中药消白汤治疗妊娠高血压综合征产褥期蛋白尿临床观察

目的 观察中药消白汤对妊娠高血压综合征产褥期蛋白尿的影响。方法 85例患者均接受常规治疗（用硫酸镁解痉降压）,治疗组同时以消白汤为主方,并随症加减治疗;对照组只接受常规治疗;两组均治疗14天,治疗期间每3天查尿常规（中段尿）,每周作24h尿蛋白量测定。结果治疗组43例。显效11例（25．6％）,有效26例（60．5％）,无效6例（14．0％）,总有效率为86．0％。对照组42例。分别为5例（11．9％）、21例（50．0％）、16例（38．1％）和61．9％。治疗组总有效率高于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论 消白汤能减少尿蛋白,缩短蛋白尿持续时间,是一种简单、有效和安全的方药。     

产后康复操对产褥期妇女康复的影响研究

目的：探讨在分娩24h后行产后康复体操训练对产褥期妇女机体各器官康复的影响。方法：选择180例经阴道自然分娩且无并发症的初产妇,随机分为两组：实验组产后24h行产后康复操,对照组按传统方法实施产后护理;两组分别于产后5天、产褥期满（产后42天）和产后6个月进行对比评定。结果：实验组的产妇子宫脱垂的发生率明显低于对照组（P〈0.01）;子宫复旧不良、张力性尿失禁、膀胱膨出、腰骶痛的发生率均比对照组低（P〈0.05）;体重的恢复亦明显优于对照组（P〈0.05）。结论：产后康复操有利于妇女产后康复,可减少诸多并发症的发生,从而提高产后妇女的生存质量。     

晚产褥期与经后放置活性宫内节育器多中心临床比较性研究

目的:总结分析浙江省晚产褥期与经后放置活性宫内节育器(IUD)多中心临床效果比较性研究3年的结果。方法:接受晚产褥组放置对象818例,其中活性γ型IUD 204例,TCu 220C IUD 210例,宫Cu IUD 193例,药铜165 IUD211例;经后组763例,其中活性γ型IUD 195例,TCu 220C IUD 194例,宫Cu及药铜165 IUD各为187例。观察3年使用效果,3年中失访7例,随访率99％以上。结果:晚产褥组3年继续存放率活性γ型IUD92.07/100妇女,TCu220C IUD 86.73/100妇女,宫Cu IUD 84.05/100妇女,药铜165 IUD 81.62/100妇女;经后组3年继续存放率活性γ型IUD 87.18/100妇女,TCu 220C IUD 83.38/100妇女,宫Cu IUD 89.77/100妇女,药铜165 IUD 79.13％,两组的带器妊娠率、脱落率、因症取出率均无统计学差异(P>0.05)。而四种IUD相比较,3年继续存放率活性γ型IUD最高,药铜最低,两种IUD之间有极显著性的差异(P<0.01),因症取出率以TCu 220C IUD最高,其余依次为宫Cu IUD,活性γ型IUD和药铜165 IUD。结论:四种活性IUD均适合于晚产褥期与经后妇女放置。经对晚产褥组观察,放置活性IUD不增加产科并发症,不增加副反应的发生率。对于今后及时落实避孕措施,减少哺乳期妇女妊娠,保障妇女身心健康,将有极为重要的意义。     

Do infants of depressed mothers cry more than other infants?

Objectives: This study compared the crying behaviour of infants of depressed and non-depressed mothers at 3 and 6 months of age.
Methodology Twenty-nine depressed and 44 non-depressed mothers, their infants and partners participated in this study. Mothers were asked to complete 24-hour diaries of the amount their infants cried for 1 week.
Results The diurnal variations in crying patterns of infants of depressed and non-depressed mothers were not significantly different. However, infants of depressed mothers were found to cry significantly more in total per day than infants of non-depressed mothers at 3 months of age, but not at 6 months. The results could not be explained by differences in infant temperament.
Conclusion Maternal depression may be a contributory factor to infant crying at 3 months of age.     

针灸联合小组心理干预治疗产后抑郁症对照研究

目的：探讨针灸联合小组心理干预治疗产后抑郁症患者的临床疗效。方法将48例产后抑郁症患者随机分为两组,每组24例,研究组予以针灸联合小组心理干预,对照组口服文拉法辛治疗,观察6周。于治疗前后采用汉密顿抑郁量表评定临床疗效。结果治疗4周末起两组汉密顿抑郁量表评分较治疗前显著下降（ P＜0．01）,治疗6周末研究组显效率66．7％、总有效率87．5％,对照组分别为53．8％、79．2％,两组比较差异无显著性（χ2＝0．36、0．60,P＞0．05）。研究组未出现明显不良反应,对照组不良反应发生率为25．0％,且程度较轻微。结论针灸联合小组心理干预治疗产后抑郁症疗效显著,不影响产后哺乳,安全性高,依从性好。     

Collaborative study on drug use in pregnancy: the results of the follow-up 10 years after (Novi Sad Centre)

An international multicenter study entitled Collaborative Study on Drug Use in Pregnancy (DUP) was initiated in 1987 by the Mario Negri Institute (Milano) and co-sponsored by the WHO Regional Office for Europe (Copenhagen). The study covered the use of medicines during pregnancy, labour and postpartum period. The Novi Sad centre contributed with 296 questionnaires. The aim of the study was to evaluate the pharmacotherapy by means of comparison, to identify problems in a particular settings and to plan actions toward improvement. The prescribing of some medicines in the Novi Sad center was found to be at the extreme, being among the lowest in the use of iron preparations during pregnancy and among the highest in the use of ergot alkaloids in the postpartum period. Educational efforts have been made to change this practice after the conclusion of the study in 1989. Ten years later, in 1999, the same questionnaire was applied to 100 women in the postpartum period in the same nursery, the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in Novi Sad. The results have shown a distinct improvement with the increase of iron prescribing during pregnancy and almost complete abandonment of postpartum use of ergot alkaloids. In the second study period some other inconsistencies with accepted therapeutical principles were identified. For example, although the use of analgesics fell from 22.3 to 8%, the selection changed towards the high use of metamizole (noraminophenazone) and no use of paracetamol (acetaminophen). It was concluded that international pharmacoepidemiological studies such as DUP, could substantially contribute to the improvement of pharmacotherapy if followed by appropriate actions in changing the prescribing behaviour of the physicians and information directed to the target population.     

Parents' needs to talk about their experiences of childbirth

The purpose was to describe parents' experiences of childbirth and their views about having a postpartum talk. Questionnaires were distributed to parents (350 mothers and 343 fathers) in maternity wards in one hospital in Stockholm during a 4-week period in 1999. Questionnaires from 251 mothers and 235 fathers were analysed. Preparation for childbirth, care received during delivery, and experiences of labour and delivery are described and analysed against whether a postpartum talk, was wanted or not. Comparisons between first-time mothers/fathers and multiple-time mothers/fathers were made. The results show that 66% of first-time mothers, 74% of multiple-time mothers, 58% of first-time fathers, and 30% of multiple-time fathers wanted to talk about the delivery. The issues, which the parents considered should be included in such a postpartum talk were the birth process, normal/complicated delivery, feelings of failure, pain and pain relief. Parents mainly wanted to talk to the midwife who delivered the woman and the best time for the postpartum talk seems to be at the maternity ward before discharge.     

Maternal serum folacin levels during and after normal pregnancy

Maternal serum folacin levels decrease during pregnancy. This decrease could not be explained by hemodilution. Postpartum levels did not increase significantly compared to values measured at partum. In a healthy Dutch pregnant population receiving no vitamin supplementation the folacin status is at risk and after pregnancy it takes considerable time to refill folacin stores.     

Sexual function during the puerperium

Of 328 women interviewed at a postnatal clinic, 166 (50.6%) had resumed sexual intercourse, the average interval after delivery being 5 weeks postpartum. Of the various social and clinical factors examined, resumption of coitus was related only to marital status, vaginal laceration, and continuing vaginal bleeding. Of the sexually active group, 89% were practicing effective contraception.