心脏灌注磁共振成像的图像配准

医学时序图像的配准是医学图像分析诊断的基础，也是图像融合等图像处理需要先行解决的问题。本研究提出了一种新的基于图像分割和相关法的算法，用于准确、快速实现心脏灌注核磁共振成像(MRI)图像的配准。该方法以图像相关系数为目标函数，利用迭代运算确定心脏图像的水平位移、垂直位移和旋转角度等参数。该算法优点在于充分考虑了心肌灌注图像的特殊性以及被测对象的身体物理运动、生理运动。结果表明，此方法能有效地对心脏灌注磁共振图像进行配准处理。     

数值模拟鼻甲的切除对鼻腔内气体流场的影响

量化研究鼻腔结构的变化对鼻腔内气体流场分布的影响.通过CT图像对鼻腔结构进行三维重建并用有限元方法对气体流场进行数值分析.对重建的鼻腔模型的一侧,分别去掉部分中鼻甲和部分下鼻甲并用有限元方法再次进行数值分析,将得到的结果与原始模型进行比较.观察气体流场分布的变化,在两侧鼻腔的流量分布均有变化,在去掉部分鼻甲的一侧流场和气压的分布也有所改变.通过数值模拟,我们量化的显示了鼻腔结构的变化对鼻腔内气体流场分布的影响.     

三种手术方式对腰椎间盘突出症临床疗效的影响

目的探讨三种手术方式对腰椎间盘突出症(LDH)临床疗效的影响。方法 2007年1月~2012年10月于我科行手术治疗LDH的患者中选择110例患者,男63例,女47例;年龄18~73岁,平均45岁;均为单节段椎间盘突出(L3/46例,L4/560例,L5/S144例)。分别采用腰椎间盘髓核摘除术(A组,40例)、椎间融合联合单侧椎弓根螺钉内固定(B组,51例)、腰椎间盘髓核摘除联合棘突间稳定装置X-STOP系统植入(C组,19例),3组患者一般资料比较差异均无统计学意义(0.05)。每位患者术前及术后末次随访时通过完成欧洲五维健康量表及进行Oswestry功能障碍指数评分,比较评分改善情况。结果 110例患者均获得随访,平均随访时间18个月(6~38个月),末次随访时EQ-VAS评分、EQ-5D健康指数和ODI评分组内比较均明显改善(0.05),组间比较均无统计学差异(0.05)。结论对于单纯LDH可行腰椎间盘髓核摘除术,LDH合并腰椎不稳者可行椎间融合+单侧椎弓根螺钉内固定,对于椎间盘突出合并椎管狭窄,尤其是临床症状在屈曲位缓解的患者尤其适宜椎间盘髓核摘除联合棘突间动态内固定。     

人era的结构特点分析及其定点突变体的构建

目的：构建最近克隆的人era基因的定点突变体。方法：利用数据库对era的结构特点进行分析，在此基础上用改良的重叠延伸法分别构建人EraN端和C端的定点突变体。结果：获得了分别针对人EraN端TGP结合结构域（位于29－36氨基酸残基）和C端具有RNA结合活性的 KH结构域（位于297－340氨基酸残基）的定点突变体。结论:人era定点突变体的构建为进一步的功能研究奠定了基础。     

A Complementary Method for the Detection of Osteoblastic Metastases on Digitized Radiographs

Purpose This study was conducted to evaluate the diagnostic usefulness of gray level parameters in order to distinguish healthy bone from osteoblastic metastases on digitized radiographs. Materials and methods Skeletal radiographs of healthy bone (n = 144) and osteoblastic metastases (n = 35) were digitized using pixels 0.175 mm in size and 4,096 gray levels. We obtained an optimized healthy bone classification to compare with pathological bone: cortical, trabecular, and flat bone. The osteoblastic metastases (OM) were classified in nonflat and flat bone. These radiological images were analyzed by using a computerized method. The parameters (gray scale) calculated were: mean, standard deviation, and coefficient of variation (MGL, SDGL, and CVGL, respectively) based on gray level histogram analysis. Diagnostic utility was quantified by measurement of parameters on healthy and pathological bone, yielding quantification of area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, AUC. Results All three image parameters showed high and significant values of AUC when comparing healthy trabecular bone and nonflat bone OM, showing MGL the best discriminatory ability (0.97). As for flat bones, MGL showed no ability to distinguish between healthy and flat bone OM (0.50). This could be achieved by using SDGL or CVGL, with both showing a similar diagnostic ability (0.85 and 0.83, respectively). Conclusion Our results show that the use of gray level parameters quantify healthy bone and osteoblastic metastases zones on digitized radiographs. This may be helpful as a complementary method for differential diagnosis. Moreover, our method will allow us to study the evolution of osteoblastic metastases under medical treatment.     

Three-dimensional pseudospectral modelling of cardiac propagation in an inhomogeneous anisotropic tissue

Various investigators have used the monodomain model to study cardiac propagation behaviour. In many cases, the governing non-linear parabolic equation is solved using the finite-difference method. An adequate discretisation of cardiac tissue with realistic dimensions, however, often leads to a large model size that is computationally demanding. Recently, it has been demonstrated, for a two-dimensional homogeneous monodomain, that the Chebyshev pseudospectral method can offer higher computational efficiency than the finite-difference technique. Here, an extension of the pseudospectral approach to a three-dimensional inhomogeneous case with fibre rotation is presented. The unknown transmembrane potential is expanded in terms of Chebyshev polynomial trial functions, and the monodomain equation is enforced at the Gauss-Lobatto node points. The forward Euler technique is used to advance the solution in time. Numerical results are presented that demonstrate that the Chebyshev pseudospectral method offered an even larger improvement in computational performance over the finite-difference method in the three-dimensional case. Specifically, the pseudospectral method allowed the number of nodes to be reduced by ≈85 times, while the same solution accuracy was maintained. Depending on the model size, simulations were performed with ≈18–41 times less memory and ≈99–169 times less CPU time.     

微波辐射免疫比浊法加速测定免疫球蛋白

本文应用微波辐射免疫比浊法加速测定免疫球蛋白(IgG、IgA、IgM).结果表明:用本法测定的线性范围较宽:IgG从3.24～51.92/L;IgA从0.49～7.92g/L;IgM从0.36～5.75/L.批内、批间精密度(CV):IgG从44～7.4%;IgA从4.1～9.5%;IgM从4.0～8.8%.本法与传统免疫比浊法和进口试剂自动免疫比浊法(Monarch 2000)测定比较,其结果相关良好,r从0.950至0.996,P>0.05.本法的特点是操作简便、快速,可明显缩短抗原和抗体反应达到终点的时间.     

The AMeX method: a multipurpose tissue-processing and paraffin-embedding method. III. Extraction and purification of RNA and application to slot-blot hybridization analysis.

RNA was extracted from tissues processed by a new fixation and paraffin-embedding method (the AMeX method) and examined by Northern blot analysis and slot-blot analysis. The RNA extraction method for AMeX-processed tissue sections after the deparaffinization step was the same as that for fresh materials. The total amount of cellular RNA extracted from AMeX-processed mouse liver tissue was slightly less than that extracted from fresh tissue. In tissues of malignant lymphoma, the total amount of cellular RNA extracted from 25 sections each 20 microns thick was about 1.6-1.8 micrograms/mm2, regardless of the histological subtype and period of storage. The extracted RNA was moderately degraded, and usually could not be used for Northern blot hybridization analysis. The intensity of ethidium bromide staining and the hybridization signals of RNA extracted from AMeX-processed tissues were usually reduced in comparison with RNA from fresh material, but specific signals could be detected by slot-blot hybridization analysis. We have demonstrated previously that the AMeX method preserves high-molecular-weight DNA and various antigens. Since the present study showed that information on mRNA can be obtained from AMeX-processed tissue, the versatility and usefulness of this method were further proven.     

Ventilatory response to hypercapnia in sprint and long-distance swimmers

Summary Ventilatory response lines to carbon dioxide at rest were determined by the rebreathing method in 10 untrained subjects, 17 sprint swimmers, and 11 long-distance swimmers. It was found that the mean slope of the ventilatory response line of the swimmer was lower than that of the untrained group, and the mean slope of the long distance swimmer was lower as compared with the sprint swimmer, though these differences were statistically not significant. The differences in the hypercapnic drive between untrained subjects and swimmers obtained here is discussed in connection with their maximum oxygen uptake.     

人脑颞叶组织中类固醇5a－还原酶同功酶活性分布研究

本文采用酶放射分析法对新鲜人脑颞叶组织中５ａ－还原酶同功酶的活性分布进行研究。结果显示：（１）在颞叶脑组织中，５ａ－还原酶１和５ａ－还原酶２主要分布在灰质，其酶活性（５ａ－还原酶１，３３．６±４．５ｐｍｏｌ·ｈ_（－１）／ｍｇ蛋白，ｎ＝１２；５ａ－还原酶２，１３．８±２．９ｐｍｏｌ·ｈ_（－１）／ｍｇ蛋白，ｎ＝１１）明显高于分布在白质中的酶活性（５ａ－还原酶１，１４．７±２．０ｐｍｏｌ·ｈ_（－１）／ｍｇ蛋白，ｎ＝１２，Ｐ＜０．００１；５ａ－还原酶２，５．２±０．９ｐｍｏｌ·ｈ_（－１）／ｍｇ蛋白，ｎ＝１１，Ｐ＜０，０１）；（２）在灰质中，５ａ－还原酶活性主要来自于５ａ－还原酶１，其酶活性（３４．９±２．５ｐｍｏｌ·ｈ_（－１）／ｍｇ蛋白，ｎ＝３２）明显高于５ａ－还原酶２（１５．０±２．３ｐｍｏｌ·ｒ_（－１）／ｍｇ蛋白，ｎ＝１８，（Ｐ＜０．００１）；（３）５ａ－还原酶１和５ａ－还原酶２的活性在男女性之间差异不显著，且与年龄无相关关系。