胰腺实性-假乳头状瘤影像与病理诊断分析

目的 探讨胰腺实性-假乳头状瘤的影像及病理学的诊断要点。资料与方法 回顾分析11例经手术切除、病理学和免疫组织化学证实的胰腺实性一假乳头状瘤患者的临床资料，以比较其影像和病理学特点。结果 (1)本病多发于30岁以下女性，临床主要表现为腹痛。(2)CT、MRI表现为肿瘤内有实性和囊性结构，可分为3型；特征性表现为“浮云征”。(3)肿瘤大部分位于胰腺，多有完整包膜，不伴有胆总管扩张。(4)病理学特点为肿瘤实性部分由实性区、假乳头区及两者过渡区以不同比例混合而成。囊性区由坏死、液化、陈旧性出血组成。(5)肿瘤的囊实性结构是形成“浮云征”的病理基础。结论 胰腺实性-假乳头状瘤有相对特征性的影像和病理学表现，术后预后较好。     

思他宁对人胰腺癌细胞株ASPC-1的生长调控

目的:观察思他宁对人胰腺癌细胞ASPC-1的生长作用.方法:细胞培养,分别加入不同浓度的思他宁.应用MTT法来观察细胞增殖程度;放免法测定细胞内cAMP含量;荧光法测定[Ca2 ]i.结果:不同浓度的思他宁(10-11～10-6mol/L)均能有效地抑制ASPC-1的生长,能抑制ASPC-1细胞内cAMP生成和细胞内钙离子水平,cAMP生成量和细胞内钙离子水平与思他宁浓度呈负相关.结论:思他宁能抑制ASPC-1细胞的生长,经过特异性受体调节.     

烟酰胺对高糖介导胰岛细胞bax及bcl-2表达的影响

目的 探讨烟酰胺对高糖环境下胰岛细胞bax及bel-2蛋白表达的影响。方法 体外培养大鼠胰岛细胞，应用免疫组化方法检测培养液中葡萄糖终浓度为22．2mmol／L及加入烟酰胺后胰岛细胞bax及bcl-2蛋白表达。结果 培养液中葡萄糖终浓度为22．2mmol／L时，胰岛细胞bax表达阳性，bcl-2表达较对照组降低。加入烟酰胺后bax表达降低，bcl-2表达增强。结论 烟酰胺能够上调bcl-2表达，下调bax表达，在高糖介导的胰岛细胞损伤中起一定作用。     

反义核苷酸抑制人高迁移率族蛋白1表达对胰腺癌细胞的影响

目的　构建高迁移率族蛋白 1(HMGB1)基因的反义真核表达载体 ,寻找胰腺癌基因治疗新途径。方法应用分子克隆技术构建HMGB1基因反义真核表达载体 pcDNA3 1/antisense HMGB1,转染胰腺癌细胞株PANC 1,通过逆转录 聚合酶链反应 (RT PCR)、免疫印迹法 (Westernblot)、噻唑蓝 (MTT)比色法检测转染 4 8h后胰腺癌细胞HMGB1基因表达和体外增殖活性的变化。结果　成功构建 pcDNA3 1/antisense HMGB1反义真核表达载体。所获反义表达载体 pcDNA3 1/antisense HMGB1转染可使PANC 1细胞HMGB1mRNA和蛋白表达水平显著降低 (P <0 0 1)。反义 pcDNA3 1/antisense HMGB1的导入能有效抑制PANC 1增殖活性 (P <0 0 1)。 结论　应用反义RNA技术阻断HMGB1基因的表达 ,能有效抑制癌细胞的体外增殖活性 ,为基因治疗提供了新思路     

VALUE OF COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY FOR EVALUATING THE INJECTION SITE IN ENDOSONOGRAPHY‐GUIDED CELIAC PLEXUS NEUROLYSIS

Endosonography‐guided celiac plexus neurolysis (EUS‐CPN) safely and effectively relieves pain associated with intra‐abdominal malignancies when the neurolytic is accurately injected. We applied contrast medium to evaluate the ethanol injection sites in patients who received EUS‐CPN due to abdominal pain caused by malignancies. We injected, under the guidance of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS), ethanol containing 10% contrast medium into the celiac plexus of patients with intra‐abdominal pain due to malignancies. Immediately after the endoscopic therapy, patients underwent computed tomography (CT) to confirm the injection site. Images of distribution of injected solutions were classified into three groups. Injected solution dispersed in unilateral and bilateral anterocrural space was defined as ‘unilateral injection’ or ‘bilateral injection’, respectively. Injected solution located out of the anterocrural space was defined as ‘inappropriate injection’. Pre‐ and postprocedure pain was assessed using a standard analog scale. Before and 2, 4, 8, 12, and 16 weeks after the procedure, pain scores were evaluated. From April 2003 to May 2005, 13 patients were enrolled in this study. Improvement of pain score in the ‘bilateral injection’ and ‘unilateral injection’ groups was significantly superior to the change in the ‘inappropriate injection’ group. Although EUS‐CPN was effective in eight of 13 patients (61.5%), additional EUS‐CPN to the ‘inappropriate injection group’ increased the response rate to 84.6%. Injection of ethanol to the anterocrural space by EUS‐CPN produced adequate pain relief. Immediate examination by CT for confirmation of injection sites after EUS‐CPN would increase the likelihood of induction of pain relief.     

EFFECTIVENESS OF CYTODIAGNOSIS WITH PANCREATIC DUCT LAVAGE FLUID FOR PANCREATIC DUCTAL CARCINOMA: NEW SAMPLING TECHNIQUE

Background: Pancreatic carcinoma is one of the most lethal cancers. Because pancreatic carcinoma is still very difficult to diagnose in its early stage, many of these patients will be considered unsuitable for surgery. If a cytological diagnosis is obtained at initial endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), suitable treatment will be initiated without delay. Methods: To increase the number of exfoliated cells from the pancreatic duct, we devised a new technique, pancreatic duct lavage fluid (PDLF), following bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. The present paper reports the effectiveness of cytological examination using PDLF in the diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma. We examined 18 pancreatic carcinoma cases. After the endoscopic retrograde pancreatography (ERP), PDLF was collected from a double‐lumen catheter inserted into the main pancreatic duct. Saline injected from the lumen for the injection, and PDLF was aspirated from the other lumen for the guidewire at the same time. The cytological examination was performed using PDLF. Results: Exfoliated cells were more frequently found in PDLF from all patients. In 15 cases (83%), cytological examination of PDLF revealed positive cytological results as the diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma. Conclusion: Cytological examination using PDLF has a high sensitivity for detection of pancreatic carcinoma. The new examination, PDLF, is simple, safe and effective, so we expect PDLF to become widely popular.     

Effect of the diabetogenic agent dithisone on zinc concentration in pancreatic islets of animals of different species

Research Institute of Pharmacology, Tomsk Scientific Center, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR. Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 113, No. 1, pp. 53–55, January, 1992.     

小鼠实验性糖尿病对胰腺腺泡细胞形态学的影响

为了探讨实验性糖尿病对胰腺腺泡细胞的影响，我们用四氧嘧啶对小鼠建造糖尿病模型。８ｗｋ后，取小鼠胰尾组织作光镜和电镜观察。结果：实验性糖尿病小鼠胰腺内部分腺泡细胞萎缩、细胞排列松散，并有大量慢性炎症细胞浸润。电镜下可见粗面内质网扩张，线粒体嵴紊乱、空泡变性，胞浆内出现髓样小体，酶原颗粒减少。表明实验性糖尿病对小鼠胰腺腺泡细胞的结构有一定的损害作用，进而使胰腺外分泌部的分泌功能受到影响。     

大鼠实验性脾虚证胰岛A、B和D细胞的免疫组织化学研究

用免疫组织化学ＰＡＰ法显示实验性脾虚组和正常对照组大鼠胰岛Ｂ细胞（胰岛素细胞）、Ａ细胞（胰高血糖素细胞）和Ｄ细胞（生长抑素细胞）．结果显示，实验组胰岛素分泌升高（Ｐ＜０．０１），胰高血糖素和生长抑素分泌下降（Ｐ＜０．０５）。实验结果提示大鼠胰岛Ａ、Ｂ和Ｄ细胞分泌活动的变化与脾虚证的症候可能有密切关系。     

川芎嗪对环孢素引起的大鼠胰岛β细胞毒性防护作用的实验研究

给大鼠应用环孢素(CsA)50mg/kg·d灌胃,共10天,引起高血糖症及血浆和胰腺组织中胰岛素水平下降。同时联合应用川芎嗪(LIG)50mg/kg·d共10天,能有效地防止和(或)减轻CsA引起的上述变化。LIG还有效地减轻了CsA引起的尿血栓素B_2和尿血栓素B_2/6-酮-前列腺素F_(1α)值的升高。结果提示LIG对CsA引起的胰岛β细胞毒性的防护作用可能与调节前列胰素代谢有关。