缠绕型和管型冠状动脉内支架在冠心病治疗中的应用

目的　探讨应用缠绕型和管型冠状动脉内支架治疗冠心病的效果。方法　对 2 3例冠心病患者根据不同情况植入冠状动脉内支架 ,其中DeNovo支架 17个 ,Suboptimal支架 6个 ,Bail-out支架 2个。结果　 2 3例患者 2 5支血管植入 2 5个冠状动脉内支架。其中缠绕型支架 9个 ,包括Gianturco -Robin支架2个 ,XT支架 7个 ;管型支架植入 16个 ,均为NIR支架。植入前降支 15个 ,回旋支 2个 ,右冠状动脉 8个。所有支架植入均获得成功。 3例心绞痛复发的患者经造影证实为再狭窄 ,其中XT支架 1个 ,NIR支架 2个 ,总的再狭窄率为 12 % ,缠绕型和管型支架的再狭窄率分别为 11%和 12 .5 %。结论　冠状动脉内支架为治疗PTCA术后急性冠状动脉闭塞、降低再狭窄率的有效措施 ;根据不同的病变合理选择缠绕型和管型支架可提高支架植入的成功率 ,减少并发症。     

PBMV治疗二尖瓣狭窄伴中-重度肺动脉高压

目的评价经皮二尖瓣球囊扩张术（ＰＢＭＶ）治疗二尖瓣狭窄伴中或重度肺动脉高压的疗效。方法用Ｉｎｏｕｅ球囊导管行ＰＢＭＶ治疗二尖瓣狭窄伴肺动脉收缩压≥６０ｍｍＨｇ（８．００ｋＰａ）患者１０１例。用超声心动图和心导管法观察血流动力学效应。结果术后血流动力学明显改善,二尖瓣瓣口面积增加（Ｐ〈０．０１）;肺动脉收缩压及肺循环阻力明显降低（Ｐ〈０．００１）,这些变化在心房颤中层得中尤为明显。结论ＰＢＭＶ治疗严     

经皮球囊二尖瓣成形术治疗风湿性二尖瓣狭窄的体会

目的：初步探讨经皮球囊二尖瓣成形术（PBMV）技术操作中的几个问题及处理对策。方法：采用国产单球囊导管对4例风湿性心脏病二尖瓣狭窄患进行PBMV。结果：4例患均获成功,血流动力学均明显好转。结论：PBMV技术操作中有关几个问题的处理对策是提高手术效果有效可行的方法。     

直接经皮冠脉内支架植入术治疗急性心肌梗死

目的：评价直接冠脉内支架植入术治疗急性心肌梗死的临床疗效。方法：１７例急性心肌梗死患者于症状发作后２～１４小时施行冠脉内支架术。结果：所有患者冠脉再通均获成功。ＴＩＭＩ血流均达到３级。无残余狭窄,血管再通距症状发作时间平均５．７小时,所有患者胸痛均在术后２小时内明显缓解;除２例ＳＴ段持续抬高外,其余病例均在术后２小时ＳＴ段下降〉５０％;心肌酶峰明显提前。１例左主干病变于术后１周发生严重泵衰竭死亡;     

环孢菌素A外用实验研究

目的 从定性、定时二方面探讨环孢菌素Ａ透皮能力。方法 通过对豚鼠的活体、体外透皮实验及抑制实验测定ＣＹＡ透皮能力。结果 （１）环孢菌素Ａ在活体透皮实验中,在促渗剂相同的条件下,随ＣＹＡ浓度增加透皮量增加。（２）环孢菌素Ａ在活体秀皮实验中,在相同的ＣＹＡ浓度条件下加入促渗剂氮酮透皮量多于加入丙二醇透皮量。（３）环孢菌素Ａ在离体透皮实验中,在促渗剂相同的条件下随ＣＹＡ浓度增加透过量增加。（４）环孢菌素     

西京医院冠心病介入治疗537例

目的　总结西京医院冠心病介入治疗的成功率及并发症发生率 .方法　回顾性分析 1998- 12前所有冠心病介入治疗病历完整患者的临床资料 .结果　在 5 37例患者中 ,6 9.3%为不稳定性心绞痛 ,2 0 .3%射血分数≤ 40 .0 % ,6 4.6 %为多支病变 .治疗血管 6 71支、病变 76 9处 ,B,C型病变77.9% .介入治疗病例成功率为 89.2 % .病变成功率 89.1% ,严重并发症发生率为 3.4% (死亡 1.9% ,Q波心梗 2 .0 % ,急症冠脉搭桥术 0 .2 % ) .普遍应用支架前后对比 ,病例成功率提高 (91.0 % vs80 .0 % ,P<0 .0 1) ,严重并发症发生率下降 (2 .6 % vs 6 .4% ,P<0 .0 5 ) .结论　我院病例病情严重 ,介入治疗成功率和并发症发生率与国外文献报道相似 .支架提高了介入治疗的安全性     

选择性PTCA逆转左室重构疗效观察

观察经皮冠脉腔内成形术能否逆转冠心病患的左室重,方法以二维超心动图测量１５例成功实施ＰＴＣＡ的左室收缩功能围术期演变,结果ＬＶＲＭ的ＣＨＤ患术后左室收缩末溶积首先缩小,随后ＬＶＥＳＶ及左室舒张末容积均缩小显;而无ＬＶＲＭ,术后ＬＶＥＳＶ及ＬＶＥＤＶ均无变化。     

Suppression of neointimal thickening by a newly developed HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor,BAYw6228, and its inhibitory effect on vascular smooth muscle cell growth

1. The aim of this study was to determine whether BAYw6228 (BAYw), a newly developed 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor, could suppress an atherogenic process such as intimal thickening by a mechanism other than lowering the level of serum cholesterol.
2. First, we evaluated the in vitro effect of BAYw on the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (SMC) from various species: Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, New Zealand (NZ) white rabbits, intimal cells from Watanabe hereditary hyperlipidemic (WHHL) rabbit and SMC from the new-born human aorta. The increasing rate of total protein content of these cells was inhibited by the addition of BAYw in a dose-dependent fashion. In the presence of 2% foetal calf serum (FCS), the value of IC₅₀ was 1.0 μM in SD rats. 2.1 μM in NZ white rabbits, and 0.3 μM in WHHL rabbits. With human SMC, the value was 0.02 μM in the presence of 10% FCS and 0.2 μM with a mixture of growth factors.
3. Based on these above in vitro findings, we next examined the in vivo effect of the agent to determine whether it could suppress rabbit intimal thickening induced by balloon catheterization. A balloon catheter was inserted from a peripheral branch of the left external carotid artery to the aorta to denude the endothelium of the left common carotid artery in Japanese white rabbits. After 12 days they were divided into control and BAYw groups. The former were subcutaneously injected with saline and the latter with BAYw 1 mg kg⁻¹ day⁻¹. Two days after the beginning of treatment, a second balloon injury was performed to the previously injured left common carotid artery in both groups. After another two weeks, the left common carotid artery was removed and variously stained. Although the total serum cholesterol in the BAYw group was significantly lower than in the control (P<0.05), the difference was not enough to affect intimal thickening. In addition, the BAYw group had a smaller intima/media ratio than the control group, decreasing to 45% of control (P<0.05). By anti-α smooth muscle actin antibody staining, these intimal thickening areas were entirely occupied by SMCs, and their amount was attenuated by BAYw. By anti-rabbit macrophage antibody (RAM 11) staining, the number of positive cells in the intimal thickening was markedly decreased in the BAYw group compared to control (P<0.01).
4. These results indicate that BAYw has an inhibitory effect on intimal thickening by attenuating intimal SMC proliferation and infiltration of macrophages, suggesting that BAYw could be effective in the prevention of the progression of atherosclerotic plaque-like restenosis after angioplasty.

     

Variation in von Willebrand's Factor according to the treatment of acute myocardial infarction: physiopathological and clinical implications

To investigate whether von Willebrand's Factor (vWF) changesas a result of the reperfusion strategy during acute myocardialinfarction (AMI), vWF was measured on days 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5and 15 in 34 patients with AMI. Thrombolysis was initiated in22 patients and followed by a coronary angiogram 90 min later.In 13 patients the infarct-related artery was then patent (THRgroup). In nine patients the infarct-related artery was occludedand rescue percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty wasperformed (group THR+rPTCA). In 12 patients, primary PTCA wascarried out (pPTCA group). Admission values of vWF were similarlyhigh in the three groups, while changes in vWF over the followingdays were statistically different among the groups. No significantchange was observed in THR, whereas a significant and prolongedincrease was found after failed thrombolysis with PTCA (peakincrease at day 5:1·54±;0·04 U. ml^–1).In the pPTCA group, a significant increase could only be foundon day 3 (0·96 ±; 0·04 U. ml^–1).Absence of a statistical rise in vWF might be a late indicatorof successful thrombolysis. The prolonged increase in vWF afterfailed thrombolysis needing rescue PTCA probably reflects ahigher resistance to thrombolysis, While the slight but significantincrease in vWF following primary PTCA could be due to vascularinjury.     

Percutaneous transluminal renal angioplasty in patients with solitary kidney

We report our experience with percutaneous transluminal angioplasty of renal arteries (PTRA) in solitary kidney patients. Our series includes 31 patients (mean age: 52 years). 7 with solitary kidney following surgical nephrectomy and 24 with functioning solitary kidney. PTR indicated in presence of stenoses ranging from 60–95 % of vessel lumen. Procedure, with 29 patients were technically successful and mean values for stenosis dropped from 77 % to 33 %. In order to assess the results technically, changes in arterial blood pressure (according to Martin's classification) and creatinine levels were considered. Of 25 followed-up patients, 13 were cured (52%), 8 improved (32%),and 4 were unchanged (16%%). Complications were observed during procedures in five patients (16. 1 % ), superimposing that of nonsolitary kidney patients. Good revasculariiation, reduction of blood pressure, preservation or even improvement of renal function and low complications, make PTRA the best procedure with solitary kidney patients.