超声检测颈动脉对冠心病的预诊断价值

目的探讨颈动脉粥样硬化与冠心病的关系。方法对91例冠心病的患者行冠状动脉造影和颈动脉超声检查。分为对照(CON)组、稳定型心绞痛(SAP)组和不稳定型心绞痛(UAP)组。结果SAP组和UAP组的IMT值、颈动脉硬化和斑块形成的阳性率均明显高于CON组(P<0.01);冠脉单支和多支病变组与CON组比较上述指标亦有明显增高(P<0.01);UAP组不稳定型斑块比例显著高于SAP组(P<0.01)。比较两者的检出率,颈动脉硬化具有较高的敏感度,特异性偏低;而粥样斑块形成则有较高的特异性,敏感度较低,阳性似然比、阴性似然比均高于颈动脉硬化。结论测定颈动脉壁厚度、粥样斑块及其性质,对冠心病的预测具有临床意义。     

保留终板前路减压Syn Cage植骨融合治疗脊髓型颈椎病的短期疗效

目的探讨保留终板椎间盘切除减压Syn Cage植骨融合治疗脊髓型颈椎病（CSM）的短期疗效及融合节段高度的维持. 方法对25例脊髓型颈椎病施行保留终板的颈椎间盘切除Syn Cage植骨融合术,术后根据JOA评分及X线表现探讨病例的改善率、植骨融合率及融合节段高度的丢失情况. 结果平均随访15个月,术前及随访JOA评分比较,二者间存在显著性差异（P＜0.01）,平均改善率为71%,优16例,良6例,可3例,优良率88%.无脊髓损伤等严重并发症.植骨融合率为100%,平均融合时间为术后3.1个月,均未发现融合节段前方塌陷.将术后1周、3个月、6个月及1年融合节段平均高度与同体邻近节段平均高度比较,两者无明显差异（P＞0.05）. 结论保留终板椎间盘切除减压Syn Cage植骨融合术治疗脊髓型颈椎病短期疗效好,能较好地保持融合节段高度,并能获得满意的融合率.     

人乳头瘤病毒16 E6转染冻融人外周血树突状细胞疫苗体外抗宫颈癌作用

目的：制备来源于人外周血并转染人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）16 E6基因的冻融树突状细胞（DC）疫苗，检测其细胞形态。转染情况及体外诱导的免疫效应。方法：细胞因子扩增人外周血DC，低温-70℃冻存；Lipofectamine转染HPV16 E6制备DC疫苗。动态形态学观察，免疫细胞化学检测E6分子表达，体外诱导并测定细胞毒性T淋巴细胞活性。结果：转染E6基因的人外周血冻融DC呈形态迥异的多突起状，免疫细胞化学染色显示E6蛋白表达阳性；MTT法检测人宫颈癌细胞株（CaSKIi细胞）的杀伤活性明显高于对照组（P〈0．01），与新鲜DC疫苗比无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论：转染历基因的人外周血冻融DC疫苗保持了功能成熟DC的形态特征，且内源性表达E6蛋白，并在体外诱导出高效特异性的抗宫颈癌免疫反应，为宫颈癌的主动特异性免疫治疗提供了理想的疫苗和实验依据。     

宫颈上皮内瘤变阴道镜下活检与电环切除术后病理的对比分析

目的 对比分析宫颈上皮内瘤变（CIN）阴道镜下活检与电环切除术后病理，提高CIN诊断的准确性。方法 回顾性对比分析216例宫颈上皮内瘤变阴道镜下活检与电环切除术后病理，探讨影响两者符合率的相关因素。结果 两者对比，宫颈电环切除术（LEEP）后病理结果与阴道镜下活检相符的74例，升级的18例，降级的124例。阴道镜下检查不满意者活检与电环切除术后病理对比，升级率大于阴道镜下检查满意者，差异有显著性（P〈0．01）。结论 宫颈转化区向宫颈管上移者，要注意宫颈管内的病变。宫颈电环切除术可以部分弥补阴道镜下活检的缺陷，且有治疗作用。     

广东省壮族聚居区宫颈癌病因调查

目的了解广东省壮族集中居住人群宫颈癌发病率及流行病学特征,为宫颈癌的防治提供依据。方法以当地壮族集中居住人群中年龄为20～65岁,有2年以上性生活史的妇女为调查对象。进行病史询问、妇科检查、阴道镜检查、宫颈口、宫颈管刮片细胞标本采集及苏木素染色法。结果从2004年9月至2005年10月共调查了9个乡镇共1876人,宫颈癌总患病率为0.21%。比全国发病率的0.015%高出0.195%,并向年轻化发展。结论广东壮族地区宫颈癌为高发区,患病原因可能与早婚、早育、多胎、居住的卫生条件恶劣、卫生知识缺乏等有关。为提高壮族地区人群健康水平,早干预、阻止病情发展、开展婚育知识教育及疾病健康知识教育尤为重要。     

Cognitive disorders in patients with occlusive disease of the carotid artery: a systematic review of the literature

We present a systematic review of the literature on the prevalence, nature, severity, course, and causes of cognitive deficits in patients with occlusive disease of the carotid artery prior to surgery (if surgery was under discussion). Searches were carried out on Medline and Psychlit from 1980 to 1999 using neurovascular and psychological index terms, and papers and books were checked for further references. Studies describing neuropsychological assessment of groups of patients with carotid obstruction were included. Eighteen studies were found. We extracted from the papers data on study design, demographic characteristics of patients, clinical diagnosis, carotid obstruction, cerebral imaging, time interval between ischemic episode and neuropsychological assessment, neuropsychological asessment procedures, integration and interpretation of test performances, and conclusions of authors. Fourteen studies concluded that there are cognitive deficits both in patients with symptomatic and in those with asymptomatic carotid obstruction; four studies denied cognitive impairment. There were no differences in patient characteristics, study design, or neuropsychological assessment procedures between the 14 studies that found deficits and the 4 that did not. There are indications for a mild, diffuse, detrimental effect of carotid occlusive disease on cognitive functioning. However, methodological problems prevent a definitive conclusion. Further research is needed to confirm these findings and to ascertain the neurovascular risk factors for and the natural course of cognitive impairment in patients with carotid occlusive disease. Received: 12 July 1999/Received in revised form: 10 November 1999/Accepted: 26 January 2000     

子宫动脉栓塞治疗子宫腺肌病对卵巢功能的影响

目的:探讨子宫动脉栓塞治疗子宫腺肌病对卵巢功能的影响。方法:对27例子宫腺肌病患者采用聚乙烯醇微粒(PVA)进行子宫动脉栓塞治疗,在栓塞前、栓塞后3个月及6个月,评估所有病人的症状改善情况,并且采用经阴道彩色能量多普勒超声对子宫及病灶进行动态监测,监测子宫大小,子宫动脉和卵巢动脉血流动态改变,及基础性激素水平和基础体温情况。结果:子宫动脉栓塞术后3个月,子宫体积显著减小,平均缩小136.48(37.6%),子宫动脉的最大血流速度Vmax(cm/s)显著降低,由(27.27±6.03)cm/s降至(14.19±5.98)cm/s,P<0.05。子宫动脉阻力指数(RI)由0.54±0.03降至0.86±0.04,P<0.05;栓塞术前、后卵巢血流、卵泡刺激素(FSH)、雌二醇(E2)和月经周期无显著性差别。1例患者出现短暂卵巢功能急剧减退。结论:子宫动脉栓塞治疗子宫腺肌病是一种新颖、微创、安全、有效、并发症少且恢复快的治疗方法,可保留子宫的生育功能,对卵巢功能无明显损害,但应注意可能导致卵巢衰竭。     

内皮祖细胞移植修复大鼠颈总动脉内皮损伤

 [目的]探讨内皮祖细胞修复动脉内皮损伤的作用.[方法]建立大鼠颈总动脉内皮损伤模型,16只大鼠随机等分为内皮祖细胞移植组和对照组.体外诱导大鼠外周血单个核细胞为内皮祖细胞.在动脉损伤后,将5-溴脱氧尿苷标记的内皮祖细胞注入损伤动脉段,14 d后取损伤动脉段和对侧正常动脉段.采用病理学方法、免疫组织化学和图像分析技术评价内皮祖细胞的修复效果.[结果]内皮祖细胞移植组的损伤动脉段5-溴脱氧尿苷免疫组化为阳性.内皮祖细胞移植组损伤动脉段的新生内膜厚度较对照组明显减轻（43.5±5.5）μm vs（90.7±12.7）μm,P＜0.05;内皮祖细胞移植组的再内皮化程度明显高于对照组77.8%±0.1%vs52.2%±0.1%,P＜0.05.[结论]内皮祖细胞具有修复动脉内皮细胞损伤的作用,内皮祖细胞可作为心血管疾病细胞移植疗法的种子细胞.     

P16在宫颈癌组织中的表达及意义

目的研究P16在宫颈癌组织中的表达情况.方法用免疫组化S-P法检测15例正常宫颈组织,20例慢性宫颈炎和42例宫颈癌组织中P16的表达.结果P16宫颈癌中的阳性率为45.2%,其表达与宫颈癌的临床分期显著相关(P＜0.05).结论P16的异常表达与宫颈癌的发生和发展有关,可作为判断预后的辅助指标.     

The design of a cervical vertebra titanium plate-interbody fusion cage

Objective： To study the biomechanical feature of a newly designed cervical vertebra internal fixation device and its clinical applications. Methods： Some functional spinal units were fixed respectively with titanium plate, fusion cage and new device designed by ourselves, then a controlled biomechanical study including flexion, extension, torsion and lateral bending was performed and the results were analyzed. Results： As to the mechanical performance, fusion cage showed poor performance in extension test and so did the titanium plate in the distortion test. However, the new device showed good performance in every test. Conclusion： Both simple titanium plate fixation and simple fusion cage fixation have biomechanical defaults, but they are complementary. The titanium plate-interbody fusion cage avoids the defaults and has specific advantages.