Graves眼病~(131)I治疗后加用~(99)Tc-MDP疗效分析

Graves病(GD)合并活动性Graves眼病(GO)患者在用131I治疗的同时加用糖皮质激素免疫抑制剂,但糖皮质激素治疗副作用多,易复发。99Tc-亚甲基二膦酸盐(99Tc-MDP,“云克”)可以保护人体超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力,同时具有较强的抗炎、镇痛作用,治疗GO,副作用少,不易复发。现报道如下     

腮腺99mTcO-4动态显像对干燥综合征的诊断价值

目的探讨腮腺99mTcO4-动态显像对干燥综合征诊断的价值。方法将临床诊断为干燥综合征患者52例(原发20例、继发32例)、正常对照组25例、血液或结缔组织病40例,分别进行腮腺99mTcO4-的维生素C负荷动态显像检测,将所得结果应用M icro Delta动态曲线处理程序进行半定量分析。结果正常对照组腮腺分泌及排泄功能全部正常,血液或结缔组织病组中腮腺分泌及排泄功能异常5例。在确诊干燥综合征的52例中,腮腺分泌及排泄功能异常50例,其中22例双侧腮腺不显影,其余腺体显像尚可;其特异度为92%,灵敏度为96%,约登指数(Youden′s index,正确诊断指数)为0.88。结论腮腺99mTcO4-动态显像检查简便、无创、安全、准确,为干燥综合征的诊断提供了一个很好的检查手段。     

^99mTC-MIBI甲状腺亲肿瘤显像120例临床分析

目的评价^99mTC—MIBI甲状腺亲肿瘤显像的临床价值。方法对120例^99mTCO4^-甲状腺显像为“冷、凉结节”进行^99mTC—MIBI亲肿瘤显像，将其结节与手术病理检查结果进行比较分析。结果120例显像患者中，^99mTC—MIBI亲肿瘤显像阳性率为44．2％（53／120）（包括阳性和可疑阳性）；^99mTC-MIBI亲肿瘤显像阳性中确诊为甲状腺癌的阳性率91．3％（21／23）；手术病理结果确诊为甲状腺癌的阳性率19．2％（23／120）。结论^99mTC—MIBI甲状腺亲肿瘤显像用于甲状腺癌的筛选诊断确实可行，能避免某些不必要的创伤性检查或治疗。     

~(99)Tc~m-EC-MN鼻咽癌乏氧显像的实验研究

目的 通过对99Tcm-EC-MN在鼻咽癌体外及体内模型中生物学分布的研究,探讨99Tcm-EC-MN肿瘤乏氧显像的临床意义.方法 利用99TcmO4标记EC-MN,纸层析法测定标记率.99Tcm-EC-MN分别加入正常条件和乏氧条件下培养的鼻咽癌细胞株内,在不同时间段检测99Tcm-EC-MN在细胞内的分布差别.建立鼻咽癌裸鼠肿瘤模型,自荷瘤鼠尾静脉注入99Tcm-EC-MN 3.7 MBq(0.1 ml)后0.5、1、2、4、6和8 h分别进行平面显像,观察99Tcm-EC-MN的体内分布情况.在各时相分别处死荷瘤裸鼠,取各脏器组织标本、称重并测量放射性计数,计算各标本每克组织百分注射剂量率(%ID/g).对分离出的瘤体,应用CD34单克隆抗体及血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)单克隆抗体进行免疫组化染色.结果 正常条件和乏氧条件下培养的鼻咽癌细胞株对99Tcm-EC-MN的吸收差异有高度统计学意义(P<0.01).所有荷瘤裸鼠的肿瘤均呈阳性显像,静脉注射后0.5 h肿瘤灶即显影,4 h时显影最清晰.肿瘤/肌肉比值1、2、4 h分别达2.24倍、4.75倍、6.41倍.99Tcm-EC-MN在正常组织中清除快,主要经泌尿系统及肠道排出.免疫组化结果和放射性计数结果具有显著相关性(r>0.9,P<0.01).结论 99Tcm-EC-MN作为一种乏氧显像剂,具有良好的开发前景.     

The Clinical Usefulness of ~(99m)Tc-Tetrofosmin Scintigraphy in the Diagnosis of Lung Neoplasmas and Mediastinal Lymphoid Node Involvement

In order to investigate the clinical significance of 99mTc-Tetrofosmin （TF） scintigraphy in the evaluation of lung cancer and mediastinal lymphoid node involvement, 33 patients with pulmo- nary neoplasmas were subjected to both 99mTc-TF scintigraphies and CT scans in one week before their operations or puncturations. All the images were judged visually and the emission images were analyzed with semi-quantitative methods in addition. The results of each group were compared. There was marked difference in target/non-target （T/N） ratio between the lung cancer group and the benign lesion group （P〈0.001）. Moreover, in the lung cancer group, T/N ratio in tomographies was signifi- cantly higher than that in planar images （P〈0.01）. The sensitivity and accuracy of semi-quantitative analysis in 99mTc-TF SPECT were significantly higher than those of CT in the diagnosis of pulmonary neoplasmas （P〈0.05 and P〈0.01 respectively）, so was the sensitivity of 99mTc-TF SPECT vs CT in the diagnosis of mediastinal lymphoid node metastasis （P〈0.05）. It was also found that epidermoid squamous cell carcinomas and adenocarcinomas had a higher T/N ratio than in small cell carcinomas （P〈0.05）, and 2 h washout rate （WR） of adenocarcinomas was higher than that of epidermoid squamous cell carcinomas （P〈0.05）. In conclusion, 99mTc-TF scintigraphy showed a favorable diag- nostic accuracy in appraising lung cancers and mediastinal lymph node metastases. Furthermore semi-quantitative technology can improve the accuracy, and is potential to offer some information about histological type of the cancer tissue. Therefore, 99mTc-TF scintigraphy will be a useful tool in the diagnosis and staging of lung cancer.     

甲状腺99mTcO4-显像ROI比值的作用：估算个体化治疗甲亢的131I剂量

目的 探讨甲状腺99mTcO4-显像ROI比值代替24 h 摄碘率(RAIU)个体化治疗甲亢的可行性。方法 回顾性分析2019年1~6月在南方医科大学南方医院核医学科进行131I治疗132例患者的临床资料,根据患者3 h/24 h RAIU峰值比是否前移分为高峰前移组（≥80%）和无高峰前移组（<80%）。高峰前移组：采用Marinelli公式法,131I治疗剂量=甲状腺质量×计划量/24 h RAIU;无高峰前移组：分析ROI比值与24 h RAIU相关性,依据换算关系代入Marinelli公式,131I治疗剂量=甲状腺质量×计划量（/ ROI比值换算关系）。比较两组患者一般资料（年龄、性别、抗甲状腺药物种类以及停用时间）、游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸（FT3）、游离甲状腺素（FT4）、促甲状腺激素（TSH）、促甲状腺受体自身抗体（TRAb）、抗甲状腺过氧化物酶（TPOAb）、甲状腺面积、甲状腺质量、131I治疗剂量;并随访1年,观察其临床疗效。采用ROC曲线分析治疗后两组ROI比值。结果 ROI比值与24 h RAIU呈显著正相关（Y=58.13+0.2X,R2=0.118,P<0.05）,代入Marinelli公式获新公式：131I治疗剂量=甲状腺质量×计划量（/ 58.13+0.2×ROI比值）%。治疗前两组的131I治疗剂量、FT4、FT3、TRAb、3 h及24 h RAIU、甲状腺面积、甲状腺质量、ROI比值差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）;治疗3月后两组的FT4、FT3、TRAb、TPOAb、甲状腺面积、甲状腺质量、ROI比值、有效率、甲减率、治愈率、缓解率、无效率差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）;随访1年,两组的甲亢、甲减、治愈例数构成比比较差异仍无统计学意义（P>0.05）;ROC曲线分析治疗3月后ROI比值预测甲亢复发、甲减最佳临界值分别约15.79、6.33。结论 甲状腺99mTcO4-显像ROI比值可用于个体化治疗甲亢计算131I剂量,该方法有助于患者的协助诊治,可以判断预后。     

Feasibility of simultaneous Tc99m sestamibi and 2D-echo cardiac imaging during dobutamine pharmacologic stress

Feasibility of simultaneous 2D-Echo and SPECT Tc99m Sestamibi imaging during dobutamine infusion was evaluated in a female population with suspected coronary artery disease and scheduled for diagnostic coronary angiography. A total of 49 consecutive subjects were studied. Patients under continuous ECG and 2D-Echo monitoring underwent standard dobutamine infusion at increasing doses to a diagnostic end-point. Tc99m Sestamibi was administered at the peak of the dobutamine effect. With this approach, 35 patients were identified correctly by 2D-Echo (Sensitivity = 60.1%; Specificity = 83.3%; Agreement = 71.4%; k = 0.43). Perfusion imaging with Tc99m Sestamibi resulted in correctly identifying 41 patients (Sensitivity = 83%; Specificity = 84%; Agreement = 83.6%; k=0.67). Combining information obtained from the two tests resulted in increased specificity (92%) and decreased sensitivity (64%). Simultaneous assessment of perfusion and function with Tc99m Sestamibi and 2D-Echo imaging during dobutamine administration is easily performed without added risk or discomfort to the patient. Tc99m Sestamibi appeared to be slightly superior to 2D-Echo for the detection of CAD in this population, but the difference does not reach conventional statistical significance. The combined use of the two independent tests did not substantially improve the diagnostic accuracy of each method.     

Variation near the hepatocyte nuclear factor (HNF)-4α gene associates with type 2 diabetes in the Danish population

Aims/hypothesis The hepatocyte nuclear factor (HNF)-4 is an orphan nuclear receptor, which plays crucial roles in regulating hepatic gluconeogenesis and insulin secretion. The gene encoding HNF-4 (HNF4A) is located on chromosome 20q12–q13 in a region that in several studies has shown linkage with type 2 diabetes. Recently, two independent studies identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in a 90-kb region spanning HNF4A, which showed strong association with type 2 diabetes in the Finnish and Ashkenazi Jewish populations. In an attempt to replicate and extend these findings, we selected four SNPs in the same HNF4A region, which in the Finnish and Ashkenazi Jewish populations were associated with type 2 diabetes, and examined their relationships with type 2 diabetes and prediabetic phenotypes in the Danish Caucasian population.Methods The rs1884614, rs2425637, rs1885088 and rs3818247 were analysed in case-control studies of 1387, 1429, 1417 and 1371 type 2 diabetic patients and 4766, 4727, 4665 and 4748 glucose-tolerant subjects respectively. Genotype–quantitative trait analyses comprised 4430, 4394, 4336 and 4413 middle-aged glucose-tolerant subjects from the population-based Inter99 cohort for the rs1884614, rs2425637, rs1885088 and rs3818247 respectively.Results The risk allele of the rs1884614, which is located 4 kb upstream of the HNF4A P2 promoter, was associated with type 2 diabetes (odds ratio [OR]=1.14, p=0.02) and with a subtle increase in post-OGTT plasma glucose levels in glucose-tolerant subjects (additive model, p=0.05).Conclusions/interpretation Consistent with results from studies of Finnish and Ashkenazi Jewish subjects, variation near the P2 region of HNF4A is associated with type 2 diabetes in the Danish population.