Haploidentical Bone Marrow Transplantation with Post-Transplant Cyclophosphamide Using Non–First-Degree Related Donors

Outcomes of nonmyeloablative (NMA) haploidentical (haplo) blood or marrow transplant (BMT) with post-transplantation cyclophosphamide (PTCy) using non–first-degree relatives are unknown. We evaluated 33 consecutive adult patients (median age, 56 years) with hematologic malignancies who underwent NMA haplo T cell–replete BMT with PTCy at Johns Hopkins using second- or third-degree related donors. Donors consisted of 10 nieces (30%), 9 nephews (27%), 7 first cousins (21%), 5 grandchildren (15%), and 2 uncles (6%). Thirty-one patients (94%) reached full donor chimerism by day 60. The estimated cumulative incidence (CuI) of grades II to IV acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) at day 180 was 24% (90% confidence interval [CI], 9% to 38%). Only 1 patient experienced grades III to IV aGVHD. At 1 year the CuI of chronic GVHD was 10% (90% CI, 0% to 21%). The CuI of nonrelapse mortality at 1 year was 5% (90% CI, 0% to 14%). At 1 year the probability of relapse was 31% (90% CI, 12% to 49%), progression-free survival 64% (90% CI, 48% to 86%), and overall survival 95% (90% CI, 87% to 100%). The 1-year probability of GVHD-free, relapse-free survival was 57% (90% CI, 41% to 79%). NMA haplo BMT with PTCy from non–first-degree relatives is an acceptably safe and effective alternative donor platform, with results similar to those seen with first-degree relatives.     

Care of women with breast cancer on a surgical ward: nurses' opinions of the need for support for women,relatives and themselves

BACKGROUND: In Sweden women with newly diagnosed breast cancer are admitted to surgical wards in order to undergo surgery and receive postoperative care. On these wards, nursing staff take care of women both with newly diagnosed breast cancer and those with cancer in advanced stages. Nurses have to meet the varying needs of patients and their relatives. AIM: To describe nurses' opinions of the need for care and support for women and their relatives in connection with surgery for breast cancer, as well as their own need for support on a surgical ward. METHODS: Thirty-one nurses from a surgical ward participated in semi-structured interviews. The interviews were tape-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Thereafter a step-by-step, qualitative content analysis was carried out. RESULTS: The nurses described the need to talk and receive information as being the most important among women and their relatives, as well as among themselves. Only a few nurses mentioned the need for physical care among the women. Contact with relatives was described as being almost nonexistent. There was a discrepancy between what nurses described as important needs and how these needs were provided for. CONCLUSION: This study shows that what the nurses described as being the most important needs, and the way how these needs were provided for, was more often seen from a theoretical point of view with few examples of self-experienced situations in the daily care. Needs among women and their relatives seemed to be not fully known to nurses and therefore, possibly, were not met. Nurses themselves had a pronounced need for support, which was sometimes unsatisfactorily met.     

缓解期双相情感障碍I型II型患者及近亲属认知功能对照研究

目的：探讨缓解期双相情感障碍I型、II型患者及其近亲属认知功能的临床特征。方法对50例缓解期双相障碍I型患者（BP‐1组）、50例缓解期双相障碍II型患者（BP‐2组）、50名健康近亲属（亲属组）及50名正常人群（对照组）采用持续操作测验和威斯康星卡片分类测验进行测评分析。结果 BP‐1组、BP‐2组及亲属组持续操作测验的正确数评分显著低于对照组（P＜0．05）,且BP‐1组显著低于BP‐2组和亲属组（P＜0．05）。BP‐1组、BP‐2组和亲属组威斯康星卡片分类测验的错误应答数、非持续性错误数显著高于对照组（P＜0．05或0．01）;BP‐1组、亲属组显著高于BP‐2组（P＜0．01）;BP‐1组和亲属组总应答数、完成分类数、正确率、完成第一个分类数所需要应答数、不能维持完整分类数与对照组及BP‐2组比较差异有显著性（P＜0．05或0．01）。结论缓解期双相情感障碍I型、II型患者及其近亲属存在多维度认知功能损害,I型患者任务管理能力损害较明显,II型患者注意力损害明显。     

青岛城区居民2型糖尿病患者一级亲属不同糖耐量人群的糖和脂肪代谢状况

目的调查青岛城区T2DM一级亲属（FDR）不同糖代谢状态人群的糖、脂代谢异常的患病率。方法从该城区糖尿病流行病学调查数据库中，抽取既往无DM病史者1392例（T2DM患者FDR528例，非糖尿病FDR864例）作为研究对象，检测血压、体脂、OGTT、胰岛素释放试验、血脂、血尿酸（suA），计算WHR、BMI等。结果（1）T2DM患者FDR新诊DM患病率（24．24％）明显高于非糖尿病FDR（17．01％），P=0．00；（2）在FDR新诊DM患者中，单纯FPG≥7.0mmol／L者占6．25％，单纯2hPG≥11．1mmol／L者占30．47％，两者均符合DM诊断标准者占63．28％；（3）糖尿病FDR组WHR、体脂、SBP、DBP、TG、LDL-C、SUA等均显著高于非糖尿病FDR组（P＜0.01）；（4）糖尿病FDR组一种以上代谢异常及代谢综合征的发生率均明显高于非糖尿病FDR组（P=0.00）。结论2型糖尿病一级亲属不仅DM患病率明显高于普通人群，而且常存在超重或肥胖、高血压和血脂异常。     

Levels-of-processing effects in first-degree relatives of individuals with schizophrenia.

BACKGROUND: First-degree relatives of individuals with schizophrenia show cognitive impairments that are similar to but less severe than their ill relatives. We have shown that memory impairments can be improved and prefrontal cortical (PFC) activity increased in individuals with schizophrenia by providing beneficial encoding strategies. The current study used a similar paradigm to determine whether siblings of individuals with schizophrenia (SIBs) also show increases in brain activity when presented with beneficial encoding strategies. METHODS: Twenty-one SIBs and 38 siblings of healthy comparison subjects underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging scans while engaged in deep (abstract/concrete judgments) and shallow (orthographic judgments) encoding. Subjects were then given a recognition memory test. RESULTS: The groups did not differ on encoding or recognition accuracy, and the SIBs benefited from deep encoding to a similar degree as control subjects. The SIBs showed deep encoding-related activity in a number of PFC regions typically activated during semantic processing. However, SIBs showed more activity than control subjects in three subregions of PFC (left BA 44 & BA 47 bilaterally). CONCLUSIONS: Siblings of individuals with schizophrenia benefit from supportive verbal encoding conditions. Like individuals with schizophrenia, SIBs also show increased task-related activity in a larger number of PFC subregions than control subjects during deep verbal encoding.     

护理本科生与母系2级亲属体质类型的相关分析

目的：分析护理本科生与母系2级亲属体质类型的相关性,为疾病预防保健和健康指导提供依据。方法采用中华中医药学会2009年4月发布实施的标准化中医体质量表,对800名护理本科生及其母系2级亲属进行问卷调查。结果护理本科生中平和质145例,占29.1%,母系2级亲属中外祖母平和质118人,占27.1%,外祖父平和质99人,占27.9%,偏颇体质中位居前三位的是：阳虚质、气虚质、淤血质。相关性分析显示：除了护理本科生平和质与外祖父没有相关性外,其余都与母系2级亲属呈正相关。结论母系2级亲属与护理本科生的体质类型有一定的相关性,结合母系2级亲属体质类型及后天因素调理体质,对防止护生体质状态的偏颇可能有一定的帮助。