效益评价中指标筛选及其假设检验

西文介绍了综合效益评价中指标的逐步筛选及其假设检验方法，用该法选出的指标具有独立性强、代表性好的优点。同是分析处理了全国３４家县级医院的投入指标，从中筛选出５个指标参与评价。     

天津市煎炸油卫生状况评价

通过连续８小时的煎炸实验和对市，郊２９个煎炸点的现场卫生学调查及采用羰基值（ＣＯＶ），极性组分（ＰＣ）对所采样品的分析表明，天津煎炸油的总体的卫生质量基本符合国家卫生标准，参考极性组分的ＡＤＩ值并依据本次调查结果，估计天津大部分居民的煎炸食品摄入量安全水平，但对于偏爱煎炸食品者其安全系数明显下降。     

Usefulness of preoperative low dose cisplatin treatment for advanced esophageal cancer

In order to decrease the perioperative complications by preoperative cisplatin chemotherapy, the preoperative single administration of cisplatin (30 mg/m²) was performed weekly from one to six times in 36 consecutive patients with esophageal cancer classified as higher than Stage II. The survival curve of 17 patients in Stage III was significantly better (P<0.05) than that of patients who had been treated without preoperative cisplatin treatment. In 3 of the 12 patients who had locally invasive cancer, either the main tumors or the metastatic lymph nodes, which had invaded the trachea or the left main bronchus, sufficiently receded, so that a curative esophagectomy became possible; 2 of them have survived over 33 months while 1 died of pneumonia 33 months after surgery. The number of perioperative complications was minimal, and thus, we consider that the postoperative use of cisplatin and fluorouracil is indicated in patients in whom a histological response is noted in the resected specimens.This work was partially supported by Grant No. 02454315 from the Japanese Ministry of Education     

海南省妇幼保健机构现状与创等达标的对策

根据《妇幼保健机构等级评审标准》（下称《标准》）要求，对全省２０个妇幼保健机构现状进行了调查。结果显示：我省妇幼卫生工作基础薄弱，离《标准》要求差距较大；各机构间的发展极不平衡；县（市）级机构整体水平偏低，业务用房、人员、设备、床位等建设滞后；服务项目单一，二级专业分科不完善等矛盾较为突出。据此提出，在创等达标工作中，要依靠各级政府，努力争取各方面的支持，抓住机遇，迎接挑战，重点抓好软件建设，加强在职培训，积极引进人才，拓宽服务范围，规范自我，依法服务。     

Current practice in the pre-operative assessment of patients for elective repair of abdominal aortic aneurysmA survey of UK hospitals

A postal survey of 100 hospitals throughout the United Kingdom and Ireland was conducted to assess current practice in the pre-operative assessment and use of pulmonary artery catheters in patients undergoing elective abdominal aortic aneurysm repair. Seventy-four completed questionnaires were received. The survey revealed that 53% of respondents hold designated pre-operative assessment clinics, attended by anaesthetists in 54% and cardiologists in 26%. However, only 4% of respondents have a written protocol for stratifying patients and assessing peri-operative risk. By far the commonest investigation of choice for further cardiological assessment is transthoracic echocardiography (67%). Other investigations of choice are multiple update gated acquisition (MUGA) scan (13%), dipyridamole thallium imaging (9%), exercise ECG (6%), stress echocardiography (1%) and stress MUGA (1%). Two units (3%) never undertook further investigation. Pulmonary artery flotation catheters are used as a routine by 9% of respondents, dependent upon left ventricular ejection fraction by 65%, dependent on other factors by 7% and not used at all by 19%. The survey reveals widespread variation in pre-operative assessment of patients undergoing elective repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm.     

Distinguishment of A 42 Capsomere Structure of Icosohedral Virion from A 32 One by Electron Microsco

ＤｉｓｔｉｎｇｕｉｓｈｍｅｎｔｏｆＡ４２ＣａｐｓｏｍｅｒｅＳｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅｏｆＩｃｏｓｏｈｅｄｒａｌＶｉｒｉｏｎｆｒｏｍＡ３２ＯｎｅｂｙＥｌｅｃｔｒｏｎＭｉｃｒｏｓｃｏｐｅＣｎｅｎＢｉｎｇｙｉｎｇ（陈丙莺）；ＺｈｏｕＴｏｎｇ（周）（Ｄｅｐａｒｔｍｅ...     

磁共振胰胆管成像诊断胆系梗阻性疾病的临床评价

目的　探讨磁共振胰胆管成像 (MRCP)对胆道梗阻性疾病的临床诊断价值。方法　对 42例胆道梗阻患者进行MRCP检查 ,并经手术病理或 /和其它影像学和临床资料证实。结果　①本组MRCP定位诊断率为 10 0 % ,定性准确率为 83 % ;②扩张的胆道表现为枯枝状 2 3例、软藤状 15例、腊肠样 4例 ;③梗阻端呈倒杯口状 6例、截断状 5例、杵状 17例、鸟嘴状 9例、鼠尾状 5例。结论　MRCP对胆道梗阻性疾病定位诊断准确 ,结合MRI及源像对胆道梗阻性疾病的定性诊断也具有较高的特异性 ,是一种安全快捷、非创伤性的检查方法 ,能为胆道梗阻的诊治及术后评估提供可靠的依据。     

农村公共卫生投融资机制存在的问题及对策

当前,农村公共卫生投融资规模不能适应农村居民的卫生服务需要,投融资结构不合理,致使投融资效果不佳,不利于农村卫生事业的发展。为此,需要从四个方面改革农村公共卫生投融资机制:一是要建立健全国家财政投资保障制度,发挥财政在农村公共卫生投资中的主体作用;二是要改革运行模式,拓宽融资渠道;三是要改善投资结构,优化资源配置;四是要创新管理体制,提高农村公共卫生服务能力。     

教学医院学科人才绩效评价体系的构建与应用研究

目的：建立临床医学院学科人才绩效评价体系，促进临床医学院人才建设，提高学科人才管理水平。方法：运用系统方法、层次分析方法、专家咨询法、权值因子判断表法等建立绩效评价指标体系，并在某临床医学院实测应用，反馈验证评价体系的可靠性和科学性。结果：经实测应用，此体系对学科人才的评估总分呈正态分布，一、二级指标区分度较高，三级指标独立性强，其变量间相关率(经偏相关纠正)为2．67％。结论：此评价体系有较强的可靠性和科学性，具有一定的创新性，能综合评价学科人才的绩效水平。