Diffusion-weighted MRI and PET/CT reproducibility in epithelial ovarian cancers during neoadjuvant chemotherapy

PurposeTo investigate the reproducibility of diffusion-weighted (DW) MRI and ¹⁸F-Fluorodeoxyglucose (¹⁸F-FDG)-Positron emission tomography/CT (PET/CT) in monitoring response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in epithelial ovarian cancer.Materials and methodsTen women (median age, 67 years; range: 41.8–77.3 years) with stage IIIC-IV epithelial ovarian cancers were included in this prospective trial (NCT02792959) between 2014 and 2016. All underwent initial laparoscopic staging, four cycles of carboplatine-paclitaxel-based chemotherapy and interval debulking surgery. PET/CT and DW-MRI were performed at baseline (C0), after one cycle (C1) and before surgery (C4). Two nuclear physicians and two radiologists assessed five anatomic sites for the presence of ≥ 1 lesion. Target lesions in each site were defined and their apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), maximal standardized uptake value (SUV-max), SUV-mean, SUL-peak, metabolic tumor volume (MTV) and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) were monitored (i.e., 10 patients × 5 sites × 3 time-points). Their relative early and late changes were calculated. Intra/inter-observer reproducibilities of qualitative and quantitative analysis were estimated with Kappa and intra-class correlation coefficients (ICCs).ResultsFor both modalities, inter- and intra-observer agreement percentages were excellent for initial staging but declined later for DW-MRI, leading to lower Kappa values for inter- and intra-observer variability (0.949 and 1 at C0, vs. 0.633 and 0.643 at C4, respectively) while Kappa values remained > 0.8 for PET/CT. Inter- and intra-observer ICCs were > 0.75 for SUV-max, SUL-peak, SUV-mean and their change regardless the time-point. ADC showed lower ICCs (range: 0.013–0.811). ANOVA found significant influences of the evaluation time, the measurement used (ADC, SUV-max, SUV-mean, SUV-max, SUL-peak, MTV or TLG) and their interaction on ICC values (P = 0.0023, P< 0.0001 and P =0.0028, respectively).ConclusionWhile both modalities demonstrated high reproducibility at baseline, only SUV-max, SUL-peak, SUV-mean and their changes maintained high reproducibility during chemotherapy.     

Cementless Acetabular Socket Revisions Using Metasul Metal-on-Metal Bearings

Thirty-four hips were treated with cementless acetabular socket revisions using a metal-on-metal bearing. The causes of revision were aseptic loosening in 33 hips and septic loosening in 1 hip. Revisions were performed for acetabular sockets in 28 hips and for acetabular sockets and femoral stems in 6 hips. Mean follow-up duration was 6.2 years (range, 4.0-9.1 years), and mean Harris Hip Scores improved from 56 to 92 points. No hip required further revision for aseptic loosening. Focal femoral osteolysis newly developed in zone I in 1 hip, which was treated by curettage and bone grafting. The authors suggest that second-generation metal-on-metal bearings in cementless acetabular socket revisions can achieve good medium-term clinical and radiographic results.     

Microsurgical free flap in head and neck reconstruction

Microsurgical free flaps are today considered state of the art in head and neck reconstruction after composite tumor resections. Free flaps provide superior functional and aesthetic restoration with less donor‐site morbidity. This article details our approach to this challenging and complex procedure. Free tissue transfer can be viewed as consisting of 4 essential stages: (1) defect assessment, (2) preparation of recipient vessels, (3) flap selection and harvest, and (4) flap inset and microsurgical anastomoses. The essential details of each step are highlighted. Meticulous attention to each step is important because each plays a crucial role in the overall success of the procedure. Workhorse flaps in our practice are the anterolateral thigh, radial forearm, fibula, and jejunum flaps. Unique issues related to postoperative care and monitoring of head and neck free flaps are discussed. The management of complications, in particular those threatening flap survival, are reviewed in detail. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2010     

La mesure de la température corporelle par thermomètre tympanique infrarouge est-elle reproductible ?Is body temperature estimated by infrared tympanic thermometry reproductible?

OBJECTIVE: To assess the reliability of body temperature estimated by infrared tympanic thermometry. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective study. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 71 patients in a neurosurgical intensive care unit. 393 triplets of measurements were performed: right ear, left ear and right ear again. RESULTS: Limits of agreements are [-1, +1 degree C] between both ears, and [-0.6, +0.7 degree C] for two consecutive measurements in the right ear. The Bland and Altman diagram show that most of the points responsible for the lack of accuracy are between 36 and 37 degrees C. CONCLUSION: These values give an estimation of the technique's accuracy. In our point of view, such a reproducibility is adequate for daily clinical practice. The accuracy of infrared tympanic thermometry with the First Temp Genius seems reasonable for the clinical practice when the temperature is over 37 degrees C.     

Late-Onset Radial Nerve Palsy Associated with Conservatively Managed Humeral Fracture. A Case Report and Suggested Classification System

Radial nerve palsy can occur with humerus fracture, either at the time of injury (primary) or during reduction (secondary). Late-onset radial nerve palsy (not immediately related to injury or reduction) has been very seldom reported in the English literature. We describe a case of late-onset radial nerve palsy, which developed 9 weeks after an attempted closed management of a midshaft humerus fracture. Exploration of the nerve was performed. The radial nerve was found to be stretched over the ends of the fracture. Open reduction and external fixation of the fracture with mobilization of the nerve from the fracture site lead to complete return of radial nerve function occurring by 3 months. We recommend exploration of cases of late-onset radial nerve palsy in contrast to primary or secondary radial nerve palsy, which can be treated conservatively. Our experience suggests that the cause of the palsy is a continuous ongoing pathology and not a single time event as in primary or secondary cases. Radial nerve palsies associated with humeral fracture should be classified as either primary (at the time of injury), secondary (at the time of reduction), or late onset (not related to either injury or reduction).     

游离尺动脉腕上皮支皮瓣修复手指创面

目的探讨尺动脉腕上皮支皮瓣修复手指创面的手术方法及效果。方法对11例手指皮肤软组织缺损合并肌腱或骨外露者,采用游离尺动脉腕上皮支皮瓣进行修复。其中8例面积为2．5cm×1．0cm-5．2cm×2．2cm的皮瓣．在腕上皮支下行支轴线上切取：3例面积为5．5cm×3．0cm×6．2cm×3．8cm的皮瓣,在腕上皮支下行支及上行支轴线上切取。皮瓣切取后,8例下行支皮瓣内腕上皮支主干均直接与受区指动脉吻合,3例合并有上行支的皮瓣均移植了前臂静脉与受区的指动脉吻合,皮瓣内的皮下静脉或伴行静脉分别与近端指掌侧或指背侧2-3根静脉吻合,将皮瓣内携带的1条尺神经手背支与指固有神经接合。结果术后11例皮瓣全部成活．并获得4～17个月随访。皮肤弹性、色泽、质地良好,外形满意。两点辨别觉9-12mm。结论游离尺动脉腕上皮支皮瓣供区隐蔽,血管穿支位置恒定,不损伤主干血管,供区损伤小,切取简单。修复手指缺损外观满意,可携带神经恢复皮瓣感觉,是修复手指创面的一种理想选择。     

Survival Analysis and Clinicopathological Factors Associated With False-Negative Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy Findings in Patients with Cutaneous Melanoma

Background We analyzed the outcomes and factors associated with false-negative (FN) results of sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy findings in patients with cutaneous melanoma. SLN biopsy failure rate was defined as nodal recurrence in the biopsied regional basin without previous local or in-transit recurrence.Methods Between April 1997 and December 2004, a total of 1207 patients with cutaneous melanoma with a median Breslow thickness of 2.4 mm underwent SLN biopsy by preoperative and intraoperative lymphoscintigraphy combined with dye injection. In 228 cases, we found positive SLNs; of these, 220 underwent completion lymph node dissection (CLND). Median follow-up was 3 years.Results The SLN biopsy failure rate was 5.8% (57 of 979 SLN negative). Median time to occurrence of FN relapse after SLN biopsy was 16 months (range, 3–74 months). The FN SLN biopsy results correlated with primary tumor thickness >4 mm (P = .0012), primary tumor ulceration (P = .0002), primary tumor level of invasion Clark stage IV/V (P = .0005), and nodular melanoma histological type (P = .0375). Five-year overall survival, calculated from the date of primary tumor excision, in the FN group was 53.7%, which was not statistically significantly worse than the CLND group (56.8%; P = .9). The FN group was characterized by a higher ratio of two or more metastatic nodes and extracapsular involvement of lymph nodes after LND compared with the CLND group (P < .0001 and P < .0001, respectively). Additional detailed pathological review of FN SLN revealed metastatic disease in 14 patients, which decreased the SLN biopsy failure rate to 4.4% (43 of 979).Conclusions Survival of patients with FN results of SLN biopsy does not differ statistically significantly from that of patients undergoing CLND, although it is slightly lower. The SLN biopsy failure rate is approximately 5.0% in long-term follow-up and is associated mainly with the same factors that indicate a poor prognosis in primary melanoma.Preliminary results of this study were presented as an oral presentation during the Melanoma Session on the 59th Annual Cancer Symposium of the Society of Surgical Oncology, San Diego, CA, March 23–25, 2006.     

胎儿畸形诊断中产前系统超声检查的应用研究

目的：研究分析胎儿畸形诊断中产前系统超声检查的应用。方法整群选取该院2012年11月—2015年11月期间进行检查4619例孕妇中出现异常的102例作为研究对象。随机均分两组,各51例,参照组给予常规产科检查,研究组采用产前胎儿系统超声检查,观察对比相关指标检查情况。结果120例孕妇胎儿超声检查结果中,神经系统畸形、心血管系统畸形、骨骼系统畸形与腹裂畸形的胎儿分别占据17.65%、20.59%、6.86%与2.94%;观察组对应的漏检率分别为：0%、1.96%、1.96%与1.96%;对照组对应的漏检率分别为11.76%、13.73%、15.69%和17.65%。两组比较,观察组更优,差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论将产前系统超声检查方法应用于胎儿畸形诊断中,能够降低超声检查漏诊率,有效检查出胎儿畸形情况,有利于孕妇及医护人员及时采取应对措施。     

生长抑素联合奥美拉唑治疗上消化道出血的临床分析

目的：探讨生长抑素联合奥美拉唑治疗上消化道出血的临床效果。方法整群选取该院2013年1月＿2016年5月期间收治的79例上消化道出血患者,将其随机分为研究组(40例﹚和对照组(39例﹚,研究组采取生长抑素联合奥美拉唑治疗,对照组单纯采取奥美拉唑治疗,比较两组止血时间、住院时间等。结果研究组平均止血时间(12.9±5.3﹚h、住院时间(10.4±2.2﹚d与对照组比较差异有统计学意义,P﹤0.05;研究组总有效率90.0%、再出血率12.5%与对照组比较差异有统计学意义,P﹤0.05。结论生长抑素联合奥美拉唑治疗上消化道出血效果确切,优于单纯使用奥美拉唑效果,值得临床推广。     

肾虚肝郁证迟发性性腺功能减退症大鼠模型的建立与评价

目的 建立“肾虚肝郁证”迟发性性腺功能减退症(Late onset hypogonadism,LOH)动物模型,并对其进行评价.方法 以中医理论“房劳过度伤肾”、“郁久伤肝”为指导,采用“退役种鼠(40周龄)+复合情志刺激+孤养”方法,建立“肾虚肝郁证”LOH动物模型,与正常组(8周龄)比较,以血清总睾酮、悬尾实验、睾丸间质细胞超微结构、睾酮合成相关酶以及Caspase-3 mRNA和蛋白表达为指标.结果 模型组大鼠出现一系列典型的LOH精神、心理、体能改变,与正常组比较,模型组大鼠血清总睾酮水平明显降低,悬尾不动时间显著延长,睾丸组织Caspase-3 mRNA和蛋白表达增强,睾酮合成相关酶类固醇激素合成急性调节蛋白(Steroidogenic Acute Regulatory Protein,StAR)[13]、细胞色素胆固醇侧链裂解酶(Cytochrome P450side-chain cleavage,P450scc)[14]、3β-羟甾脱氢酶(3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase,3β-HSD) mRNA和蛋白表达下降,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.01);模型组睾丸间质变少,睾丸间质细胞线粒体数量减少,出现水肿,线粒体嵴消失.结论 “退役种鼠+复合情志刺激+孤养”方法复制“肾虚肝郁证”LOH模型切实可行,有较高的实用价值.