Role of transpupillary thermotherapy in central serous chorio-retinopathy

Background: To assess the efficacy of transpupillary thermo therapy (TTT) in cases of chronic central serous chorio- retinopathy (CSCR).     

Molecular‐Recognition‐Induced Phase Transitions of Two Thermo‐Responsive Polymers with Pendent β‐Cyclodextrin Groups

PNIPAM‐based thermo‐responsive polymers with pendent β‐cyclodextrin groups were synthesized and the molecular‐recognition‐induced phase‐transition behavior of fabricated polymers was investigated. The results showed that the thermo‐sensitive PNG‐ECD and PNG‐HCD polymers could significantly recognize the guest ANS molecules, and their LCSTs in ANS aqueous solutions were lower than those in blank aqueous solution. The more ANS could be recognized by the polymer, the lower was the LCST of the polymer. The guest NS molecules had an opposite influence on the LCSTs of the PNG‐ECD and PNG‐HCD polymers, because the complexation between CD and NS slightly enlarged the hydrophilic moiety of the polymers.

     

Block Copolymers of Vinyl Ethers as Thermo‐Responsive Colloidal Stabilizers of Organic Pigments in Aqueous Media

Summary: The colloidal stability of the aqueous dispersions of hydrophobic organic pigments, CuPc and carbon black, stabilized by a wide range of polymer structures based on alkyl vinyl ethers was studied. It was shown that, unlike the homopolymers and the random copolymers, the amphiphilic AB, ABA and BAB block copolymers of MVE with IBVE or ODVE show stabilizing activities that depend on their hydrophilic/hydrophobic balance and polymer architecture. After optimization, the colloidal stabilization is competitive with commercial PEO‐PPO block copolymers (Pluronic®). It was found that the sedimentation of the dispersions was much faster at a higher temperature, above the LCST of the PMVE‐blocks. The loss of the stabilizing activity of the block copolymers correlates with an increase of the hydrophobicity of the treated pigment surface. These properties enable the creation of colloidal dispersions with stabilities that can be tuned as a function of temperature.

Poly(methyl vinyl ether) ABA and BAB block copolymers as colloidal stabilizers of organic pigments.     

射频热凝靶点消融术联合臭氧注射治疗腰椎间盘突出症临床观察

目的观察射频热凝靶点消融术联合臭氧注射治疗腰椎间盘突出症的临床治疗效果。方法选择124例腰椎间盘突出症患者，采用射频热凝靶点消融术联合臭氧注射治疗。结果本组效果优53例，良65例，差4例，无效2例。优良率为95．1％（53／65例），有效率为98％。结论腰椎间盘突出症采用射频热凝靶点消融术联合臭氧注射治疗，疗效确切、并发症少。     

Thermo‐Responsive Copolymers Based on Poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) and Poly[2‐(methacryloyloxy)ethyl phosphorylcholine]: Light Scattering and Microscopy Experiments

Aqueous self‐assembly of thermosensitive triblock copolymers based on poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) and poly[2‐(methacryloyloxy)ethyl phosphorylcholine] (PNIPAM_m–PMPC_n–PNIPAM_m and PNIPAM_m–PMPC_n–S–S–PMPC_n–PNIPAM_m) were studied using light scattering (SLS and DLS), TEM and fluorescence experiments. These techniques were used to investigate the morphological transition as a function of the temperature, below and above the LCST of the PNIPAM, at various triblock copolymer concentrations ranging from dilute to semi‐dilute regimes. Below the LCST and at low concentrations, aqueous solutions show micellar behavior, while above the LCST self‐assembly leading to large nanoparticles stabilized with PMPC chains. Such behavior is the onset of a gel‐like phase transition observed at higher concentrations.

     

封闭负压吸引在腹部带蒂真皮下血管网皮瓣修复手部热压伤中的临床应用

目的探讨封闭负压吸引在腹部带蒂真皮下血管网皮瓣修复手热压伤的临床应用中,促进皮瓣与创面愈合的作用机制。方法选择42例手部严重热压伤患者行腹部带蒂真皮下血管网皮瓣修复创面,随机分成实验组和对照组,每组21例。实验组皮瓣转移后,在皮瓣下均匀放置3～6根硅胶管（直径0.2cm,带侧孔6～8个）,各管另一端穿出皮瓣两侧集中成一束,连接中心负压吸引（压力0.02～0.06MPa）,皮瓣边缘以医用粘贴手术巾封闭。对照组常规皮瓣转移缝合,皮瓣下放置1条橡皮引流条。两组术后,适当加压包扎创面,72小时拔出引流管（条）。术后第5天开始皮瓣蒂部阻断血运训练,皮瓣阻断1h以上无血运障碍后实施断蒂手术。观察两组皮瓣的成活率及断蒂时间,所获数据采用完全随机化设计法进行分析,组间比较分别采用χ2检验和t检验。结果实验组皮瓣100%成活率16例,98%～99%成活率5例,对照组皮瓣100%成活率8例,98%～99%成活率13例;实验组平均的断蒂时间为（10.4±2.4）天,对照组则为（15.0±5.3）天。实验组皮瓣成活率明显高于对照组（P〈0.05）,断蒂时间也较对照组缩短（P〈0.01）。结论封闭负压吸引在腹部带蒂真皮下血管网皮瓣修复手部热压伤的应用中,可促进皮瓣与创面愈合,提高皮瓣的成活率及缩短断蒂时间。     

Development and validation of a noninvasive method to estimate cardiac output using cuff sphygmomanometry

BACKGROUND: Obtaining cardiac output (CO) measurements noninvasively during routine blood pressure recording can improve hypertension management. A new method has been developed that estimates cardiac output using pulse-waveform analysis (PWA) from a brachial cuff sphygmomanometer. This study evaluates the ability of PWA to track changes in CO as derived by Doppler ultrasound during dobutamine stimulation. HYPOTHESIS: This study aims to validate the PWA CO estimation over a wide CO range as would be obtained by dobutamine stimulation during Doppler ultrasound evaluation. METHOD: A total of 48 patients undergoing standard dobutamine stress echocardiography testing for accepted clinical indications were enrolled. Among them, 44 patients (age 36-83, 18 females, 26 males) with good waveform data for analyses provided estimates of CO in this study. Noninvasive measurements of CO were performed using both Doppler ultrasound recordings and PWA techniques simultaneously at each stage of dobutamine infusion. RESULTS: A total of 207 simultaneous pulse-waveform analyses and Doppler measurements were taken during dobutamine stress on 44 cardiac patients. Linear regression analysis revealed good intra-patient correlation between pulse-waveform analysis and Doppler at different dobutamine-induced CO with coefficients from r = 0.69 to 0.98 (p < 0.05). Analysis of all patients yielded an overall correlation of r = 0.82 (p < 0.001, bias = 0.4 L/min, standard deviation = 1.8 L/min). CONCLUSION: The CO measured noninvasively from a sphygmomanometer using this PWA method correlates well with those of Doppler through a range of dobutamine-stimulated levels. The CO by PWA should be useful for monitoring hemodynamic changes in hypertensive and cardiac patients during routine blood pressure measurement.     

Polymerization‐Induced Thermal Self‐Assembly of Functional and Thermo‐Responsive Diblock Copolymer Nano‐Objects via RAFT Aqueous Polymerization

The polymerization‐induced self‐assembly (PISA) of amphiphilic diblock copolymer nano‐objects, which are synthesized via reversible addition‐fragmentation chain‐transfer (RAFT) aqueous polymerization, is discussed. First, the effectiveness of the (S)‐2‐(ethyl propionate)‐(O‐ethyl xanthate) as a RAFT chain transfer agent for the polymerization of N,N‐dimethylacrylamide (DMAm) yielding a water‐soluble macro RAFT agent is investigated. In a second step, poly(DMAm) macro‐CTA is chain‐extended with acrylate monomers in water inducing a PISA process. Besides the use of pentafluorophenyl acrylate (PFPA) as core‐forming block, the thermo‐responsive nature of N‐isopropylacrylamide (NIPAm) and the reactive character of pentafluorophenyl acrylate (PFPA) for a subsequent post‐modification is exploited. Monomer conversion and reaction kinetics are determined via nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, while gel permeation chromatography is used to evaluate the molecular weight distribution of the polymers. The obtained spherical nanostructures are analyzed via dynamic light scattering, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy.     

角膜热成形术仿真系统的设计与实现

目的:眼睛是人身体上最精密的器官,针对远视、近视、老花、异物侵入等不同的状况提出了很多的解决方法,表明社会上对角膜相关疾病的关注.眼科屈光手术是当今眼科医学最前沿的领域之一,激光治疗近视得到全世界的广泛应用.随着近视治疗的日臻成熟,远视治疗越来越成为人们关注的焦点.但目前针对远视,特别是高度远视的治疗还没有很好的解决方案.因此,探索激光治疗远视有着重要的学术和应用价值.方法:本文基于虚拟现实技术,构建了半导体激光角膜热成形术的医学仿真系统框架:结合面向对象设计和模块化设计方法,设计、开发了仿真系统.结果:本系统初步实现了半导体激光角膜热成形远视治疗的预测、计算和演示等仿真功能.结论:本系统的交互式仿真模块,通过预演手术的整个过程,可以使医务工作者体验和学习手术的实际操作,对改进医学教育与训练的模式、提高效率和质量,促进医学水平的提高有一定的现实意义.角膜信息数据库,能够帮助医护人员方便的进行角膜临床信息管理.随着研究的深入.在功能上可以不断完善;随着临床病例数据的增加数据库的完善预测的结果将会更加准确.系统在数据库管理模块中为数据库以及数据库中记录和属性的操作开发出完备的接口,能够方便地实现角膜数据的管理和应用.