Mouse Colon Carcinoma Cells Established for High Incidence of Experimental Hepatic Metastasis Exhibit Accelerated and Anchorage-Independent Growth

Highly metastatic variants of mouse colon 38 colon carcinoma cells were established by repeated selection in vivo for liver metastasis and designated as SL4 cells. The SL4 cells formed colonies in the liver of 100% of syngenic mice when injected intrasplenically, while the incidence of liver metastasis was 27% of mice injected with parental cells. The weight of livers, which is an indicator of experimental hepatic metastasis formation, was significantly higher after intrasplenic injection and subsequent splenoctomy with SL4 cells than colon 38 cells. The incidence of hepatic metastasis after intracecal injection of SL4 cells was significantly higher than that of colon 38 cells. The SL4 cells were tested in vitro for their properties. Differences were not detected in the motility and invasive behavior between colon 38 cells and SL4 cells. SL4 cells showed a higher proliferation rate than colon 38 cells under adherent conditions. SL4 cells maintained a capacity to proliferate under non-adherent conditions whereas parental cells did not. SL4 cells should be a useful tool to study the mechanism of hepatic metastasis of colon carcinoma cells and to develop methods to prevent hepatic metastasis.     

应用微囊化转基因细胞进行小鼠腹腔移植的实验研究

目的:探讨微囊化转基因细胞用于异体细胞移植治疗的可能性。方法:使用静电液滴技术制备海藻酸钠-壳聚糖微胶囊,包埋转入癌胚抗原部分基因的人成纤维样骨髓基质细胞,进行实验小鼠腹腔移植。结果:微囊化人源细胞移植到小鼠腹腔3个月内,细胞可以继续生长、增殖并提高小鼠的兔疫功能。结论:海藻酸钠-壳聚糖作为成囊材料具有良好的生物相容性、囊膜强度和免疫隔离作用;微囊化细胞移植有助于扩大异体移植的细胞来源,并为构建微囊化转基因细胞疫苗治疗恶性肿瘤的研究提供了可靠的依据。     

Production of a strain of human osteogenic sarcoma cell line HOS transplantable into nude mice and rats

All-Union Oncologic Scientific Center, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR. Institute of Virology, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 106, No. 10, pp. 471–472, October, 1988.     

Hepatic reinnervation following orthotopic liver transplantation in man.

We have studied changes in the pattern of intrinsic hepatic innervation in sequential liver biopsies from 16 patients who underwent orthotopic liver transplantation. Seventy-one needle biopsies were used, including specimens obtained at the time of transplantation (time zero) and up to 4 years post-transplantation; five transplant hepatectomy tissue blocks removed 3-32 months after transplantation were also assessed. Paraffin sections were immunostained with anti-PGP 9.5 and anti-S-100 to identify nerve fibres. All 'time zero' biopsies contained portal nerves and all but two showed staining of parenchymal fibres. After 1 week, no subsequent biopsies contained parenchymal fibres. The disappearance of portal fibres was less rapid and showed greater variability between patients, but they had all disappeared by 6 weeks and there was no positive staining between 6 and 60 weeks. Thereafter, a minority of biopsies showed innervation of a few small portal tracts. Samples from the porta hepatis, hepatectomy specimens, and needle biopsies containing large tracts showed persistence of major nerve trunks at all stages. Abnormally large nerve bundles were seen in some of these areas. The pattern of nerve staining showed no obvious relationship to the intensity of rejection changes. Our results suggest that there is a limited, delayed capacity for regeneration of portal, but not parenchymal, fibres in the transplanted human liver. The physiological significance of this long-term parenchymal denervation in transplanted livers remains to be determined.     

Heart rate reactivity and heart period variability throughout the first year after heart transplantation

Heart rate reactivity to mental stress is substantially blunted early after heart transplantation, suggesting that the loss of neural modulation limits the cardiovascular response to mental stress. We tested whether reactivity to mental stress recovers during the first year after heart transplantation. Hemodynamic and respiratory responses to mental arithmetic challenge were studied in 20 heart transplant recipients 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery. A normal comparison group was studied at equivalent intervals. Heart rate reactivity to mental arithmetic was significantly reduced in the cardiac transplant group compared to the normal subjects. This effect persisted up to 1 year after transplantation. Heart period variability in the heart transplant recipients was minimal in all three-test sessions. The findings suggest that no functional reinnervation or other compensatory adaptation occurs up to 1 year after heart transplantation.     

Recurrent high level parvovirus B19/genotype 2 viremia in a renal transplant recipient analyzed by real-time PCR for simultaneous detection of genotypes 1 to 3

Organ transplant recipients infected with parvovirus B19 frequently develop persistent viremia associated with chronic anemia and pure red cell aplasia. In this study, a male renal transplant recipient who had been infected with parvovirus B19/genotype 2 after renal transplantation at the age of 34 years is described. The patient was repeatedly treated with high dose intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) that resulted in the resolvement of symptoms but not in virus eradication. During an observation period of 33 months after transplantation three phases associated with high parvovirus B19 viremia were observed. Both the first and the second viremic phases were combined with severe anemia. Parvovirus B19 specific IgM-antibodies were initially detected at the beginning of the second phase in continually rising concentrations. Initially eradication of the virus by immunoglobulin therapy was reported after the first viremic phase [Liefeldt et al. (2002): Nephrol Dial Transplant 17:1840-1842]. Retrospectively this statement has to be corrected. It was based on the use of a qualitative PCR assay specific for parvovirus B19 genotype 1 associated with reduced sensitivity for detection of genotype 2. After sequence analysis of the viral DNA and adjustment of a real-time PCR assay (TaqMan) for quantitative detection of all three B19 virus genotypes analysis of consecutive serum samples allowed the demonstration of long lasting phases with reduced viral loads following IVIG-treatment. These results demonstrate that IVIG treatment of parvovirus B19-triggered anemia in transplant recipients offers an opportunity to resolve symptoms, but does not guarantee eradication of the virus. Since reactivation of parvovirus B19 infection can result in high virus load associated with the recurrence of symptoms repeated screening for viral DNA is recommended using the TaqMan system established for quantitative detection of all three genotypes of parvovirus B19.     

Cell cholesterol esters and high-density lipoprotein plasma levels during liver hyperplasia in choline-fed male and female rats

Sexual dimorphism exists in the response of rats to lead nitrate, liver hyperplasia occuring earlier and being more pronounced in males. Excess dietary choline in females shifted the growth pattern towards that of males. To determine whether phosphatidylcholine-induced growth modulations could be related to a derangement of cholesterol metabolism, liver accumulation of cholesterol esters and plasma lipoprotein patterns were investigated. In males, lead-induced liver hyperplasia was associated with increased total cholesterol hepatic content, accumulated cholesterol esters and reduced concentration of plasma High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. Females were less responsive to the liver mitogenic signal of lead nitrate; there was no elevation of cholesterol content nor any marked accumulation of cholesterol esters. This is consistent with the lack of change in the plasma levels of HDL cholesterol. Continuous choline feeding displaced the liver cholesterol ester pattern and plasma HDL cholesterol levels in females, and in parallel that of DNA synthesis, towards those of males. Choline was not observed to have any effect in males. These results suggest that the derangement of phosphatidylcholine metabolism induces growth-related changes in cholesterol turnover; they are consistent with the proposal that the intracellular content of cholesterol esters may have a role in regulating liver growth rates.     

放射损伤对于移植的骨髓间充质干细胞在受体大鼠不同器官中植入的影响

目的： 探讨放射损伤对于骨髓间充质干细胞（MSCs）移植后在受体大鼠不同器官中植入的影响以及可能的机制。方法：采用DNA缺口末端标记法(TUNEL)检测正常对照组和单纯放射组大鼠心脏、肾脏、肝脏、肺脏的细胞凋亡率。应用密度梯度离心法结合贴壁法提取雄性大鼠骨髓MSCs，培养后把MSCs移植到［60COγ］照射和未经照射的雌性大鼠体内，通过PCR和Y染色体荧光原位杂交（Y- FISH）示踪雄性大鼠MSCs在雌性大鼠体内的分布情况。结果：照射后大鼠心脏、肾脏、肝脏、肺脏细胞凋亡率显著高于对照组。PCR结果显示照射后移植MSCs的大鼠心脏、肾脏、肝脏、肺脏和外周血中可以扩增出Sry基因的DNA序列，而且Y- FISH显示照射后移植MSCs的大鼠在心脏、肾脏、肝脏、肺脏中可发现Y染色体阳性的细胞。但是未经照射行MSCs移植的大鼠在上述器官中未发现Y染色体阳性的细胞。结论：全身放射促进组织细胞的凋亡，并导致移植的MSCs在受体大鼠心脏、肾脏、肝脏和肺脏的植入。     

血小板活化因子受体拮抗剂的抗内毒素肝损伤作用研究

本文研究了血小板活化因子受体拮抗剂ＢＮ５２０２１及ＢＮ５０７３９的抗大鼠内毒素肝损伤的作用。结果表明ＢＮ５２０２１及ＢＮ５０７３９能使内毒素所致的肝线粒体膜磷脂降解及溶血磷脂的聚集，脂质过氧化反应的增强以及机体抗氧化能力的降低得到明显改善，提示ＢＮ５２０２１及ＢＮ５０７３９是两种强有效的抗内毒素肝损伤的药物，用于内毒素肝损伤的治疗。