Flavones with free radical scavenging activity fromGoniothalamus tenuifolius

From the leaves of Goniothalamus tenuifolius, a new natural product namely 3'-hydroxy-3,5,7,4'-tetramethoxyflavone (1) was isolated, along with seven other known compounds (2-8). Each of these isolates was evaluated for free radical scavenging activity on the DPPH decoloration test. The data obtained in this study suggested that the ortho 3',4'-diphenolic structure was essential for the activity of these flavonol derivatives.     

The Effect of Acidity Coefficient on the Crystallization Properties and Viscosity of Modified Blast Furnace Slag for Mineral Wool Production

The crystallization and viscosity of modified blast furnace slag are key factors in fiber forming conditions. In this paper, the crystallization behavior of modified blast furnace slag under continuous cooling conditions was studied by differential scanning calorimetry, and its crystallization kinetics with different acidity coefficients were established. On this basis, the evolution law of the crystallization phase and the influence of crystallization on the viscosity of modified blast furnace slag with different acidity coefficients were analyzed. The results indicated that the crystallization phases of slag with acidity coefficients of 1.05 and 1.20 were, respectively, Melilite and Anorthite. During the cooling process at the acidity coefficient of 1.05, the critical rates of precipitation of Melilite and Anorthite were 50 °C/s and 20 °C/s, respectively, while they were 20 °C/s and 15 °C/s, respectively, at the acidity coefficient of 1.20. With the increase of the acidity coefficient, the crystal growth mode of slag changed from two-dimensional and three-dimensional mixed crystallization to surface nucleation and one-dimensional crystallization. The crystallization activation energy of slag with acidity coefficients of 1.05 and 1.20 were 698.14 kJ/mol and 1292.50 kJ/mol, respectively. In addition, the change trend of viscosity was related to crystal size and content.     

改良外剥内扎术结合中药治疗混合痔250例

目的观察改良外剥内扎手术结合中药治疗混合痔的临床疗效。方法对250例混合痔患者采用改良外剥内扎手术治疗,外痔少量或部分切除,尽量多剥离,针对有病灶的内痔黏膜予以结扎;术后予太宁栓和消炎痛栓肛塞,痔疾宁溶液熏洗和坐浴,以红油膏、白玉膏、生肌散等中药外敷换药。结果治愈215例,好转35例,无效0例,总有效率为100%。结论本方法操作简单,患者痛苦小,手术后遗症少,值得推广。     

Surgical management strategy for leiomyosarcoma of Zone I-II inferior vena cava: A case series

Objectives:Leiomyosarcoma of inferior vena cava (IVC) is a rare clinical entity with severe vascular involvement. Surgical management of leiomyosarcoma is still challenging.Methods:This a retrospective study of consecutive patients referred to our hospital from January 2017 to June 2019. Depending on the anatomical site of affected IVC, leiomyosarcomas were categorized into zone I-II. The clinical data including baseline information, surgical parameters, peri-operative management, short- and mid-term outcomes were observed.Results:Four patients with leiomyosarcoma of zone I-III underwent radical resection without intraoperative mortality. Prosthetic grafts were interpositioned in all patients to instruct vena cava. Renal vein reconstruction was perfumed in two patients due to involvement to renal veins. Median blood loss was 450 mL (200–600 mL), median operative time was 215 minutes (150–240 minutes). No Clavien-Dindo IIIa or higher complication was observed. No organ dysfunction and recurrence were observed with median follow-up of 25.5 months.Conclusions:Curative resection of zone I-II leiomyosarcoma is associated with longer survival in selected cases, en-bloc resection with complex vascular reconstruction could be considered.     

Subtle effects of herbicide use in the context of genetically modified crops: a case study with glyphosate (Roundup)

Research on the effects of glyphosate and seed germination spans 30 years. Despite several studies reporting detrimental effects of the herbicide on seedling germination and growth, glyphosate is still being registered for use as a weed killer and preharvest desiccant. Its nonselective nature and low chance of species developing resistance has lead to the development of genetically modified crops tolerant to the herbicide which also raises concerns about increased reliance on herbicide use, and subtle ecological impact.This paper presents the result of a literature review on past studies mostly, on crop species, and the results of a new experiment performed with emphasis on noncrop species. The new experimental part attempted to determine whether glyphosate (Roundup®) would have an effect on the germination and growth of the F1 generation of seeds produced by plants sprayed with the herbicide. It was designed to mirror spray drift which might affect noncrop plants in nontarget drift zones. Of the 11 species tested using treatments of 0% (control), 1%, 10% or 100% of a 890 g a.i./ha label rate solution sprayed near seed maturity, seven showed a significant effect of the glyphosate treatment on germination and/or growth characteristics.Results of this experiment together with several previous studies reviewed in this paper suggest that there are significant effects to keep in mind when using herbicides such as glyphosate as severe ecological changes could occur.     

Role of 5-lipoxygenase pathway in the regulation of RAW 264.7 macrophage proliferation

Arachidonic acid (AA) metabolites control cell proliferation, among other physiologic functions. RAW 264.7 macrophages can metabolise AA through the cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase (LOX) pathways. We aimed to study the role of AA-metabolites derived from 5-LOX in the control of RAW 264.7 macrophage growth. Our results show that zileuton, a specific 5-LOX inhibitor, and nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA), a non-specific LOX inhibitor, inhibit cell proliferation and [(3)H]-thymidine incorporation in a concentration-dependent fashion. Growth inhibition induced by NDGA can be explained by an apoptotic process, while zileuton does not seem to induce apoptosis. Moreover, these treatments delay the cell cycle, as analysed by flow cytometry. On the other hand, the leukotriene (LT) B(4) receptor antagonist U-75302, the LTD(4) receptor antagonists LY-171883 and MK-571, and the cysteinyl-LT receptor antagonist REV-5901 also inhibit cell proliferation and [(3)H]-thymidine incorporation in a concentration-dependent manner, and delay the RAW 264.7 cell cycle. However, these antagonists did not induce annexin V staining, caspase activation or DNA fragmentation. Furthermore, we demonstrated that exogenous addition of LTB(4) or LTD(4) revert the cell growth inhibition induced by zileuton or the leukotriene receptor antagonists mentioned above. Finally, we observed that LTB(4) and LTD(4), in the absence of growth factors, have pro-proliferative effects on macrophages, and we obtained preliminary evidences that this effect could be through mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathways. In conclusion, our results show that the interaction between LTB(4) and LTD(4) with its respective receptor is involved in the control of RAW 264.7 macrophage growth.     

损伤控制外科及加速康复外科理念在腹腔镜胃癌根治术中的应用

目的探讨损伤控制外科及加速康复外科理念在腹腔镜胃癌根治术中的应用价值。方法回顾性分析2013年2月-2014年2月实施腹腔镜胃癌根治术280例的临床资料,140例采用损伤控制外科及加速康复外科治疗方法作为观察组,140例采用传统治疗方法作为对照组,比较两组患者术后肛门通气时间、术后住院时间、住院费用和术后并发症发生情况。结果与对照组比较,观察组术后肛门通气早、术后住院时间短、住院费用降低（P〈0.05）,并不增加手术相关并发症的发生率（P〉0.05）。结论损伤控制外科及加速康复外科理念用于腹腔镜胃癌患者安全可行、有效,可加速患者的术后康复过程,与传统方法比较具有一定的优势,值得临床推广应用。     

糖尿病早期内耳损伤听力学改变的实验研究

目的研究糖尿病内耳损伤早期的听力学改变及其机制。方法建立糖尿病动物模型,每日检测动物血糖,持续2周。实验前后检测ABR及DPOAE,2周后检测血脂、超氧化物岐化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSHPx）、血清丙二醛（MDA）,并与对照组比较。结果模型组大鼠的血糖、血脂增高,GSH-Px的活性下降,ABR阈值无显著变化,DPOAE的反应幅值下降,与正常组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论糖尿病造成大鼠内耳损害的机制与机体代谢紊乱引起内耳毛细胞的氧化损伤有关;这种损伤所致的耳声发射的异常改变早于听性脑干反应异常的出现。