小剂量肝素治疗肺癌患者血栓前状态的临床研究

报道７５例中、晚期肺癌血栓前状态Ｄ－二聚体在治疗过程中的变化情况。小剂量肝素加化疗加／或放疗治疗组４０例，Ｄ－二聚体转正常３２例、有效率（８０％）。化疗加／或放射治疗（无肝素组）３５例，Ｄ－二聚体转正常６例，有效率１７．１％（Ｐ＜０．０１）。观察结果表明：小剂量肝素治疗中、晚期肺癌血栓前状态是一种有效、安全的方法。     

CT图像中噪声产生机理与维修

本文重点阐述和分析了CT图像中的几种噪声产生的原因和对图像的影响,并结合笔者多年的维修经验,从理论和实际相结合,介绍了几种实用的维修方法,提出了减小噪声提高图像质量的有效措施。     

多频稳态听觉诱发反应测试的临床应用

目的：利用多频稳态诱发反应(MFSSR)测试聋儿的残余听力，比较该方法与听性脑干反应(ABR)之间阳性率的差异来说明这种客观测试法所具有的优点。方法：在睡眠状态下测试了278例聋儿的MFSSR及ABR，分析了MFSSR不同频率阳性反应出现率及阈值分布范围，并与ABR阳性反应出现率进行比较。结果：左右耳MFSSR在0．5kHz、1．0kHz、2．0kHz和4．0kHz的阳性率分别为33．0g％、70．50％、44．96％、19．42％和33．81％、66．91％、41．07％、17．63％，而ABR的阳性率为16．91％和17．27％，MFSSR后3个频率的阳性反应出现率要明显高于ABR。结论：MFSSR作为一种客观测试方法具有频率特性好、刺激强度高、结果由计算机自动判断等特点，是一种有价值的客观测试方法。     

大豆与豆豉中游离氨基酸总量测定

目的: 探讨大豆和经过发酵后的豆豉游离氨基酸总量的变化.方法: 采用氨基酸的游离氨基与水合茚三酮产生显色反应,在一定范围内,其颜色的深浅与氨基酸的含量成正比.结果: 波长570 nm处含氮量在0～5 μg吸收度值与含氮量值线性关系良好,r＝0.999 9(n＝5),且豆豉中游离氨基酸总量与大豆中游离氨基酸总量存在显著性差异.结论: 大豆在经过发酵后游离氨基酸总量产生明显变化,更易被人体所吸收,其营养价值更高.     

脑外伤病人的临床伦理问题探讨

脑外伤病人占外科病人很大一部分比例,其治疗过程艰难而复杂,而且在治疗过程中涉及很多伦理学问题,值得探讨和研究.本文作者通过多年来诊治脑外伤病人的经验,从伦理学的角度对脑外伤治疗过程中的一些问题进行了探讨,以期更有利于保障患者和医务工作者的合法权益、减少医疗纠纷,摆正医生与患者位置关系,使脑外伤患者得到更好的治疗.     

Magnetic Properties and Washability of Roasted Suspended Siderite Ores

Steel is one of the most important industrial materials, which mainly comes from the smelting of iron ore. In view of the huge steel consumption every year, the exploitation of vast reserves of siderite ores is significant for improving the self-sufficiency rate of iron ore resources and ensuring the strategic security of the iron and steel industries. This paper investigated the influence of temperature, time, and other parameters on the magnetic properties of roasted siderite ores using the method of suspended roasting and analyzed the washability of roasted ores under weak-magnetic-field conditions using the magnetic separation tube experiment. The findings of the study explained the iron phase transformation process, i.e., FeCO₃ was transformed into Fe₃O₄ by suspension magnetization roasting. Furthermore, the saturation magnetization of the roasted ore increased in due time at a constant temperature range of 550–750 °C and a roasting time of less than 5 s. It also increased with increasing temperature and constant time. The roasted ore achieved the best magnetic characteristics after roasting at 750 °C for 5 s. After low-intensity magnetic separation, the iron grade of the concentrate changed to 55.12%, with a recovery rate of 90.34%. The study results provide a reference for the development and application of siderite suspension magnetization roasting technology.     

Impaired Vagal Activity in Long-COVID-19 Patients

Long-COVID-19 refers to the signs and symptoms that continue or develop after the “acute COVID-19” phase. These patients have an increased risk of multiorgan dysfunction, readmission, and mortality. In Long-COVID-19 patients, it is possible to detect a persistent increase in D-Dimer, NT-ProBNP, and autonomic nervous system dysfunction. To verify the dysautonomia hypothesis in Long-COVID-19 patients, we studied heart rate variability using 12-lead 24-h ECG monitoring in 30 Long-COVID-19 patients and 20 No-COVID patients. Power spectral analysis of heart rate variability was lower in Long-COVID-19 patients both for total power (7.46 ± 0.5 vs. 8.08 ± 0.6; p < 0.0001; Cohens-d = 1.12) and for the VLF (6.84 ± 0.8 vs. 7.66 ± 0.6; p < 0.0001; Cohens-d = 1.16) and HF (4.65 ± 0.9 vs. 5.33 ± 0.9; p = 0.015; Cohens-d = 0.76) components. The LF/HF ratio was significantly higher in Long-COVID-19 patients (1.46 ± 0.27 vs. 1.23 ± 0.13; p = 0.001; Cohens-d = 1.09). On multivariable analysis, Long-COVID-19 is significantly correlated with D-dimer (standardized β-coefficient = 0.259), NT-ProBNP (standardized β-coefficient = 0.281), HF component of spectral analysis (standardized β-coefficient = 0.696), and LF/HF ratio (standardized β-coefficient = 0.820). Dysautonomia may explain the persistent symptoms in Long COVID-19 patients. The persistence of a procoagulative state and an elevated myocardial strain could explain vagal impairment in these patients. In Long-COVID-19 patients, impaired vagal activity, persistent increases of NT-ProBNP, and a prothrombotic state require careful monitoring and appropriate intervention.     

益肾调肝针刺法治疗围绝经期抑郁症30例

目的:观察益肾调肝针刺法治疗围绝经期抑郁症的疗效,评价针刺治疗围绝经期抑郁症的临床价值。方法:将60例围绝经期抑郁症患者随机分成两组,针刺组30例,采用益肾调肝针刺法治疗;对照组30例,给予口服百忧解治疗。两组疗程均为4周。两组患者分别于治疗前后应用汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)进行评分,治疗后根据其减分率评定临床疗效,并观察不良反应。结果:两组患者治疗前后HAMD评分组内比较,差异具有显著统计学意义(均P<0.01)。治疗后两组间HAMD评分比较,差异具有统计学意义P<0.05。针刺组显效率为66.7%,总有效率为93.3%;对照组显效率为40.0%,总有效率为80.0%;治疗后两组疗效比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:益肾调肝针刺法可以显著改善围绝经期抑郁症患者的抑郁状态,其抑郁程度改善的疗效优于西药对照,且不良反应少,是一种安全、经济、有效的治疗方法。     

Enhanced Production of Biogas Using Biochar–Sulfur Composite in the Methane Fermentation Process

The methane fermentation of organic waste is one way to minimize organic waste, which accounts for 77% of the global municipal waste stream. The use of biochar as an additive for methane fermentation has been shown to increase the production potential of biogas. Sulfur waste has a potential application to synergistic recycling in a form of composites with other materials including biochar. A composite product in the form of a mixture of biochar and molten sulfur has been proposed. In this experiment, additions of the sulfur–biochar composite (SBC) were tested to improve the fermentation process. The biochar was produced from apple chips under the temperature of 500 °C. The ground biochar and sulfur (<1 mm particle size) were mixed in the proportion of 40% biochar and 60% sulfur and heated to 140 °C for sulfur melting. After cooling, the solidified composite was ground. The SBC was added in the dose rate of 10% by dry mass of prepared artificial kitchen waste. Wet anaerobic digestion was carried out in the batch reactors under a temperature of 37 °C for 21 days. As an inoculum, the digestate from Bio-Wat Sp. z. o. o., Świdnica, Poland, was used. The results showed that released biogas reached 672 mL × g_vs⁻¹, and the yield was 4% higher than in the variant without the SBC. Kinetics study indicated that the biogas production constant rate reached 0.214 d⁻¹ and was 4.4% higher than in the variant without the SBC.     

Combination of C‐reactive protein,procalcitonin, IL‐6, IL‐8, and IL‐10 for early diagnosis of hyperinflammatory state and organ dysfunction in pediatric sepsis

BackgroundAlthough early diagnosis and management are critical for prognosis of pediatric sepsis, there are no specific diagnostic biomarkers for the hyperinflammatory state and organ dysfunction, important stages of sepsis.MethodsWe enrolled 129 children with infection into three groups: non‐sepsis infection (33), Sepsis 1.0 (hyperinflammatory state, 67), and Sepsis 3.0 (organ dysfunction, 29). Another 32 children with no infections were included as controls. Serum C‐reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐2, IL‐4, IL‐5, IL‐6, IL‐8, IL‐10, IL‐12p70, IL‐17, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α, interferon (IFN)‐α, and IFN‐γ were assessed to diagnose the two stages, and their diagnostic capacities were evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. We also examined whether combining biomarkers improved diagnostic efficiency.ResultsSignificantly higher CRP, PCT, and IL‐6 levels were detected in the Sepsis 1.0 than the non‐sepsis infection group (p < 0.001). The areas under the curve (AUCs) for diagnosing Sepsis 1.0 were 0.974 (CRP), 0.913 (PCT) and 0.919 (IL‐6). A combination of any two biomarkers increased diagnostic sensitivity to ≥92.54% and specificity to 100.00%. Significantly higher PCT, IL‐8, and IL‐10 levels were found in the Sepsis 3.0 than the Sepsis 1.0 group (p ≤ 0.01), with AUCs for diagnosing Sepsis 3.0 0.807 (PCT), 0.711 (IL‐8), and 0.860 (IL‐10). Combining these three biomarkers increased diagnostic sensitivity to 96.55% and specificity to 94.03%.ConclusionIn pediatric sepsis, combining any two of CRP, PCT, and IL‐6 can accurately diagnose the hyperinflammatory state and increase diagnostic specificity. Early diagnosis of organ dysfunction requires a combination of PCT, IL‐8, and IL‐10.