤性膈疝误漏诊的防范

目的：探讨急性创伤性膈疝救治中误漏诊的原因及防范措施。方法：回顾总结9例急性创伤性膈疝的临床资料，重点分析误漏诊率和诊治失误的原因。结果：本组患正确、及时诊断率为22．2％。全组治愈8例，死亡例。结论：造成急性创伤性膈疝误漏诊的危险因素是：1、对本病的警惕性不高；2、对膈疝形成、发展的机制缺乏认识；3、过细的外科分工影响综合抢救质量；4、部分急性开放性膈肌损伤腹部症状体征轻微或缺如。     

脾部分切除术治疗创伤性脾破裂21例临床分析

目的：探讨脾保留性手术在临床中的应用。方法：对21例病人施行了原脾1／3、2／3体积保留性手术，其中脾部分切除术12例，脾胃韧带保留6例，脾膈韧带保留1例，脾结肠韧带保留2例，均为男性病人，年龄18－47岁，平均年龄26岁。结果：全组病例治愈出院，随访3个月－1年，血常规、血小板计数均在正常范围，B超、CT、脾窝内切可见大小不等的正常脾脏组织图像明显增大，可保留原位脾脏的解剖部位符合人体生理机理。结论：脾保留性手术在外伤性碑破裂中应用安全、可行，值得推广。     

创伤性休克病人的早期急救护理体会

目的:讨论在院前和急诊科对创伤性休克病人施行早期急救护理,对挽救病人的生命及伤情预后有重要的意义.方法:对我科1997年2月至2001年4月27例创伤性休克病人进行早期,快速,积极的补液,输血增加有效循环量,监测生命体征等综合性抢救治疗与护理措施.结果:经早期积极急救护理,26例病人收缩压维持在60mmHg以上,意识清醒,脉搏有力,转入手术室或专科治疗,1例病人伤势严重抢救无效死亡.结论:创伤性休克病人,伤势复杂,死亡率高,伤后早期院前与急诊科的有效救护,是提高抢救成功率的关键.     

外踝骨折分型及治疗方式探讨

踝关节骨折在创伤骨科中发病率较高 ,处理不当易造成关节疼痛 ,甚至创伤性关节炎。此多因早期处理中对外踝骨折及下胫腓关节分离认识不足所致［１］。本院按Ｄｅｎｉｓ -Ｗｅｂｅｒ分型［２］治疗外踝骨折 ,取得了较好疗效 ,报告如下。１临床资料１．１一般资料１９９７年８月～１９９９年８月共有外踝骨折患者５３例 ,其中男３２例 ,女２１例。年龄２１～６７岁 ,平均４１岁。致伤原因为 :车祸３０例 ,摔倒扭伤１６例 ,高处坠下７例。就诊时间为伤后１周以内。按Ｄｅｎｉｓ-Ｗｅｂｅｒ分型 :Ａ型１２例 ,Ｂ型２１例 ,Ｃ１型１１例 ,Ｃ２型…     

Changes in T .lymphocyte subsets after severe traumatic brain inJury

BACKGROUND： Besides local changes of cranial parenchymal cells, hemorrhage, etc., severe traumatic brain injuries also cause the changes of total body fluid and various functions, and the changes of lymphocytes and T lymphocyte subsets should be paid more attention to. OBJECTIVE： To reveal the changing laws of T lymphocyte subsets after severe traumatic brain injury, and compare with mild to moderate brain injury. DESIGN： A comparative observation. SETTINGS： Department of Neurosurgery, Longgang District Buji People＇s Hospital of Shenzhen City; Central Laboratory of Shenzhen Hospital of Prevention and Cure for Chronic Disease. PARTICIPANTS： All the subjects were selected from the Department of Neurosurgery, Longgang District Buji People＇s Hospital of Shenzhen City from August 2002 to August 2005. Thirty patients with severe brain injury, whose Glasgow coma score （GCS） was ≤ 8 points, were taken as the experimental group, including 21 males and 9 females, aging 16 - 62 years. Meanwhile, 30 patients with mild traumatic brain injury were taken as the control group （GCS ranged 14- 15 points）, including 18 males and 12 females, aging 15 -58 years. All the subjects were in admission at 6 hours after injury, without disease of major organs before injury Informed consents were obtained from all the patients or their relatives. METHODS： （1） The T lymphocytes and the subsets in peripheral blood were detected with immunofluorescent tricolor flow cytometry at l, 3, 7 and 14 days after injury in both groups. （2） The conditions of pulmonary infections were observed at 4 days after injury. The differences of measurement data were compared with the t test. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Changes of T lymphocytes subsets at 1 - 14 days after severe and mild or moderate traumatic injury. RESULTS： Finally, 28 and 25 patients with mild to moderate traumatic brain injury, whereas 25 and 21 patients with severe traumatic brain injury were analyzed at 7 and 14 days respectively, and the missed ones died due to the development of disease. （1） Changes of T lymphocyte subsets： At 1 and 3 days after injury, CD3, CD4, CD8, CD4/CD8 began to decrease, whereas CD8 increased in the experimental group, which were very significantly different from those in the control group （t =2.77 - 3.26, P 〈 0.01）, and began to recover at 7 days, which were significantly different from those in the control group （t = 2.06 - 2.24, P 〈 0.05）, and generally recovered to the normal levels at 14 days （P 〉 0.05）. （2） Conditions of pulmonary infections： At 4 days after injury, the rate of pulmonary infection was significantly different between the experimental group and control group [73% （22/30）, 0, x2=37.29, P 〈 0.01]. CONCLUSION： Patients with severe traumatic brain injury suffer from damages of cellular immune function at early period （within 7 days）, and they are easily to be accompanied by pulmonary infections.     

慢性间歇期创伤性膈疝1例

患者女性,53岁。不能左侧卧位近1月,下蹲时感腹痛、左侧胸闷1周,遂来我院就诊。既往史:1993年外伤致左肱骨骨折。体检:T:37.2℃,P:86次/min,R:22分/次,BP:120/80mmHg,呼吸稍促,左肺呼吸运动度减弱,胸廓无压痛。左下肺叩诊呈浊音,左下肺呼吸音减弱,右肺呼吸正常。心脏无阳性体征。腹平,无胃肠型及蠕动波,腹软,上腹部轻微压痛,无反跳痛及肌紧张,肝脾肋下未触及,移动浊音阴性,肠鸣音弱。实验室检查:血常规:WBC:10.5×109/L,NCU:62.8%,HGB:42g/L,PLT:147×109/L。影像学检查X线示:胸部后前位左下肺可见斑片状密度增高影,左侧膈面上升,…     

创伤性肾动静脉瘘一例报告

患者,女,30岁。右侧腰背部车祸伤2h于2005年4月16日入院。伤后无血尿。查体：血压120/80mm Hg,右腰背部肿胀,皮下淤血斑约6．0cm×5．0cm。局部触压痛,腹部未见异常。彩超示双肾大小、形态尚可,包膜连续,实质回声均匀,肾窦回声未见分离。右肾窦区可见2．2cm×1．4cm×1．6cm无回声区。彩色多普勒血流图像(CD- FI)右肾窦区可见五彩血流束,下方与右肾动脉相延续,肾门处肾动脉最大流速     

手术治疗创伤性浮膝损伤23例临床分析

浮膝损伤是指同侧肢体的股骨与胫骨骨折引起膝关节的相对漂浮状态，是一种高能量损伤，常见于多发伤患者。我院自1999年10月～2005年2月共手术治疗浮膝损伤23例，报告如下。