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61.
Ryo Suzuki M.D. Shunsaku Kobayashi 《Documenta ophthalmologica. Advances in ophthalmology》1988,70(4):293-300
Using tension-recording methods, we compared the effects of acetylcholine (Ach) and carbachol on the bovine iris sphincter. The isolated muscle strips were mounted in a 0.2 ml organ bath, through which Krebs solution at 36 °C flowed continuously. There was a tenthousandfold difference in potency between carbachol and Ach in this tissue. Neostigmine or eserine, acetylcholinesterase (AchE) inhibitors, produced a larger contraction of the muscle than did Ach. Ach-induced contractions were potentiated by low doses of anti-AchEs and were inhibited by atropine.This in vitro study suggests that Ach and/or endogenous chemical agents may be spontaneously released from tissues and that AchE activities in this tissue strongly inhibit or mask the Ach action, probably in order to protect the nerve terminals from released Ach. 相似文献
62.
Fast and slow twitch muscle fibers have distinct contractile properties. Here we determined that membrane excitability also varies with fiber type. Na+ currents (INA) were studied with the loose-patch voltage clamp technique on 29 histochemically classified human intercostal skeletal muscle fibers at the endplate border and <200 μm from the endplate (extrajunctional). Fast and slow twitch fibers showed slow inactivation of endplate border and extrajunctional INA and had increased INA at the endplate border compared to extrajunctional membrane. The voltage dependencies of INA were similar on the endplate border and extrajunctional membrane, which suggests thatboth regions have physiclogically similar channels. Fast twitch fibers had larger INA on the endplate border and extrajunctional membrane and manifest fast and slow inactivation of INA at more negative potentials than slow twitch fibers. For normal muscle, the differences between INA on fast and slow twitch fibers might: (1) enable fast twitch fibers to operate at high firing frequencies for brief periods; and (2) enable slow twitch fibers to operate at low firing frequencies for prolonged times. Disorders of skeletal membrane excitability, such as the periodic paralyses and myotonias, may impact fast and slow twitch fibers differently due to the distinctive Na+ channel properties of each fiber type. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
63.
64.
HIDEKI TASHIRO M.D. SAMON KOYANAGI M.D. AKIRA TAKESHITA M.D. 《Echocardiography (Mount Kisco, N.Y.)》1993,10(4):343-350
To elucidate the pathogenesis of mitral regurgitation (MR) after myocardial infarction (MI), the incidence of papillary muscle dysfunction (PMD), mitral annular size, and the extent of wall-motion abnormalities were examined in 81 patients with previous MI by two-dimensional echocardiography and real-time two-dimensional Doppler flow imaging. The prevalence of pathological MR was lower in patients with anterior MI (36%) than in those with inferior (65%) or anterior and inferior MI (88%) (P < 0.01 vs anterior MI group). The incidence of PMD in patients with MR in the anterior MI group (15%) was lower than that in the inferior (50%, P < 0.01) or anterior and inferior MI group (43%, P < 0.05). The mitral annular dimension in patients with MR was significantly greater than in those without MR, but it was similar among the three groups. The extent of wall-motion abnormality correlated significantly with the area of MR jet in the anterior MI group (y = 3.1x + 15.5, r = 0.52, P < 0.01) and in the inferior MI group (y = 8.3x + 32.7, r = 0.57, P < 0.01). However, the slope of this relationship was significantly steeper in the inferior MI group than in the anterior MI group (P < 0.05). These results indicated that the degree of MR with inferior MI was greater than with anterior MI for a given MI area. PMD may play an important role in the higher prevalence and greater degree of MR in inferior MI. 相似文献
65.
S. Peeters U. Blecker J. De Valck A. Goossens M. Hautekeete G. Devis Y. Vandenplas 《European journal of pediatrics》1993,152(2):107-109
We report a 12-year-old boy presenting with smooth muscle antibody-positive auto-immune chronic active hepatitis. Suspicion of the diagnosis arose after a routine blood test which revealed abnormal liver function tests. In spite of the presence of cirrhosis and patchy necrosis on liver biopsy, our patient never showed any clinical feature of impaired liver function. This observation demonstrates that auto-immune hepatitis may exist for a long time before clinical symptoms appear and probably explains why some cases of auto-immune hepatitis finally present as fulminant liver failure. 相似文献
66.
细胞内钙信号的变化调节血管平滑肌细胞增殖 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
目的探讨细胞内钙信号的变化对大鼠血管平滑肌细胞(VSMC)增殖作用的影响及其对细胞内信号转导机制的变化。方法以培养的大鼠VSMC为模型,用雷尼丁(RY)剌激VSMC内贮Ca2 释放入胞浆,用3H亮氨酸及3H胸腺嘧啶掺入量作为反应VSMC增殖的指标,加入不同的细胞内信号转导阻断剂,观察对RY效应的影响。结果与对照组相比,RY浓度依赖性地促进细胞内游离钙浓度的增高,差异显著(P<0.05或0.01)。RY剌激组蛋白核酸合成速率明显增高,与对照组相比差异显著(P<0.01);尼卡地平(Nicardipine),蛋白激酶C抑制剂(H7),钙调素激酶(CaMPK)抑制剂(W7)和丝裂素活化蛋白激酶(MAPK)抑制剂(PD98059)能明显抑制RY介导的VSMC蛋白核酸合成速率增高,与RY剌激组相比差异显著(P<0.01)。结论细胞内钙信号的变化明显促进VSMC增殖,但其效应可能通过Ca2 、PKC、MAPK来介导。钙离子拮抗剂可抑制血管平滑肌细胞增殖。 相似文献
67.
I. Moumoulidis V. S. Durvasula P. Jani 《European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology》2007,264(10):1257-1260
Neck lumps can often present a diagnostic dilemma, with a wide pre-operative differential diagnosis. We present an unusual
case of an intramuscular haemangioma arising in the sternocleidomastoid muscle. Pre operative diagnosis is often difficult,
as these lesions are extremely rare in the head and neck region and only few sporadic cases have been reported in the literature.
We report the presentation diagnosis and management of intramuscular haemangiomas of the sternocleidomastoid muscle. 相似文献
68.
Tadeusz F. Wisniewski 《European Journal of Trauma》2004,30(2):120-123
AbstractBackground: Posterior acromioclavicular dislocation is rare.
Dislocation associated with fracture of the clavicle and
simultaneous entrapment of the lateral end of the clavicle by
trapezius muscle has not been reported. Posterior dislocation
occurs frequently owing to forceful move of the scapula
anteriorly and superiorly or from direct force applied to the
lateral end of the clavicle and this may be associated with
clavicular fracture. In acute dislocations, open reduction,
internal joint stabilization and soft tissues reconstruction
have been recommended.Case Study: Acute posterior dislocation occurred in a 32-year-old man.
The lateral end of the clavicle was displaced posteriorly and
inferiorly, and firmly entrapped in trapezius muscle. The
clavicular fracture was undisplaced. The coracoclavicular
ligaments were stretched but intact. Open reduction was secured
with two smooth Kirschner wires. The disrupted soft tissues were
repaired. The clavicular fracture was not explored. Shoulder
movement started at 6 weeks. Wires were removed. 10 years later
he had pain-free, unrestricted shoulder movement, and the
radiographs showed wellreduced, essentially normal
acromioclavicular joint.Conclusion: Open reduction, internal joint stabilization and soft
tissue reconstruction will result in return and long lasting
unrestricted pain-free function of the shoulder. 相似文献
69.
B. Hohenester A. Rühl O. Kelber† & M. Schemann 《Neurogastroenterology and motility》2004,16(6):765-773
Functional dyspepsia (FD) is amongst the most common functional gastrointestinal disorders. Symptomatic treatment includes the use of herbal preparations whose effects on gastric motility are unclear. The present study aimed at investigating the effects of STW 5 (Iberogast), a fixed combination of hydroethanolic herbal extracts, on gastric motility in vitro. Muscle strips from guinea-pig gastric fundus, corpus and antrum were set up in organ baths either in circular or longitudinal orientation. Addition of ethanol-free STW 5 to the organ baths (32-512 microg mL(-1)) dose-dependently evoked a sustained and reversible relaxation of circular and longitudinal fundus and corpus muscle strips without changes in phasic activity. In contrast, antral muscle strips responded to STW 5 with a significant increase in the contractile force of phasic contractions without changes in tone. All effects were resistant to tetrodotoxin (0.5 micromol L(-1)), atropine (1 micromol L(-1)), omega-conotoxin GVIA (0.5 micromol L(-1)), capsaicin (1 micromol L(-1)) or L-NAME (100 micromol L(-1)), suggesting that neither nerves nor nitric oxide pathways were involved. These data demonstrate that STW 5 profoundly alters gastric motility in a region-specific but not layer-specific manner and thus implicates Iberogast in the treatment of FD patients suffering from motility disorders with impaired fundus accommodation and/or antral hypomotility. 相似文献
70.
目的:探讨黄芪注射液对SHR心肌SERCA的表达及血管平滑肌钙离子含量的影响.方法:将19只自发性高血压大鼠(SHR)与16只Wistar-kyoto大鼠(WKY)随机各分为空白对照组、低黄芪剂量组、中黄芪剂量组、高黄芪剂量组四组,分别每天腹腔注射0.9ml生理盐水和0.9ml、1.2ml、1.8ml的黄芪注射液共8周,再测量大鼠心肌中SERCA的表达和血管平滑肌钙离子含量.结果:SHR生理盐水组心肌SERCA在蛋白水平的表达,较WKY生理盐水组明是下降;SHR大剂量黄芪组心肌SERCA在蛋白水平的表达,较SHR生理盐水组明显升高.SHR生理盐水组血管平滑肌钙离子水平明显高于WKY组:SHR大剂量黄芪组血管平滑肌钙离子水平较SHR生理盐水组明显降低.结论:大剂量黄芪注射液能显著增加SHR心肌SERCA在蛋白水平的表达,能明显的减少SHR血管平滑肌钙离子的水平. 相似文献