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21.
The reverse U incision method has been employed for the correction of the unilateral cleft lip nose deformity for more than twenty years with satisfactory results. It has some columella lengthening effect and thus has proved to be useful for the correction of nasal deformities of bilateral cleft lip. To augment its columella lengthening effect a columella relaxation incision is added to the bilateral reverse U incision for the correction of the bilateral cleft lip nose deformity. This results in a reconstructed columella of satisfactory length and width. 相似文献
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目的探讨亲属活体部分小肠移植术后早期并发症的防治。方法为3例短肠综合征患者和1例肠神经节缺失导致小肠无功能患者施行亲属活体部分小肠移植术,供、受者HLA配型均有4个以上抗原相合,供肠均取自回肠末端,长度为(150±10)cm,应用他克莫司、霉酚酸酯及甲泼尼龙预防排斥反应。术后采取抗凝、改善微循环、输注人白蛋白等措施调控患者的出、凝血功能,预防血管吻合口血栓形成和出血,给予法莫替丁或奥美拉唑预防应激性溃疡;给予头孢三代为主的抗生素、更昔洛韦以及氟康唑预防细菌、病毒及真菌感染,并注重对体表易感染部的消毒和护理;术后鼓励患者多下床活动,早期给予谷氨酰胺,尽早将营养支持治疗过渡为肠内营养,以促进移植肠功能的恢复。结果术后3d,1例患者发生肺部鲍曼不动杆菌感染,经抗生素治疗后控制。1例术后5 d移植肠系膜根部出现血肿,手术清除血肿。2例消化道分泌物及大便中发现真菌生长,给予氟康唑治疗后好转。4例在术后20 d左右均发生急性排斥反应,经加大FK506的用量,并以甲泼尼龙冲击治疗后逆转。4例患者,2例获得长期存活,至今分别存活6年8个月和3年2个月,另2例分别于术后5个月、35 d因感染死亡。结论小肠移植术后早期的并发症较多,与小肠的生理结构有关,术后早期并发症的成功防治是临床小肠移植成败的关键。 相似文献
24.
高奉浔 《中国人民解放军军医大学学报》1989,(1)
Eight cases of mesenchymal chondrosarcoma either of skeletal(5 cases) or extrasketetalorigin (3 cases) are reported. According to histopathological and diagnostic criteria,mesenchymal chondrosarcoma were classified into two types cartilage isiand cell type andundifierentiated small cell type It is believed that the application of this classification in the study ofmesenchymal chondrosarcoma is helptul the estimation of its malignancy and choice of treatmentas well al in the prediction of its prognosis. Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma is a highly malignant neoplasm with poor prognosis. None ofthe patients in this series survived more than five years after they were diagnosed. The diffentialdiagnosis of malignant lymphoma, chondrosarcoma, hemangiopericytosarcoma, etc. was discussed.My data support the assumption that mesenchymal chondrosarcoma originates from the secondarymesenchyme rather than the primary mesenchyme. 相似文献
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26.
Hiroyoshi Komai Yasuaki Naito Keiichi Fujiwara Yasuzo Noguchi 《The Japanese Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery》2002,50(2):55-58
OBJECTIVE: Since we developed the procedure in 1996, we have now performed 100 pediatric open heart operations using a lower midline skin incision and a minimal sternotomy approach. METHODS AND RESULTS: To elucidate the benefits of this approach, we analyzed these 100 cases retrospectively. There was no death, and no major complication, caused by this approach, and the resulting scarring in each patient is difficult to be seen under a common undershirt. CONCLUSION: This review shows that the technique of a lower midline skin incision and minimal sternotomy approach is a safe reliable and cosmetically advantageous method for a pediatric cardiac operation. 相似文献
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28.
Interdigestive small bowel motility and duodenal bacterial overgrowth in experimental acute pancreatitis 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
I. D. Van felius L. M. A. akkermans K. bosscha A. Verheem W. Harmsen† M. R. Visser† & H. G. Gooszen 《Neurogastroenterology and motility》2003,15(3):267-276
The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of an acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP), without biliary obstruction, on the migrating motor complex (MMC), small bowel bacterial overgrowth (SBBO), bacterial translocation (BT) and infection of the pancreas simultaneously. Rats were divided into four groups: mild pancreatitis, control, ANP and sham operated control. Jejunal myoelectrodes were used to measure MMCs. Blood, peritoneal fluid, bile, and abdominal organs were harvested for microbial culturing 72 h after induction of pancreatitis. The splenic portion of the pancreas was taken for histology. During ANP the MMC cycle length was significantly increased from 14.1 +/- 0.2 to 22.4 +/- 1.9 min (P < 0.05). The duodenum of ANP rats was in contrast with the other groups characterized by Enterobacteriacae (> 3 log 10 CFU g-1 in seven of 12 rats, P < 0.05). A positive correlation (r = 0.78, P < 0.01) existed between duodenal Gram-negative and anaerobic flora and the MMC cycle. Correlation between MMC cycle length and BT to the pancreas was positive as well (r = 0.70, P < 0.01). A positive correlation (r = 0.85, P < 0.01) was found between the severity of pancreatitis and duodenal bacterial overgrowth. During ANP without biliary obstruction, the jejunal MMC is disturbed and consequently SBBO occurs. The correlation between the severity of pancreatitis, the disturbance of the MMC and SBBO suggests an important pathophysiological role of the proximal small bowel in the infection of pancreatic necrosis. 相似文献
29.
目的 为提高额颞部除皱术的效果 ,延长有效时间 ,从理论与实际观察探讨额颞部老年化改变形成的原因 ,并采用相应的手术术式进行矫正。方法 肿胀麻醉下 ,通过颞部发际缘切口入路 ,在颞深筋膜浅面剥离 ,内达颞肌前缘及眶外缘 ,下达颧弓上缘 ,后达耳屏前线。额部切口入路在帽状腱膜下剥离 ,下达眶上缘外至颞线后至枕外隆突。口腔内上颊龈沟入路在颧骨及颧弓骨膜下剥离。上述各剥离区域相互贯通 ,最后将颞区皮瓣上提 ,并将颞浅筋膜与颞深筋膜缝合固定。结果 本组共 32例 ,术后眉外侧平均上提 8mm ,鼻唇沟变浅 ,获随访的 7例为术后 3~2 4个月 ,除皱效果满意。结论 本术式旨在通过广泛剥离解除了额颞部皮肤筋膜上提的羁绊 ,同时减少上面部降肌的作用 ,相对增强提肌的作用 ,再辅以筋膜及皮肤上提固定达到除皱的目的 ,效果确实、可靠、安全、持久。 相似文献
30.
V. UMBRAIN J. D'HAESE M. ALAFANDY E. DE ROOVER A. SCHOUTENS B. VAN GANSBEKE A. ALBERT G. GOFFINET F. CAMU F. J. LEGROS 《Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica》1997,41(1):25-34
Background: Liposomes containing local anaesthetics have been administered intrathecally and in the epidural space. Poor attention has been given to the pharmacokinetics of liposomes as drug carriers. Therefore, we observed the biodistribution of liposomes after intrathecal injection in rats by scintigraphic imaging during 24 h.
Methods: We administered99 Tc-labeled multilamellar (MLV) and small unilamellar vesicles (SUV) of defined size and volume dispersities into the cerebrospinal fluid at the lumbar level. Those vesicles were free of contamination by radiolabeled colloids as visualized by light and electron microscopy and of neurotoxic products from phosphatidylcholine hydrolysis and peroxidation, both during the preparation process and after 24 h incubation in cerebrospinal fluid at 37°C in vitro.
Results: SUV immediately diffused from the lumbar site of injection to the head and were cleared between 1 and 24 h after injection. MLV were cleared more slowly from the spinal space and appeared in the head region 1 h after injection where they accumulated up to 24 h. These differences were explained in terms of vesicle sizes and volumes. SUV with 0.05 μm diameters were rapidly absorbed into the blood through the arachnoid granulations. In contrast, particles larger than the upper size limit of the arachnoid granulations permeability (±8 μm) could accumulate in the head with a slow elimination rate.
Conclusion: This difference in clearance from the intrathecal space outlines the importance of defining the size of the liposomes, the distribution of a tracer or a drug inside the liposomal preparation, the chemical stability and the absence of toxic degradation products of liposome formulations before clinical use. 相似文献
Methods: We administered
Results: SUV immediately diffused from the lumbar site of injection to the head and were cleared between 1 and 24 h after injection. MLV were cleared more slowly from the spinal space and appeared in the head region 1 h after injection where they accumulated up to 24 h. These differences were explained in terms of vesicle sizes and volumes. SUV with 0.05 μm diameters were rapidly absorbed into the blood through the arachnoid granulations. In contrast, particles larger than the upper size limit of the arachnoid granulations permeability (±8 μm) could accumulate in the head with a slow elimination rate.
Conclusion: This difference in clearance from the intrathecal space outlines the importance of defining the size of the liposomes, the distribution of a tracer or a drug inside the liposomal preparation, the chemical stability and the absence of toxic degradation products of liposome formulations before clinical use. 相似文献