Acute surgical wound‐dressing procedure: Description of the steps involved in the development and validation of an observational metric

The aim of this study was to develop an observational metric that could be used to assess the performance of a practitioner in completing an acute surgical wound‐dressing procedure using aseptic non‐touch technique (ANTT). A team of clinicians, academics, and researchers came together to develop an observational metric using an iterative six‐stage process, culminating in a Delphi panel meeting. A scoping review of the literature provided a background empirical perspective relating to wound‐dressing procedure performance. Video recordings of acute surgical wound‐dressing procedures performed by nurses in clinical (n = 11) and simulated (n = 3) settings were viewed repeatedly and were iteratively deconstructed by the metric development group. This facilitated the identification of the discrete component steps, potential errors, and sentinel (serious) errors, which characterise a wound dressing procedure and formed part of the observational metric. The ANTT wound‐dressing observational metric was stress tested for clarity, the ability to be scored, and interrater reliability, calculated during a further phase of video analysis. The metric was then subjected to a process of cyclical evaluation by a Delphi panel (n = 21) to obtain face and content validity of the metric. The Delphi panel deliberation verified the face and content validity of the metric. The final metric has three phases, 31 individual steps, 18 errors, and 27 sentinel errors. The metric is a tool that identifies the standard to be attained in the performance of acute surgical wound dressings. It can be used as both an adjunct to an educational programme and as a tool to assess a practitioner's performance of a wound‐dressing procedure in both simulated and clinical practice contexts.     

“One-piece” patient-specific reconstruction plate for double-barrel fibula-based mandibular reconstruction

Segmental mandibular defects require reconstruction. The fibula flap serves as a versatile flap in restoring mandibular contour and bony height. With the advances in computer-aided design and additive manufacturing technology, an innovative “one-piece” patient-specific reconstruction plate to facilitate double-barrel fibula flap shaping and bone securing was developed; the plate is described in this study. The “one-piece” plate is fabricated with individualized specifications and is mainly composed of three components: the long-bar reconstruction plate, a short-bar plate, and connecting bars. Our initial experiences showed that mandibular reconstructive surgery was greatly facilitated by the “one-piece” reconstruction plate for double-barrel fibula flap reconstruction and achieved satisfactory outcomes. A well-designed clinical trial is required to confirm the superiority of the “one-piece” reconstruction plate in the future. ClinicalTrials.gov registration: NCT03057223.     

Five-year survival rates for implants placed using digitally-designed static surgical guides: a systematic review

Digitally-designed static surgical guides provide an acceptable level of accuracy and predictability for the placement of dental implants. However, to our knowledge, few published studies have compared the long-term survival of implants placed in this way with those placed using other methods. A systematic search of electronic databases using a population, intervention, comparison, and outcome (PICO) framework was conducted of Medline and EMBASE, as well as grey literature and hand searches, to obtain all relevant work pertaining to the survival of dental implants placed by guided surgery. The studies were required to have at least 10 patients with a follow up of at least five years. A total of 621 titles were screened. Four studies met the inclusion criteria for quantitative analysis, and they all reported the exclusive use of Nobel Biocare implants and the NobelGuide system (Nobel Biocare Services). Cumulative survival rates ranged from 94.5% to 100% over five years. The survival rates of implants placed using digitally-designed static surgical guides are comparable to the estimated overall survival rate (95.6% over five years), despite the complex nature of the treatments done with guided surgery. Clinicians who do these operations should, however, have the experience and ability to revert to conventional freehand techniques if complications arise.     

混合性嗜铬细胞瘤临床病理学特征分析

目的探讨混合性嗜铬细胞瘤(composite pheochromocytoma,CP)临床病理特征、免疫表型、诊断及鉴别诊断。方法收集2011年1月至2019年1月浙江省人民医院收治的5例CP,对5例CP的临床、影像学、组织学、免疫组织化学特征及预后进行观察,探讨其临床病理特征及鉴别诊断。结果CP患者中男性4例,女性1例,男女发病比例为4∶1,发病年龄52~68岁(平均年龄59岁,中位年龄54岁),肿瘤最大径3~4 cm(平均最大径3.6 cm,中位最大径3.5 cm);临床表现多为无明显症状的肾上腺肿块;典型的形态为两种成分组成,一种为瘤细胞呈不规则巢状排列,瘤细胞胞质细颗粒状、嗜碱性或双嗜性,核分裂象罕见;另一种为由不规则交叉束状排列的施万细胞及散在分布的神经节细胞组成;免疫组织化学示嗜铬细胞瘤弥漫表达PHOX2B(5/5)、突触素(5/5)、嗜铬粒素A(CgA,5/5),支持细胞S-100蛋白阳性(5/5),节细胞神经瘤弥漫表达S-100蛋白(5/5)、神经丝蛋白(5/5),其内神经节细胞PHOX2B、突触素、CgA弱阳性;5例均接受手术切除,预后良好,随访均无复发。结论CP较少见,临床表现不具有特异性,其具有独特的组织学特征,仔细的观察肿瘤的完整组织结构及免疫组织化学检测PHOX2B、CgA、突触素、S-100蛋白有助于其诊断和鉴别诊断。