刺五加混悬剂小鼠体内药动学研究

目的 考察刺五加混悬剂小鼠体内药动学特征。方法 分别采用药理效应法中的效量法与药效法,选择吞噬指数为检测指标,研究刺五加在小鼠体内药动学规律。结果 效量法:K_(el)=0.2d~(-1) K_a=2.5d~(-1),AUC(S_o)=10.4g·kg~(-1)·d,VRT=19.3d~2。药效法:K_(el(ef))=0.1d~(-1),K_(a(ef))=2.9d~(-1),AUC(S_o)_((ef))=62.7(％)·d,VRT_((ef))=43.2d~2。药效法所得数据大于效量法,说明药效的出现有滞后性。结论 用药理效应法研究刺五加有效成分的体内药动学规律是可行的,并且首次得到了有关药动学数据。     

Displaced proximal humerus fractures treated with ORIF via the deltoid interfascicular approach vs the deltopectoral approach: A prospective case-control study

Background:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes and complications of displaced proximal humeral fractures treated with proximal humeral internal locking system (PHILOS) plate fixation via a deltoid interfascicular (DI) vs a deltopectoral (DP) approach.Methods:This prospective case-control study was conducted with patients admitted to our hospital from May 2015 to June 2018 who suffered from unilateral displaced proximal humerus fractures. Patients were treated with PHILOS plate fixation via a DI (DI group) or DP approach (DP group). The clinical outcomes and complication data were collected for comparison between the 2 groups. The patients were followed up at 3, 6, and 12 months; and every 6 months thereafter. The patients’ functional recoveries were evaluated according to the normalized Constant-Murley score, range of motion of the shoulder (flexion, abduction, external/internal rotation) and disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand score.Results:A total of 77 patients, followed for an average of 15 ± 2.2months (range, 12–21), were enrolled (36 in DI group and 41 in DP group) for final analysis. No significant differences in age, sex, affected side, fracture type, injury mechanism or time from injury to operation were found between the 2 groups (all P > .05). The incision length, intra-operative blood loss, and duration of operation in the DI group were significantly less than those in the DP group, respectively (all P < .05). The functional outcomes assessed by the normalized Constant-Murley score and range of motion of flexion and internal rotation in the DI group were superior to those in the DP group at 3 and 6months after the operation (P < .05); however, no significant differences were observed at the 12-month and subsequent follow-ups (all P > .05). There was no significant difference in the range of shoulder external rotation and abduction during the postoperative follow-ups (P > .05). At the last follow-up, the mean disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand score was 14.0 (6.6) points in the DI group and 14.4 (6.9) points in the DP group (P = .793). Complications occurred in 1 patient in the DI group and 8 patients in the DP group (P = .049).Conclusion:The current study demonstrates that DI approach is a safe and effective alternative for the treatment displaced proximal humerus fractures. The DI approach rather than DP approach was recommended when lateral and posterior exposure of the proximal humerus is required, especially when fixed with PHILOS plate.     

侵犯眶内鼻窦囊肿的手术治疗

目的探讨改良眉弓径路联合鼻内镜技术在侵犯眶内的哑铃形筛窦囊肿手术中的应用及疗效分析。方法2002年8月N2012年4月我科收治的7例侵犯眼眶的哑铃形巨大筛窦囊肿患者,全麻下采用改良眉弓切口,鼻内镜辅助下沿眶壁分离并切除眶内囊肿,然后采用鼻内镜囊肿造袋术,切除囊肿。结果7例患者术中眶内及鼻窦囊肿均能充分暴露,并在直视下全部去除。术后无脑脊液鼻漏、眶筋膜损伤和眶内、颅内感染等并发症。术后随访6-18个月,均未见复发。结论采用改良眉弓径路联合鼻内镜行侵犯眶内的哑铃形筛窦囊肿手术,增加了手术的精确性和安全性,切口短,瘢痕小,切除彻底,降低复发率,减少对面部美观的影响,是治疗侵犯眶内的巨大哑铃形筛窦囊肿的有效术式之一。     

咽旁间隙神经鞘瘤诊断及手术入路选择

目的探讨咽旁间隙神经鞘瘤的诊断与手术入路方式的选择。方法对咽旁间隙神经鞘瘤患者14例病历资料进行回顾性分析,术前根据CT和MRI判断肿瘤与扁桃体包膜距离关系及肿瘤主体位置考虑手术径路,与扁桃体包膜距离≤1cm、肿瘤主体突入到口内者行经口内径路,与扁桃体包膜距离1cm、瘤体主体突向外侧者经颈外径路,手术径路与肿瘤大小关系不大。经口内径路4例,颈外径路10例。结果所有患者均获得顺利手术,术后随访6个月～6年均未见复发。结论颈部CT、MRI及DSA是诊断及鉴别诊断的良好手段,手术径路取决于肿瘤与扁桃体包膜的距离及肿瘤主体位置,无论采取何种径路,均无严重的并发症。     

经岩乙状窦前入路的相关影像学研究

目的:为该入路提供影像解剖依据,减少术后并发症。方法:对10例成人头颅标本先行高分辨率CT岩骨薄层扫描,后用磨钻对标本轮廓化骨迷路,分别测量与该入路有关的后半规管及乙状窦沟与周围骨质的距离。结果:CT扫描测量乙状窦沟宽是11.44±1.79mm,深是5.27±1.93mm,乙状窦沟底到乳突外表面的距离是10.38±3.90mm,乙状窦沟前壁到外耳道后壁的距离是13.66±2.18mm。后半规管最外侧至乳突外表面的最近距离是13.44±1.86mm,至乙状窦沟前缘的距离是9.65±1.76mm,其最后部至岩骨后壁的距离是2.92±0.98mm。对应的解剖测量结果分别是11.26±1.58mm、5.12±1.88mm、10.26±3.78mm、13.74±1.96mm、13.86±1.98mm、9.82±1.91mm和3.12±1.08mm。CT扫描测量与解剖测量结果统计学上无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论:CT扫描测量结果可代表实际的相关解剖结构的距离,CT岩骨薄层扫描可指导经岩乙状窦前入路中岩骨后外侧壁的安全磨除。     

双入路小切口坏死组织清除术联合持续灌注引流治疗感染性坏死性胰腺炎的临床疗效

目的:探讨双入路小切口坏死组织清除术联合持续灌注引流治疗感染性坏死性胰腺炎（INP）的临床疗效。方法:采用回顾性描述性研究方法。收集2016年4月至2019年7月陆军军医大学大坪医院收治的20例INP病人的临床资料;男11例,女9例;年龄为（42 ±9）岁。20例病人均行双入路小切口坏死组织清除术,联合术后...     

Insights on Skin Quality and Clinical Practice Trends in Asia Pacific and a Practical Guide to Good Skin Quality from the Inside Out

ObjectiveWe sought to examine the current skin quality trends and gaps in clinical practice in the Asia Pacific region and develop a practical guide to improve skin quality.MethodsMedical practitioners from 11 countries in the Asia Pacific region completed an online survey on current trends in skin quality treatment. A panel of 12 leading experts convened for a virtual meeting to develop a practical guide for skin quality improvement.ResultsA total of 153 practitioners completed the survey. The four most common skin quality issues were uneven skin tone, skin surface unevenness, skin laxity, and sebaceous gland hyperactivity and enlarged pores. Most practitioners reported using a combination of treatment modalities for each skin quality issue. It was also observed that each treatment modality could be used to treat several skin quality issues. A multimodal approach targeting different interrelated issues across the tissue planes was recommended for balanced results. The panel developed a practical guide for the appropriate combinations and sequence of treatments, and created treatment protocols for specific skin quality outcome goals. The guide employed an “inside-out” approach, treating the deeper tissue planes prior to the superficial layers to achieve harmonious results.LimitationsFuture studies are needed to support the recommended treatment protocols for skin quality improvement.ConclusionThese findings provide valuable insights on current skin quality trends and gaps in clinical practice. The practical guide provides a framework for practitioners to customize their treatment plan according to each patient’s needs.     

侧方入路在甲状腺肿瘤再次手术中的应用

目的:探讨不同手术入路选择在甲状腺再次手术中的应用.方法:回顾性分析85例甲状腺肿瘤需再次手术病人的临床资料,根据手术入路分为正中入路组(正中组)38例和侧方入路组(侧方组)47例.比较2组病人手术时间、术中出血量和术后并发症发生情况.结果:侧方组手术时间为(1.5±0.5)h,显著短于正中入路组的(2.0±0.5)h(P<0.01);侧方组术中出血量为(35.5±6.5)mL,显著少于正中组的(55.8±8.7)mL(P<0.01).侧方组术后并发症总发生率为17.03％,低于正中组的39.47％(P<0.05).结论:甲状腺肿瘤再次手术中应用侧方入路有助于缩短手术时间,减少术中出血量和手术并发症发生.     

改良翼点入路治疗颅底脑挫伤及血肿78例分析

目的:总结改良翼点入路治疗颅底脑挫伤及血肿的方法及经验。方法:运用改良翼点入路对78例颅脑损伤患者进行手术治疗。结果:本组67例术后存活,病死率14.1%,骨瓣回植率65%。结论:该入路暴露彻底,减压充分,便于手术操作和减轻术后脑肿胀,病死率低。