气管上皮嗜银细胞和5-羟色胺免疫反应细胞的定位

用银染色及免疫组织化学ＰＡＰ法，对狗、家兔、豚鼠、大鼠、小鼠气管粘膜上皮内嗜银细胞和５－羟色胺（５－ＨＴ）免疫反应（ｉｍｍｕｎｏｒｅａｃｔｉｏｎ）细胞的分布及形态进行观察。结果显示：５种动物气管上皮中均可见散在的嗜银细胞，家兔气管内嗜银细胞密度较大，而狗、大鼠的较少。５－ＨＴ－ＩＲ细胞仅见家兔、豚鼠、小鼠的气管粘膜上皮。气管中的内分泌细胞可分为开放型和闭合型，并可见旁突伸至邻近细胞。相邻切片观察未     

呼吸道异物取出术的麻醉体会

本文介绍支气管异物取出术采用静脉复合麻醉的方法、原则及其深度。特别强调麻醉诱导的平顺,术中持续高频正压人工给氧是手术成功和安全的关键。同时着重指出了手术方式,减少呼吸道损伤及苏醒快等问题。本组50例麻醉中,无一例死亡,术中术后经过平顺。     

人胚和鼠类气管裸鼠皮下移植

本实验在13只裸小鼠皮下移植BABC小鼠和Wistar大鼠气管及人胚气管、支气管,共26段。观察1～8周,移植气管的总存活率为77%。以气管裸鼠皮下移植为模型的实验,在10天以后加刺激因子比较适宜。     

Benign cartilaginous tumors of the upper airway

Benign cartilaginous neoplasms of the laryngotracheal apparatus are uncommon clinical entities. Two cases of cartilaginous lesions of the upper airway are reported. Resection with maintenance of upper airway structural integrity is the preferred treatment. Temporary tracheostomy is often necessary and can provide access for stenting of the tracheal repair.     

剑鞘气管与慢性阻塞性肺疾病的关系

研究剑鞘气管与慢性阻塞性肺疾病之间的关系。材料与方法搜集１９９６－１９９８年有剑鞘气管和ＣＯＰＤ的患者７０例。胸部轴位ＣＴ用１０ｍｍ层厚连续扫描。在主动脉弓上方１０ｍｍ层面测量气管的内冠状径和内矢状径。剑鞘形状的程度用内冠状径与内矢状径的比较来表示。     

Advantages of video endoscopy in pediatric aerodigestive tract disorders

Summary The naked eye examination of the larynx through the laryngoscope is inadequate for the examination of the minute anatomic structures and does not permit the visualization of the subglottic space or the trachea. A telescope coupled to a miniature television camera is advanced under precise visual control through the vocal cords and into the trachea. Oxygen is administered through the instrument to avoid fogging and provide diffusion oxygenation during the apneic phase. The procedure is safe, fast, and provides a simultaneous record. A vastly improved image allows the examination to be performed from the television screen. Electronic imaging has much to offer in the area of pediatric endoscopy. Video endoscopic examinations of the aerodigestive tract of 151 infants were successfully performed without any complications.     

气管切开病人高压氧治疗的护理进展

概述气管切开病人高压氧治疗的护理，从吸氧方式的选择、气道的湿化、吸痰的护理、感染的预防、气囊的管理、脱管的预防及护理进行综述。     

喉气管外伤及狭窄的治疗

【目的】探讨喉外伤及狭窄的不同类型的临床治疗方法及效果。【方法】15年来收治各类喉外伤及狭窄患者38例。其中9例闭合性喉腔软组织伤,或合并软骨骨折而无移位,采用药物保守治疗,18例喉外伤颈部有开放性损伤伴有喉气管软骨损伤,或颈部无开放性损伤伴有喉气管软骨损伤,进行清创缝合,开放手术复位骨折,留置硅胶喉扩张管支撑,11例喉气管瘢痕狭窄采用瘢痕切除留置硅胶喉扩张管支撑,喉气管裂开肋软骨移植术,栅栏状喉气管成形术等方法治疗。【结果】37例患者呼吸通畅、发音满意,劳动力恢复,1例患者需终身保留气管造口。【结论】喉气管外伤应尽早明确诊断,早期治疗。喉气管外伤后瘢痕狭窄患者,根据狭窄部位和程度采取瘢痕切除留置硅胶喉扩张管支撑,栅栏状喉气管成形术及喉气管裂开肋软骨移植术,效果比较满意。     

气管切开后呼吸道管理的护理进展

介绍了气管切开后呼吸道管理的护理进展.重点阐述了气管切开的适应证,气道湿化的护理管理,吸氧、排痰的护理管理,气囊的护理管理,呼吸道感染的护理.     

Management of and indications for tracheostomy in care of the critically ill patient

Tracheostomy is a procedure that has evolved over many hundreds of years. In the 21st century, the majority of tracheostomies are now inserted by intensivists in the intensive care unit (ICU). Commonly performed to assist in weaning patients from mechanical ventilation, the procedure is performed using a percutaneous dilatational technique. Percutaneous tracheostomy can generally be performed safely in the ICU, although a number of contra-indications and complications do exist. Recent publications have highlighted weaknesses in the quality of care both in the immediate and longer term. Consequently, a number of organizations, based in the UK and internationally, have turned the focus in recent years to improving the quality of care delivered to these patients. Clinicians caring for patients with tracheostomies should not only be familiar with the indications, anatomy and insertion techniques, but also current guidance on routine care and the emergency management of complications.