空心螺钉与锁定钢板内固定治疗移位肱骨大结节骨折的效果比较

目的比较空心螺钉内固定与锁定钢板内固定治疗移位肱骨大结节骨折的临床效果。方法回顾性分析2013年6～12月在本院进行治疗的移位肱骨大结节骨折患者43例的临床资料,其中21例患者采用空心螺钉内固定治为空心螺钉组,22例患者采用锁定钢板内固定治疗为钢板组。比较两组的临床疗效。结果两组的手术时间、术中出血量、术后骨折愈合时间比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;术后3、6个月两组优良率比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论空心螺钉内固定和锁定钢板内固定治疗移位肱骨大结节骨折均具有较好的临床疗效,在临床工作中应综合考虑,选择合适的手术方法。     

动力髋螺钉治疗肌骨粗隆部骨折

目的:探讨动力髋螺钉治疗股骨粗隆部骨折的疗效。方法:15例粗隆部骨折患者,男14例,女1例;年龄36~86岁,平均年龄65岁。切开复位用(dynamical hip screwcs,DHS)及拉力螺钉固定。结果:术后所有病例经3~36个月随访。全部骨折愈合。髋关节功能:优13例,良2例。结论:DHS抗弯曲度强,有利于断端,尤其是压力侧骨折愈合。DHS内固定手术不复杂,治疗粗隆部骨折效果较好。     

螺旋CT对坐骨结节滑囊炎的诊断价值

目的:探讨坐骨结节滑囊炎的CT表现及CT扫描的诊断价值。方法:回顾性分析42例坐骨结节滑囊炎的CT表现及手术病理结果对照。所有病例均行CT轴位平扫,其中36例常规轴扫后行薄层冠状扫描,32例尚行CT增强扫描。结果:CT平扫于坐骨结节与臀大肌之间的间隙内可见单个多房囊性水样密度肿块,边欠清,大小1cm～6cm直径,呈圆形或椭圆形。增强扫描示肿块内无明显强化,但分隔及边缘可有轻度强化。结论:坐骨结节滑囊炎的CT表现较有特征性,CT扫描具有极高的诊断价值。     

Osgood-Schlatter's disease,an emphasis on soft tissue changes in roentgen diagnosis

Osgood-Schlatter's disease is a well known entity affecting the adolescent knee. Radiologic examination of the knee has been an integral part of the diagnosis of this condition for decades. However, the soft tissue changes have not been appreciated sufficiently. Emphasis is placed on the use of optimum radiographic technique and xeroradiography in the examination of the soft tissues of the knee.     

The influence of displacement on shoulder function in patients with minimally displaced fractures of the greater tuberosity

INTRODUCTION: There is little outcome data on functional results after non-operative treatment of greater tuberosity fractures, and no clear evidence in minimally displaced (1-5 mm) fractures of the greater tuberosity showing that the results of non-operative treatments are good enough. This study assesses the relationship between degree of displacement in non-operatively treated patients and shoulder function. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We evaluated the radiographs and function in 135 patients after non-operative treatment of minimally displaced (1-5 mm) fractures of the greater tuberosity at a mean time of 3.7 years (2-20 years) after injury. Shoulder function was assessed using the Vienna Shoulder Score (VSS), the Constant Score (CS) and the UCLA-Score. RESULTS: 97% of the evaluated patients had good or excellent results. Patients with a displacement of more than 3 mm had slightly worse results compared to those with less displacement, but this was not statistically significant. Female patients had significantly better results than male patients, and patients in the eighth and ninth decade had significantly worse results compared to younger patients. CONCLUSION: We recommend non-operative treatment in all patients with minimally displaced fractures of the greater tuberosity, as most obtain very good results. The best results followed treatment with Gilchrist bandages or Mitella slings for 3 weeks, followed by intensive rehabilitation.     

Clinical anatomy of the posterior maxilla pertaining to Le Fort I osteotomy in Thais

This article studies the anatomy of the posterior maxilla pertaining to bone-cut design of Le Fort I osteotomy to avoid the injury to the descending palatine artery in Thais. Fifty-five skulls (38 males, 17 females) were assessed for the anatomical landmarks by a combination of direct inspection, computerized imaging, and computed tomography scan analysis. The results showed that 27.28% of the pterygomaxillary junction (PMJ) became synostosis. The mean heights of the PMJ, posterior maxilla, and maxillary tuberosity were 15.14 +/- 2.46 mm, 22.51 +/- 3.50 mm, and 7.45 +/- 2.76 mm, respectively. The mean length of the medial sinus wall measuring from the piriform rim to the descending palatine canal at the Le Fort I level was 34.40 +/- 2.96 mm. The mean widths of the posterior incision of Le Fort I osteotomy at the maxillary tuberosity and PMJ were 20.38 +/- 2.82 mm and 11.60 +/- 1.57 mm. The mean length of the posterior maxilla was 27.18 +/- 2.49 mm. Distances from the greater palatine foramen to the maxillary tuberosity incision and PMJ incision were 1.76 +/- 1.12 mm and 3.59 +/- 1.40 mm. The mean angle between the descending palatine canal and the hard palate was 57.33 +/- 4.54 degrees . There were no significant differences in any measurements between sides and genders, except the pterygoid process width and posterior maxilla length of males were longer than those of females (P < 0.05). This study could provide better understanding of the posterior maxillary anatomy that is important for the bone-cut design of Le Fort I osteotomy to avoid excessive intraoperative and postoperative hemorrhage including ischemia of the mobilized maxilla.     

Lateral retinacular release in concordance with medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction in patients with recurrent patellar instability: A computational model

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to develop and validate a finite element (FE) model of the patellofemoral joint to analyze the biomechanics of lateral retinacular release after medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction in patellar malalignment (increased tibial tubercle–trochlear groove distance (TT-TG)). We hypothesized that lateral retinacular release is not appropriate in patellar instability addressed by MPFL reconstruction due to decreased lateral stability and inappropriate adjustment in patellofemoral contact pressures.MethodsA FE in-silico model of the patellofemoral joint was developed and validated. The model was used analyze the effect of lateral retinacular release in association with MPFL reconstruction on patellofemoral contact pressures, contact area, and lateral patellar displacement during knee flexion.ResultsMPFL reconstruction alone results in restoration of patellofemoral contact pressures throughout the entire range of motion (0–90°), mimicking the results from healthy condition. The addition of the lateral retinacular release to the MPFL reconstruction resulted in significant reductions in both patellofemoral contact pressure and contact area. Lateral retinacular release resulted in more lateral patellar displacement during the mid-flexion knee range of motion.ConclusionsCombination of lateral retinacular release with MPFL reconstruction in patients with increased TT-TG is not recommended as MPFL reconstruction alone for first-line management of recurrent patellar instability offers a greater biomechanical advantage and restoration of contact forces to resemble that of the healthy knee. The presented biomechanical data outlines the effect of concomitant MPFL reconstruction and lateral retinacular release to help guide surgical planning for patients with recurrent patellar instability due to malalignment.