产后多瘀的血液流变和微循环研究

作者进行了４０例晚期孕妇（３６—４０周）和产妇产褥初期血瘀的血 液流变性和微循环观察，结果发现晚期孕妇和产妇产褥初期的血液粘滞性、聚集性 和凝固性均增强，血液流变学１２项指标均与健康对照组呈显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）。 晚期孕妇微循环加权积分值 ２．１９士 ０．５４．呈轻度微循环障碍，而产妇产褥初 期加权分值３．５２士１．４４，呈明显微循环障碍，结果为不后多瘀提供了客观的生理 病理依据，并进一步分析了其改变机理．提示探索恰当的方法，改善血液流变性、微 循循环状况，是提高生理复原，减少多虚多瘀并发症的可行途径．     

Narcolepsy with cataplexy and pregnancy: a case–control study

This was a retrospective case–control study in 25 patients with narcolepsy with cataplexy and 75 women in the control group. Patients completed the questionnaire by Maurovich‐Horvat et al. (J. Sleep Res., 2013, 22: 496–512). We personally interviewed 25 patients with narcolepsy with cataplexy using the administered questionnaire regarding conception, pregnancy, delivery, perinatal and breastfeeding periods. Patients with narcolepsy with cataplexy reported 59 pregnancies versus 164 in the control group. In 16 cases (27.1%), a disease before pregnancy was present compared with eight cases (4.9%) in the control group (P < 0.001); among them, extrinsic asthma was reported 11 times in the narcolepsy with cataplexy group (P < 0.005). Patients with narcolepsy with cataplexy more often had a single pregnancy compared with controls (P < 0.05). Gestational diabetes was more frequent in patients with narcolepsy with cataplexy (P < 0.05). Induced deliveries were higher in controls (P < 0.009). No differences were found between the groups in terms of duration of pregnancies and complications during and after delivery, as during the puerperium. Neonates from patients had heavier birth weight (P < 0.015). The breastfeeding period was longer in patients (P < 0.01). Modafinil and methylphenidate were the drugs administered in six pregnancies. No significant differences in depression during pregnancy and during puerperium were found between patients and controls. This is the first case–control study in women with narcolepsy with cataplexy related to pregnancy, delivery, childbirth and puerperium. Data suggest that patients have pregnancy outcomes similar to controls. The prevalence of gestational diabetes was higher in women with narcolepsy with cataplexy. Caesarean sections, complications during delivery and normal perinatal period for infants were similar in both groups. Breastfeeding was longer in patients.     

从“治未病”理论谈中国特色“坐月子”

中国特色＂坐月子＂的习俗流传至今有其特殊的价值,作者认为中国特色＂坐月子＂是对＂治未病＂理论的实践和应用。主要从中医学的＂治未病＂理论角度对中国特色＂坐月子＂分析和总结,从而有利于中国特色＂坐月子＂更科学地推广和应用。     

孕产期健康教育与产褥期母婴保健知识及护理能力关系探究

目的对孕产期妇女进行健康教育后其产褥期母婴保健知识的了解情况和护理能力的变化情况进行分析。方法抽取2008年4月～2011年4月来本院进行孕期保健护理的104例孕产期妇女的资料,将其分为A、B两组,平均每组52例。A组孕妇在孕产期进行系统的健康教育;B组孕妇进行非系统健康教育。采用问卷调查的形式,对两组孕妇的产褥期母婴保健知识的了解情况和护理能力的变化情况进行调查分析。结果 A组孕妇的产褥期母婴保健知识的了解情况和自我护理能力均明显优于B组孕妇,且差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论对孕产期妇女采用系统的健康教育方案,可以使孕妇对产褥期母婴保健知识的了解更加透彻,可以使其产褥期的自我护理能力明显提高,应将其作为今后对该类孕妇进行孕产期保健教育的常规项目。     

孕产期保健宣教对产褥期妇女饮食及行为影响

目的 通过比较干预组和对照组产褥期妇女不同休养方式对健康的影响,分析不同饮食、行为与健康的关系。方法 于2010年9月在宁夏银川市社区和海原县乡村随机抽取800 名在妇幼保健机构建有孕期保健卡、身体健康的孕晚期妇女(均为怀孕37 周即将分娩的妇女)作为研究对象,于产前和产后住院期间在干预组对象中进行多种形式营养卫生宣教,对照组不采取干预措施,但仍与干预组接受相同的常规保健服务。结果 干预组对象营养保健知识水平有明显提高,如城市、农村干预组对象认为鸡肉比鸡汤更有营养分别占45.90%和50.00%,认为产妇居室可以开窗通风分别占93.44%和71.21%;干预组对象第2、4 周洗澡、洗头等行为的发生率均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预组便秘、痔疮、腰背痛等疾病的患病率分别为18.03%、11.48%、21.31%,均低于对照组(P<0.01)。结论 采用多种形式的卫生保健宣教方法能有效提高妇女营养保健知识水平从而改善妇女产褥期饮食、行为及健康状况。     

产褥期产妇育儿胜任感研究进展

综述产褥期产妇育儿胜任感水平，对产妇、婴儿的影响，影响因素（人口学因素、社会学因素和心理因素）及干预措施等方面，以期为改善产褥期产妇育儿能力及满意度提供参考。     

运用中医药膳法预防剖宫产产褥期疾病的研究

目的探讨中医饮食疗法预防剖宫产产褥期疾病的效果。方法将72例剖宫产初产妇分为药膳组与对照组各36例,对照组自主饮食,药膳组饮食干预的制定以西医营养为框架,中医食疗为手段,以"治未病"、"补虚祛瘀"理念为原则进食药膳。结果药膳组产后泌乳量、恶露持续时间、排便情况与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(均P0.01);子宫三径之和小于对照组(P0.01);产后宫底下降高度显著优于对照组(P0.01);产妇体重指数显著低于对照组(P0.01)。结论补虚祛瘀饮食疗法可以预防产后缺乳、产后恶露不绝、产后便秘等产褥期疾病,有利于子宫恢复,防范产后肥胖。