格拉司琼复合地塞米松在小儿斜视矫正术抗呕吐疗效的观察

小儿全麻术后常易发生呕吐而引起生理功能紊乱,延长治疗时间,甚至可引起许多严重并发症,如误吸、吸入性肺炎、窒息等.为了尽可能减少呕吐的发生,笔者希望能找到一种疗效好、费用低、副作用小的用药方式.本研究旨在探讨小剂量格拉司琼复合地塞米松抗呕吐的疗效.     

持续负压封闭引流在创伤外科中的应用

目的探讨持续负压封闭引流治疗严重污染创面的疗效。方法使用Vacuseal(威克伤)材料和生物透性薄膜对6例感染严重的创伤部位行持续负压封闭引流。结果5例病人持续负压引流5～7天后，创面经植皮或直接缝合愈合；1例每5—10天更换Vacriseal材料8次后，创腔变浅改为普通换药，7天后愈合。结论持续负压封闭引流不仅具有引流通畅、不易堵塞管腔的优点，而且还能及时清除引流区渗出物和坏死组织，改善局部微循环和促进组织水肿消退，刺激肉芽组织生长，加速创面愈合。     

LC并发症的防治（附14例报告）

目前LC手术已在绝大多数医院胆囊切除术中占据统治地位，手术技巧及方式已日趋成熟，但并发症特别是严重并发症仍时有发生，给患者生活质量及经济不可避免地带来一定的损失，因此如何进一步减少LC并发症的发生及提高治疗效果，显得尤为重要。我院从1997年1月-2004年7月共施行LC 1120例，占同期胆囊切除术的80％，无手术死亡。其中发生较为严重并发症14例，占1．25％。现就并发症的发生及防治加以讨论。     

严重脊柱侧凸矫形患者围术期的舒适护理

对28例严重脊柱侧凸患者行矫形手术，结果手术均获成功，松解术后1周行后路矫形内固定加植骨融合术，术后Cobb角平均为40．8°，侧弯矫正率平均为52．0％。术后随访6～30个月，均无并发症发生。提出在做好脊柱侧凸矫形手术常规护理的同时，加强患者心理、体位、呼吸、镇痛、排便等方面的舒适护理，可增强患者舒适感，为手术获得成功和患者顺利康复提供有力保障。     

类风湿病人的皮肤感染与抗肿瘤坏死因子治疗有关

据Medscape．com 8月16日报道（原载Arthritis Rheum2006：54：2368-2376），对患有严重类风湿病病人的一项研究分析表明，抗肿瘤坏死因子（抗-TNF）治疗所导致的严重感染总体上不高于疾病调整性抗风湿药。（DMARDs）的应用所导致的感染。但抗-TNF制剂确实增加了严重皮肤感染和软组织感染的感染率。     

肺癌患者术后化疗的饮食及护理

联合化疗在非小细胞肺癌的综合治疗中占有重要地位,但其存在严重的毒副反应,以骨髓抑制、消化道反应、脱发为常见,现将观察与护理总结如下.     

Surgical strategy of one stage surgery of anterior release combined with posterior correction in treatment of severe scoliosis

Objective: Severe scoliosis refers to scoliosis with serious and stiff curve. It always combins with trunk imbalance in coronal and sagittal contour. Besides complex pathological changes, cardiopulmonary deficits and other concomitant diseases increase treatmental difficulties. So the treatment of severe scoliosis is always a great challenge to spine surgeon. Methods :Thirty-six patients with severe scoliosis received one stage posterior correction followed by anterior release during July 1997 to January 2003, including 9 males and 27 females. Mean age was 17.2 years. Of them, 33 was idiopathic scoliosis and 3 was neurofibromatosis scoliosis( Cobb angle: 85-116 degree); 20 cases were abnormal in sagital plane. Three-dimensional devised instrumentation were applied such as CD, CD-Horizon, TSRH or Isola in posterior procedure followed by anterior release during the same anesthesia. 31 cases of this group received thorac icplasty. Results: The correction in the frontal plane achieved an average of 48.5%. In the sagittal plane, the pathological shape of the spine was reduced and distinctly ameliorated. 80. 6% of the patients maintained or achieved balance of sagittal plane. There were no complications of severe neurological deficit, hook displacement, rod broken, and deep infection at follow-up. One case occurred traumatic pleurisy after operation and another appeared pseudarthrosis 2 years later. One case demonstrated imbalance 11 months after operation. One patient was presented loss of correction more than 10 degree at one year follow-up and 5.2 degree in average. Conclusion:The study indicates that the one stage posterior correction combined with anterior release in treatment of severe scoliosis can achieve satisfactory correction. Appropriate choice of cases, preoperational detailed assessment and application of SEP and wake-up test during operation can possibly reduce severe complication. The long-term outcomes still need further observation.     

老年人结石性胆囊炎急性发作时腹腔镜手术61例体会

目的探讨老年结石性胆囊炎急性发作时腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)的时机和方法。方法总结分析了61例老年结石性胆囊炎急性发作时行LC病例的临床资料。比较发病72h以内(早期)和72h以外(延期)两组的治疗效果。结果全组病例无严重并发症发生，但延期组的平均手术时间、平均术后住院日和平均术后下床活动时间均较长，早期组LC全部成功，延期组中转手术2例(8．7％)。结论老年人结石性胆囊炎急性发作时早期行LC是安全的，延期施行LC要极为谨慎。     

内镜下逆行胰胆管造影并发症的防治

自上世纪70年代以来，诊断性的内镜下逆行胰胆管造影(ERCP)技术及所发展的内镜下乳头括约肌切开术(EST)、内镜下胆管引流术(ERBD)、内镜下鼻胆管引流术(ENBD)、内镜下胰管引流术(ERPD)以及乳头括约肌气囊扩张(EPBD)等治疗性ERCP已成为胰胆疾病诊断与治疗的首选方法，但ERCP术后导致的严重并发症在一定程度上也限制了该技术的广泛应用。本文就ERCP的并发症及其防治经验作一简述。     

冠心病患者CRP水平与肾动脉狭窄的关系

【论文特点介绍】本研究观察了CRP是否可以作为肾动脉粥样硬化狭窄（ARAs）的独立危险因子。通过对危险因素进行多变量Logistic回归分析，结果表明年龄、冠脉病变严重程度、外周血管疾病是ARAS的独立危险因素，而CRP水平、高血压、高脂血症、肾功能不全并非ARAS的独立危险因素。