Body sculpture: The words become reality

The last decade has been marked by the development of liposuction. A better knowledge of the anatomy of fat tissue, together with an improvement in different devices, has made our results more predictable. However, such areas as the chin, anterior and inner thigh, and knee have remained difficult. This is especially true when large volumes of fat need to be removed. Blood loss has remained a problem as well. The development of ultrasound (U.S.) liposuction is a big step toward even more predictable results and to where blood loss can be negligible.Lipectron B.U.S. Endotron is a device manufactured by and available from MEDICA MAT s.a., Avenue Augustin Dumont 59, F-92240 MALAKOFF.     

Long-term results in the surgical treatment of lymphedema

Summary In the irreversible stage of lymphedema corrective surgery is often mandatory. A choice has to be made between two different basic selective procedures. As no totally satisfactory surgical method has as yet been established surgical management is difficult and implies considerable personal responsibility. This is a report on the long-term results of operations carried out on 16 patients between 1958 and 1979 using the so called Charles procedure. It concludes that this radical operation gives an acceptable long-term result in long-standing, elephantiastic primary lymphedema of the lower extremity.     

Flexure dose: the low-dose limit of effective fractionation

Total radiation dose often can be increased without subsequent increases in the severity of tissue injury by using reduced doses per fraction. The flexure dose, df, is defined as the largest fractional dose for which further fractionation produces no significant change in the total dose required to reach a specified effect level. Thus, df is clinically relevant in that it represents the limit of effective dose fractionation. For those tissues in which injury reflects depletion of a critical proportion of target cells, the flexure dose is a measure of the extent of the initial, nearly linear portion of the dose-survival curve. More generally, the flexure dose is a measure of the extent of the initial, nearly linear portion of a dose-response curve in organized tissue, whatever its relationship to clonogenic target cells might be. Several quantitative expressions for df are derived. The characteristic common to these is that each defines the flexure dose as a multiple of the ratio alpha/beta of the parameters of the linear-quadratic model of cell survival or dose response, where the multiple is a measure of experimental or statistical resolution. These multiples tend to fall within a limited range, thereby defining the "region of flexure" via the inequality 0.05 (alpha/beta) less than or equal to df less than or equal to 0.15 (alpha/beta). Estimates of the region of flexure are presented for a variety of normal and neoplastic tissues.     

Observations on Nine Personal Cases Where Esophagitis Has Appeared as a Complication of a Functioning Vertical Gastroplasty

This paper is based on observations on a personal series of patients who presented with severe ulcerating esophagitis, unresponsive to medical treatment following a vertical stapled gastroplasty. With one exception this was a late complication in an effective weight loss procedure. The therapeutic modalities chosen to treat this problem depended on patient choice, as well as personal experience with treating earlier cases. Unfortunately, I could find little guidance in the literature or from my colleagues on how to treat this problem. Conversion to a Roux-Y gastric bypass seemed the most satisfactory solution to the problem, relieving the symptoms and maintaining the weight loss.     

Ergebnisse der selektiv proximalen vagotomie nach 13 Jahren

Zusammenfassung Es wird über die Langzeitergebnisse von 216 Patienten berichtet, bei denen zwischen 1970 und 1978 wegen eines Ulcus duodeni eine selektiv proximale Vagotomie (SPV) vorgenommen wurde. Die mittlere Nachbeobachtungszeit beträgt 12,8 Jahre (8,3–15). 26 Patienten erlitten ein symptomatisches Ulkusrezidiv (12%)4–135 Monate postoperativ, die kumulative Rezidivrate beträgt 20,3 % nach 13 Jahren (Kaplan-Meier). Säuresekretionsmessungen ergaben eine mittlere Reduktion der basalen (BAO) und mittleren stimulierten Sekretionswerte (MAO) von 80,7 bzw. 74,8 % ohne Unterschiede zwischen Patienten mit und ohne Rezidiv. Das Rezidivrisiko war für Ulcus duodeni (22 von 194) und pylorische Geschwüre (4 von 22) vergleichbar, ebenso fanden sich keine Unterschiede bezüglich dem Geschlecht, einer zusätzlichen Drainage-Operation, dem Rauchverhalten, akuter oder elektiver Operation und erstem oder Rezidivgeschwür. Nach der Operation komplizierter Ulzera war das Rezidivrisiko tendentiell höher (p 0,07). 78,5% der Patienten erreichten ein (sehr) gutes funktionelles Langzeitergebnis (Visick I oder II), nur 6% mußten als Visick III eingestuft werden. Die SPV kann daher als ein ungeachtet der Patienten-Compliance wirksames und wertvolles Therapieverfahren zur Behandlung des Ulcus duodeni erachtet werden.

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Results of highly selective vagotomy after 13 years

Summary This study reports the long-term results of 216 patients after highly selective vagotomy (HSV) for duodenal ulcers operated from 1970 through 1978 with a mean follow-up of 12.8 years (8.3–15). 26 patients developed symptomatic ulcer recurrences (12%) within 4 to 135 months following surgery, the cumulative recurrence rate (Kaplan-Meier) at 13 years was 20.3%. Acidity analyses showed a postoperative mean reduction of basal acid output (BAO) and maximal acid output (MAO) values of 80.7 % and 74.8 % respectively with no differences according to recurrences. The risk of recurrence was similar for duodenal (22/194) and pyloric ulcers (4/22) and no differences were found with respect to sex, additional drainage procedure, smoking habits, acute or elective operation and first or recurrent ulcers. Risk was slightly higher for complicated ulcers (p 0.07), but without reaching statistical significance. 78.5% of patients showed (very) good results (Visick I or II), only 6% were Visick III. HSV is therefore regarded as a valuable therapeutic measure for the treatment of duodenal ulcer independent of patient compliance.

     

38例晚期产后出血的临床分析

目的:探讨引起晚期产后出血的临床原因。方法:对1998年-2002年间收治产后出血发生晚期出血的38例资料进行回顾性分析。结果:38例中在基层乡镇医院分娩者占68.4％,在市级医院分娩者占31.6％。结论:晚期产后出血的主要原因是胎盘胎膜残留和子宫切口愈合不良。     

Clinical experience with vestibular schwannomas: epidemiology, symptomatology, diagnosis, and surgical results

The Danish model for vestibular schwannoma (VS) surgery has been influenced by some historical otological events, taking its origin in the fact that the first attempt to remove CPA tumors was performed by an otologist in 1916. In approximately 50 years VS surgery was performed by neurosurgeons in a decentralized model. Highly specialized neuro- and otosurgeons have been included in our team since the early beginning of the centralized Danish model of VS surgery in 1976. Our surgical practice has always been performed on the basis of known and proven knowledge, but we spared no effort to search for innovative procedures. The present paper reflects the experience we have gained in two decades of VS surgery. Our studies on the incidence, symptomatology, diagnosis, expectancy and surgical results are presented. Received: 26 February 1997 / Accepted: 7 July 1997     

Practitioner Review: Long-term Consequences of Childhood Cancer

Survival rates in childhood cancer now approach approximately 65%, depending on the specific cancer. Success has been achieved through the use of increasingly aggressive treatments (chemotherapy, radiotherapy, bone-marrow transplantation). These are now recognised to be associated with a range of physical late effects, including problems associated with growth and endocrine function, sensory function, fertility, liver, cardiac, and kidney damage. Recognition of these physical late effects raises the issue of related problems in psychological, educational, and behavioural functioning. There is considerable evidence to suggest that children who are younger on diagnosis are more at risk in terms of cognitive and behavioural late effects compared with those who are diagnosed later. Cancer remains a rare disease in children and consequently only those professionals attached to centres specialising in the care of children with cancer are likely to receive a significant number of referrals. It is important to establish a psychological support service as an integral part of long-term care in order to (a) establish more accurately the incidence of social and psychological late effects and (b) offer advice to the individual about the possible long-term effects of cancer treatment on future health, social, and employment prospects.     

小剂量受照人员远期外周血淋巴细胞染色体畸变分析

本文对２６例小剂量（０．１０－０．３３Ｇｙ）受照人员受照２６－３１年后外周血淋巴细胞染色畸变和微核进行了分析。结果表明，受照组染色体畸变率和微核率都明显高于对照组，但染色体畸变率和微核率与受照剂量的相关关系已不存在；外照组染色体畸变率高略高于内照组，但在内照组中检出双着丝粒体和稳定性畸变，外照组中未检出。提示；不能排除在内照组人员体内仍有裂变产物内污染的存在。