老年痴呆、帕金森病和脑梗死患者的记忆损害特征

目的探讨老年痴呆、帕金森氏病和脑梗死患者的记忆损害特征。方法用多维记忆评估量表测试每种患者及与之匹配的对照组各30人。结果AD患者较早出现全面的记忆障碍,内隐记忆(AD组15.1±6.1,对照组19.9±5.6)损害较外显记忆轻(AD组43.2±21.8,对照组77.4±17.7),PD组患者存在着外显记忆(PD组63.7±24.5,对照组78.7±21.1)的损伤,内隐记忆和日常生活记忆基本保持正常,CI组患者因梗死部位不同会引起不同记忆功能的损害,本研究只发现在联想学习、回忆和再认等方面存在轻度的损害。结论老年痴呆、帕金森氏病和脑梗死患者存在不同类型和程度的记忆损害。     

5～12岁儿童内隐和外显记忆的发展特征

外显记忆是指人们对过去经验或已有知识需有意识再现的一类记忆，内隐记忆指人们在操作过程中无意识表现出的对过去经验、已有知识不需有意识提取的另一类记忆形式”。在有关内隐和外显记忆的研究中，多数是在任务分离的框架下进行的，即内隐记忆以间接测验的启动量作为指标，而外显记忆以直接测验如再认和自由同忆分数为指标。由于任务分离法还存在一定的局限性，意识加工可以影响间接测验，     

静吸复合麻醉下吸入麻醉药物脑区分布和记忆变化的脑电非线性分析研究

目的研究围术期吸入麻醉药在脑区的作用分布和对记忆的影响。方法45例患者分为异氟醚组、七氟醚组、地氟醚组(n=15),三种吸入麻醉药的呼末浓度均为1．0MAC。记录围术期近似熵脑电地形图。术后调查患者围术期的记忆情况。结果与术前相比,三组患者术中外显记忆和内隐记忆成绩明显下降,差异有统计学意义,组间比较无差异。异氟醚脑区作用分布为：额叶区、颞叶区→枕叶区、顶叶区→全脑区抑制。七氟醚脑区作用分布为：颞叶区→顶叶区→额叶区→枕叶区→全脑区抑制。地氟醚脑区作用分布为：枕叶区、顶叶区→颞叶区、额叶区→全脑区抑制。吸入药脑区作用消除顺序异氟醚为：顶叶区→额叶区和颞叶区→枕叶区→全脑区兴奋,七氟醚与地氟醚为：额叶区和颞叶区→枕叶区与顶叶区→全脑区兴奋。结论静吸复合麻醉下,吸入麻醉药脑区分布不尽相同,但消除相似。静吸复合麻醉下,吸入麻醉药呼末浓度为1．0MAC时,可以消除患者术中的内隐记忆。     

肥胖儿童对高热量食物的内隐和外显记忆特点

目的:探究不同年龄肥胖儿童对高热量食物记忆偏向在外显记忆和内隐记忆中的特点。方法:根据身体质量指数(BMI)选取肥胖儿童和正常儿童各51例。通过2(热量类型：高热量/中性热量)×2(BMI类型：肥胖/正常)×2(年级：四年级/六年级)的三因素混合实验,使用加工分离法评估内隐记忆和外显记忆。结果:所有儿童对高热量图片的外显记忆得分高于中性热量图片的外显记忆得分(P<0.01)。四年级肥胖儿童和六年级正常儿童对高热量图片的内隐记忆得分均高于对中性热量图片的内隐记忆得分(P<0.05)。结论:肥胖儿童和正常儿童都对高热量食物的外显记忆有偏向;肥胖儿童在四年级对高热量食物存在内隐记忆偏向,但在六年级不存在这种偏向。     

情绪启动对大学生内隐和外显记忆影响的心境一致性记忆效应

Objective To investigate the different effect of positive and negative emotion induced by film clips on explicit and implicit memory,and whether there is mood congruency effect. Methods Thirty participants who were randomly assigned to three experimental groups were investigated. They were exposed in different film clips and then worked on memory task. After each emotional condition,the 5-point Self Assessment Scale was registered , Buchner's processing dissociation corrected model was employed to separate explicit and implicit memory. Results (1) The emotion arousal level of different films is significantly different, the scores of negative film and positive film were more than that of neutral film( (3.24 ± 1.02),(2.85 ± 1.35),(1.12 ± 1.42) , P＜0.01) ; the scores of emotional valence of positive,negative and neutral priming condition were (4. 10 ±0. 20), (3. 60 ± 0.22) and (3.20 ±0. 97), and there was a significant difference between emotion priming conditions (F(2,27) = 46.81, P＜ 0. 01). (2) There was a significant difference among different emotion priming conditions in R (F(2,87) = 30.129, P＜0.05) .and there was no significant difference among different emotion priming conditions in A. (3) In R,there was a main effect in emotional words(F(2,81) = 10.516, P＜0.05) ,the R scores of neutral words were significantly higher than those of negative words(P＜0.01) ,there was a main effect in emotion priming conditions(F (2,81) =10.516, P＜0.05) ,the R scores of positive emotion priming group and neutral emotion priming group were significantly higher than those of negative emotion priming group (P＜0.05). There was an interaction of emotional words and emotion priming conditions(F(4,81) = 10.640, P ＜ 0.01). Under positive emotion priming condition, the R scores of positive and neutral words were significantly higher than those of negative words (P＜0.05);under negative emotion priming condition, the R scores of negative words were significantly higher than those of positive words (P ＜0.05); under neutral emotion priming condition, the R scores of positive and neutral words were significantly higher than those of negative words (P＜0.05). (4) In A, the main effect of emotion priming conditions and emotional words and interaction effect between them were not significant(P＞0.05). Conclusions Explicit memory showed mood congruency memory effect,but implicit memory,neither the positive emotion priming group nor the negative emotion priming group exhibited mood congruency memory effect.     

酒依赖病人内隐和外显记忆的综合研究

记忆测量与记忆形式的研究足认知神经心理学的一个重要课题。本文以直接测量和间接测量评价法。综合研究了中老年酒依赖病人的记忆功能。结果表明:(1)病人内隐记忆无损害,而外显记忆有损害,表现出内隐与外显记忆间的不一致性;(2)项日性与联想性内隐记忆各有不同特点,前者在机械识读的条件下产生效应,而后者表现了语义学习的特点。     

脑外伤记忆康复的新途径--内隐记忆

目的：本研究探讨脑外伤患者内隐记忆和外显记忆,为心理康复训练提供理论依据。方法：用１：１ 配对法对２５ 例脑外伤患者及相应的正常人进行模糊图辨认和再认的记忆测验。结果：与正常对照组相比,脑外伤患者再认成绩明显下降,模糊图辨认成绩无显著差异。结论：脑外伤患者外显记忆受损,内隐记忆存在。     

咪达唑仑与丙泊酚靶控输注对硬膜外麻醉患者内隐记忆的影响

目的探讨硬膜外麻醉辅以持续靶控输注咪达唑仑和丙泊酚消除内隐记忆的作用。方法在硬膜外麻醉下择期下腹部手术的患者60例,ASAⅠ~Ⅱ级。随机分为2组,每组30例,予以咪达唑仑（M组）和丙泊酚（B组）持续靶控输注镇静。分别于入室后麻醉前（T1）、静脉给予镇静药后30 min（T2）、手术结束前15 min（T3）、患者出手术室时（T4）4个时间点记录镇静效果评分（OAA/S）和听觉诱发电位指数（AAI）值。采用加工分离测试方法（PDP）测试2组患者的外显记忆和内隐记忆。结果 2组患者生命体征均平稳。与给药前比较2组患者AAI值OAA/S评分均显著下降（P〈0.05）。2组患者外显记忆均消失。M组患者术中内隐记忆消失,B组患者术中仍有内隐记忆残留。结论硬膜外麻醉辅以咪达唑仑靶控输注能消除患者的内隐记忆。     

脑成像技术揭示内隐记忆存在的证据

脑成像技术在内隐记忆研究中的应用,揭示了内隐记忆的解剖学基础和证据,证实了内隐记忆的存在,对于闸 明意识与记忆的关系以及麻醉期间有无记忆等问题有重要的意义。     

脑成像技术揭示内隐记忆存在的证据

脑成像技术在内隐记忆研究中的应用，揭示了内隐记忆的解剖学基础和证据，证实了内隐记忆的存在，对于阐明意识与记忆的关系以及麻醉期间有无记忆等问题有重要的意义。