Studies on exposure status of inhabitants to water-arsenic valence states in areas with endemic arsenism in the Datong basin in Shanxi

This study aimed to describe the distribution of water-arsenic (As) valence states and its relationship to areas with endemic arsenism in the Datong basin. Drinking water samples of patients with endemic arsenism and a control group were examined using hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry (HG-AFS). We analyzed the data using SPSS10.0 for Windows. The As(III)/As ratio was 52.1% in the water sample, exceeding the national standard of 0.05 mg/L. The As(III)/As ratio significantly varied among the different stages in the disease-state groups, and with the control group (χ ² = 22.4, P<0.01). The As(III)/As(V) ratio significantly varied in the four groups (χ ² = 26.19, P<0.01), with a tendency to increase along with the seriousness of the disease state. The most common type of drinking water arsenic valence state was As(III) in the endemic disease-areas. Endemic arsenism was positively correlated with As(III). This led us to conclude that the fraction of each water-arsenic valence state should be studied when determining the arsenic content of drinking water. Translated from Chinese Journal of Endemiology, 2006, 25(1): 64–66 [译自: 中国地方病学杂志]     

Spindle–slow oscillation coupling correlates with memory performance and connectivity changes in a hippocampal network after sleep

After experiences are encoded, post‐encoding reactivations during sleep have been proposed to mediate long‐term memory consolidation. Spindle–slow oscillation coupling during NREM sleep is a candidate mechanism through which a hippocampal‐cortical dialogue may strengthen a newly formed memory engram. Here, we investigated the role of fast spindle‐ and slow spindle–slow oscillation coupling in the consolidation of spatial memory in humans with a virtual watermaze task involving allocentric and egocentric learning strategies. Furthermore, we analyzed how resting‐state functional connectivity evolved across learning, consolidation, and retrieval of this task using a data‐driven approach. Our results show task‐related connectivity changes in the executive control network, the default mode network, and the hippocampal network at post‐task rest. The hippocampal network could further be divided into two subnetworks of which only one showed modulation by sleep. Decreased functional connectivity in this subnetwork was associated with higher spindle–slow oscillation coupling power, which was also related to better memory performance at test. Overall, this study contributes to a more holistic understanding of the functional resting‐state networks and the mechanisms during sleep associated to spatial memory consolidation.     

Analysis of The Working Performance of Large Curvature Prestressed Concrete Box Girder Bridges

Based on numerical shape functions and the structural stressing state theory, the mechanical properties of the curved prestressed concrete box girder (CPCBG) bridge model under different loading cases are presented. First, the generalized strain energy density (GSED) obtained from the measured strain data is used to represent the stressing state pattern of the structure; then, the stressing state of the concrete section is analyzed by plotting the strain and stress fields of the bridge model. The stressing state pattern and strain fields of the CPCBG are shown to reveal its mechanical properties. In addition, the measured concrete strain data are interpolated by the non-sample point interpolation (NPI) method. The strain and stress fields of the bridge model have been plotted to analyze the stressing state of the concrete cross-section. The internal forces in the concrete sections are calculated by using interpolated strains. Finally, the torsional effects are simulated by measuring the displacements to show the torsional behavior of the cross-section. The analysis and comparison of the internal force and strain fields reveal the common and different mechanical properties of the bridge model. The results of the analysis of the curved bridge model provide a reference for the future rational design of bridge projects.     

aveD基因失活提高阿维菌素工业菌株B组分产量

目的 破坏除虫链霉菌aveD基因,提高阿维菌素B1a的发酵单位.方法 将aveD基因内部364bp的SmaⅠ-SmaⅠ片段以相反的方向插入到原位置,构建重组质粒pUAmT-D7,并转化到阿维菌素工业生产菌Streptinomyces avermitilis G-8,筛选得到ave基因失活的基因工程菌G8-17.结果 发酵结果表明,G8-17不产维菌素A组分,而B组分的发酵单位则有相应的提高,其中有效组分B1a的发酵单位提高了33.6％.结论 aveD基因内部片段倒位没有影响下游与之共转录的基因aveF的表达,同时能有效阻断阿维菌素A组分的产生,提高B组分的发酵单位.     

慢性阻塞性肺病血栓前状态的检测及其临床意义

目的:观察交联纤维蛋白二聚体(D-D)含量,探讨凝血及纤溶机能紊乱与慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)发生发展间的关系及临床意义。方法:选择我院ICU及呼吸科住院的慢性阻塞性肺病急性发作期患者25例,缓解期的慢性阻塞性肺病患者24例,及28例健康体检者,空腹安静时抽取肘静脉血,采用酶联免疫吸附双抗体夹心法测定交联纤维蛋白二聚体(D-D)含量。结果:以均数±标准差(x±sd)表示,t检验进行统计学处理。结论:COPD患者急性发作期体内存在凝血及纤溶系统平衡失调,处于血栓前状态。因此,D-D的检测对于COPD的发展及治疗具有重要的临床意义。     

口腔修复门诊老年病人心理特点分析及对策

老年患者占口腔修复科临床接诊病人的很大部分，本文从医学伦理学角度入手对门诊老年病人心理状态进行分析，探讨相应对策，以寻求临床上医患更好地合作。作者的建议主要包括：(1)提高医师自身综合素质。(2)尊重、爱护老年患者，满足老年患者的合理要求。(3)治疗过程中应树立高度的道德责任感与正确的伦理道德观。     

中医药类大学生思想状况调查分析与对策

目的调研当前中医药类大学生的思想状况,为有关部门加强和改进中医药类大学生思想教育工作提供相应的对策。方法对650名学生进行多方位的问卷调查分析。结果学生思想状况主流是积极向上的,但存在一些不容忽视的问题。结论培养学生良好的道德品质、搭建学生心理调适平台等是发展中医药事业的迫切需要。     

内蒙古某市日托幼儿园儿童膳食及营养状况调查

目的了解开展计划膳食后的幼儿园膳食质量及儿童营养与健康状况。方法采用整群抽样方法,对两年计划膳食的日托幼儿园进行调查,同时进行体格检查和血红蛋白的测定。结果热能、铁、硫胺素、尼克酸、抗坏血酸等都达到中国居民膳食推荐摄入量的标准,蛋白质、钙、核黄素摄入不足,午点热能摄入不足。结论应进一步加强对幼儿园膳食营养的指导监督。     

NSF-Based Analysis of the Structural Stressing State of Trussed Steel and a Concrete Box Girder

This paper analyses the characteristics of the mechanical behavior of a trussed steel and concrete box beam under bending conditions based on the structural stressing state theory and the numerical shape function method. Firstly, the parametric generalized strain energy density was introduced to characterize the structural stressing state of trussed steel stud concrete box girders, and the strain energy density sum was plotted. Then the Mann-Kendall criterion was used to discriminate the leap point of the curve change and to redefine the structural failure load. By analyzing the strain and displacement, the existence of a sudden change in the structural response during the load-bearing process was again demonstrated. Afterwards, the numerical shape function method was used to extend the strain data, and further in-depth analyses of strain/stress fields and internal forces were carried out to show in detail the working characteristics of each under load. Through an in-depth analysis from different angles, the rationality of updating the failure load was verified. Finally, the effects of different structure parameters on the evolution of the structural stresses of the members were analyzed in a transversal comparison. The analysis results of the stress state of a steel-concrete truss structure reveal the working behavior characteristics of a steel-concrete truss structure from a new angle, which provides a reference for the design of a steel-concrete truss structure in the future.     

氟伐他汀与拜阿司匹灵对高血压血栓前状态分子标志物的影响

目的观察氟伐他汀与拜阿司匹灵对原发性高血压血栓前状态分子标志物的影响。方法选取80例原发性高血压血栓前状态分子标志物异常病人,随机分成两组。在药物基础降压前提下,治疗组加用氟伐他汀（来适可）40 mg和拜阿斯匹灵0.1 g,每日1次口服;对照组加用拜阿斯匹灵0.1 g,每日1次口服。治疗4周后检测两组病人血浆血栓调节蛋白（TM）、血管性血友病因子（VWF）、纤溶酶原激活剂抑制物-1（PAI-1）的水平,并进行比较。结果两组病人治疗后血浆TM、VWF、PAI-1水平显著下降（t=2.21-3.57,P〈0.05、0.01）,但治疗组下降较对照组更显著（t=3.27-8.47,P〈0.01）。结论氟伐他汀与拜阿司匹灵联合应用能显著降低原发性高血压血栓前状态分子标志物的水平。