聚丙烯酰胺水凝胶注射隆乳术晚期并发症及其处理

目的:探讨处理聚丙烯酰胺水凝胶注射隆乳术晚期并发症的最佳方法.方法:对30例聚丙烯酰胺水凝胶注射隆乳术晚期并发症临床资料的分析,采用手术取出加残腔灌洗以及病变组织切除术等综合治疗手段.结果:经手术及其他对症治疗后,所有患者获得满意效果.结论:手术取出加残腔灌洗以及病变组织切除术是处理聚丙烯酰胺水凝胶注射隆乳术后并发症的一种切实有效的可行方法.     

双侧先天性小耳畸形的耳廓再造术

目的：探讨双侧先天性小耳畸形的外耳再造手术治疗方法。方法：2007年3月～2008年6月对21例双侧先天性小耳畸形采用耳后皮肤扩张结合自体肋软骨支架植入,耳后筋膜瓣掀起,中厚植皮术双侧同期进行外耳再造。结果：经6个月-1年的随访观察,21例中除2例再造耳有不同程度的软骨吸收、变形外,其余再造耳的大小、形状、位置与面部协调,双侧对称,再造耳外形逼真,微细结构显示清晰。结论：对于双侧先天性小耳畸形,同期应用耳后皮肤扩张结合自体肋软骨支架植入,耳后筋膜瓣掀起,中厚植皮术进行外耳再造,方案可行,效果满意,是双侧先天性小耳畸形理想的外耳再造手术治疗方法。     

皮肤软组织扩张术在面颈部瘢痕修复中的应用

目的：通过对临床资料的回顾,总结皮肤软组织扩张术在面部瘢痕修复中的应用经验及教训。方法：系统回顾自2001年以来54例面颈部瘢痕应用皮肤软组织扩张术治疗的病例,通过对术前设计、扩张器置入技巧、皮瓣应用、修复效果和并发症等资料的总结。探讨颜面部扩张术治疗的经验和教训。结果：临床应用54例,发生血肿2例,感染和切口外露各1例,所有并发症经及时对症处理后未影响手术效果。随访6—36个月,48例患者满意,6例患者主诉切口瘢痕增生明显,需进行二期瘢痕整形术。结论：应用扩张器修复面颈部瘢痕,虽然可以获得良好的效果,但对并发症的预防不可忽视。     

皮肤软组织扩张器联合硅凝胶瘢痕贴片在烧伤瘢痕整形修复中的应用与研究

分析整形修复烧伤瘢痕中运用皮肤软组织扩张器与硅凝胶瘢痕贴片联合治疗的效果。方法 选择2021年6月-2022年6月广州市花都区人民医院收治的60例烧伤瘢痕患者作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法划分为对照组、试验组,每组30例。对照组予以皮肤软组织扩张器治疗,试验组予以皮肤软组织扩张器联合硅凝胶瘢痕贴片治疗,比较两组创面愈合情况、修复效果。结果 试验组创面皮肤恢复血运时间及愈合时间短于对照组,皮肤扩张率高于对照组,术后皮肤面积及Ⅰ型/Ⅲ型胶原比例优于对照组,感染率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P ＜0.05）;两组治疗后弹性、质地、外观评分均高于治疗前,且试验组弹性、质地、外观评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P ＜0.05）。结论 整形修复烧伤瘢痕中采取皮肤软组织扩张器与硅凝胶瘢痕贴片联合治疗可加快瘢痕的恢复速度,保护患者肌肤的美观性,促进患者的身心健康,临床疗效良好。     

Tele-surgery simulation with a patient organ model for robotic surgery training

Robotic systems are increasingly being incorporated into general laparoscopic and thoracoscopic surgery to perform procedures such as cholecystectomy and prostatectomy. Robotic assisted surgery allows the surgeon to conduct minimally invasive surgery with increased accuracy and with potential benefits for patients. However, current robotic systems have their limitations. These include the narrow operative field of view, which can make instrument manipulation difficult. Current robotic applications are also tailored to specific surgical procedures. For these reasons, there is an increasing demand on surgeons to master the skills of instrument manipulation and their surgical application within a controlled environment. This study describes the development of a surgical simulator for training and mastering procedures performed with the da Vinci surgical system. The development of a tele-surgery simulator and the construction of a training center are also described, which will enable surgeons to simulate surgery from or in remote places, to collaborate over long distances, and for off-site expert assistance.     

Chronic expanding hematoma in the psoas muscle

We report an unusual case of chronic expanding hematoma in the psoas muscle. A 53-year-old man was admitted for evaluation of a mass shadow in the left lower lung field on chest X-rays. He had also been suffering from dull left back pain. A computed tomography scan showed a cystic lesion with a rim enhancement in the left retroperitoneal space. Mixed signal intensity in a mosaic pattern was seen on a T2-weighted magnetic resonance image. We could not rule out a suspicion of a neoplastic intratumoral hemorrhage. Due to increased pain and the definite diagnosis, surgery was performed. Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of chronic expanding hematoma. The expansion process is thought to be due to the irritant effects of blood and its breakdown products, which cause repeated exudation and bleeding from capillaries in the granulation tissues.     

Body wall and visceral nonrhabdomyosarcoma soft tissue sarcomas in children and adolescents

Background

Predictors of outcome have not been established for pediatric visceral and body wall nonrhabdomyosarcoma soft tissue sarcomas (NRSTS).

Methods

The study used a retrospective review of clinical features and outcome of 61 patients with visceral and body wall NRSTS evaluated at our institution between March 1962 and December 1999.

Results

Median age at diagnosis was 9.9 years (range, birth to 17.4 years). Tumors were greater than 5 cm in 43 (70%), high grade in 33 (54%), invasive in 25 (41%), and metastatic at presentation in 14 (23%) patients. Visceral tumors (n = 27) were more likely than body wall tumors (n = 34) to be greater than 5 cm (93% vs 53%; P < .001) and invasive (70% vs 18%; P < .001) and were less likely to be resected at diagnosis (44% vs 85%; P = .001). Estimated 10-year event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) for the entire cohort were 45.5% ± 6.9% and 56.8% ± 6.7%, respectively. The 10-year EFS and OS were better for patients with body wall sites than for those with visceral sites (61.8% ± 8.5% and 67.5% ± 8.2% vs 24.2% ± 9.4% and 43.0% ± 10.3%; P = .004 and P = .004). The 10-year estimated cumulative incidence (CI) of local recurrence was higher for patients with visceral sites than for those with body wall sites (64.3% ± 9.8% vs 26.5% ± 7.7%; P = .004), whereas CI of distant recurrence was similar for the 2 sites (15.2% ± 7.2% vs 23.5% ± 7.4%; P = .39).

Conclusions

Pediatric patients with visceral NRSTS are more likely to have invasive, large, and unresectable tumors compared to those with body wall tumors. More than two thirds of visceral NRSTS recur locally, and fewer than half of patients with visceral tumors survive.     

国产95式步枪所致猪肢体软组织贯通伤的MRI表现与病理学研究

目的分析猪肢体软组织枪伤后不同时间弹道及周围组织的MRI表现和病理学变化,为枪弹伤早期救治提供理论依据。方法将17只成年猪静脉麻醉后,取仰卧位,将右后肢悬吊固定于致伤架上,用国产95式步枪致伤,射击距离10m。于伤后2、6、12、24、48h及9、18d分别行MRI扫描和病理学检查。结果伤区组织的病理改变可分为原发弹道区、凝固性坏死区、碎裂区和变形区。凝固性坏死区宽1～3mm,在T2WI及增强T1WI上呈现"双低信号"现象;碎裂区和部分变形区呈现"双高信号"现象,但二者不能区分。结论国产95式步枪贯穿肢体软组织后伤区由内向外依次可分为原发弹道区、凝固性坏死区、碎裂区和变形区;MRI可清楚显示原发弹道和凝固性坏死区;碎裂区和变形区为围绕弹道外围的高信号区,病理组织学分界清楚。     

Ability of diffusion-weighted imaging for the differential diagnosis between chronic expanding hematomas and malignant soft tissue tumors

Purpose

To evaluate the potential of diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI) in distinguishing chronic expanding hematomas (CEHs) from malignant soft tissue tumors.

Materials and Methods

We performed conventional MRI and DWI of six CEHs and 31 malignant soft tissue tumors from 37 patients seen between May 2000 and November 2006. DWI was obtained with a single‐shot echo‐planar imaging (EPI) sequence using a 1.5T MR imager. The mean apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value was also calculated. We evaluated MRI findings of CEHs and compared ADC value of CEHs with malignant soft tissue tumors.

Results

On conventional MRI, two of six CEHs were difficult to differentiate from malignant soft tissue tumors based on imaging findings. The mean ADC value of CEHs and malignant soft tissue tumors was 1.55 ± 0.121 × 10^?3 mm²/sec and 0.92 ± 0.139 × 10^?3 mm²/sec (mean ± SD), respectively. The mean ADC value of CEHs was significantly higher than that of malignant soft tissue tumors (P < 0.01). There was no overlap in the minimum ADC values among CEHs and malignant soft tissue tumors.

Conclusion

DWI is useful for differentiating between CEHs and malignant soft tissue tumors. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2008;28:1195–1200. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

     

足跟部皮肤软组织缺损的皮瓣修复

目的　总结应用多种轴型岛状皮瓣修复足跟部皮肤软组织缺损的效果。方法　采用足底内侧岛状皮瓣、胫后动脉逆行岛状皮瓣转移或“桥式”交腿移位、逆行腓肠神经营养血管岛状皮瓣、足中段邻近皮瓣等形式 ,修复足跟部皮肤软组织缺损 14例。皮瓣切取范围 5cm× 5cm～ 16cm× 10cm。结果　皮瓣全部成活 ,未发生血管危象 ,创面Ⅰ期愈合。随访 6个月～ 11年 2个月 ,14例外观功能均恢复良好 ,皮肤质地接近正常 ,负重后无溃疡和骨髓炎复发。结论　足跟部为负重区 ,对皮肤软组织缺损修复要求较高 ,以质地接近的轴型皮瓣或逆行岛状皮瓣修复效果较好