Effect of capsule placement with transnasal endoscopy

Aim: One of the prohibiting factors in achieving complete small bowel capsule endoscopy is slow gastric transit of the capsule. The present study retrospectively investigated the success rate of, and the time required for, transnasal endoscope‐assisted capsule placement to assess its clinical utility. Methods: In 24 of 27 patients who underwent capsule placement assisted by a transnasal endoscope, the capsule was successfully transported to and released in the duodenum (capsule placement group). For each patient in the capsule placement group, three age‐ and sex‐matched patients who underwent conventional capsule endoscopy were assigned as controls (n = 72). Gastric transit time, small bowel transit time, and rate of capsule arrival at the cecum within 8 h were compared between the two patient groups. Results: Among the 27 patients in whom capsule placement was carried out, the capsule was successfully placed in the duodenum in 24 patients (88.9% success rate). In the capsule placement group, gastric transit time was significantly shorter (10.5 vs 46.2 min, P = 0.0021), small bowel transit time was significantly longer (354.7 vs 301.3 min, P = 0.0134), and completion rate (capsule arrival at the cecum within 8 h) was significantly higher (83.3 vs 61.1%, P = 0.0455) than in the control group. There were no procedural accidents associated with capsule placement. Conclusion: Transnasal endoscope‐assisted capsule placement appears to be a safe and reliable procedure, achieving complete small bowel capsule endoscopy, and is considered clinically useful.     

青年尸眼前囊膜弹性的研究

目的 研究青年人晶状体前囊膜弹性，以例提高白内障摘出和人工晶状体植入术的成功率。方法 测量53人共90只尸眼（平均年龄26.8a)晶状体前囊膜连续环形撕开口的弹性。结果 前囊膜撕开口弹性为1.38-2.74，前囊膜撕开口直径越大，弹性越大；前嗝 膜弹性与年龄无关。结论 本年龄段内（19-40a)前囊膜弹性与撕开口直径呈直线正相关，青壮年期白内障术中前囊膜撕开口直径5.0-5.5mm为宜。     

消疕汤对大鼠银屑病样皮损处病理改变的影响

目的:将大鼠诱导成银屑病样皮损模型,并对其进行治疗,证实消疕汤对大鼠银屑病样皮损处病理改变有影响,为消疕汤的临床应用提供实验室依据。方法:(1)将50只SD大鼠(雌雄各半)随机分成五组,即空白组、造模组、造模后对照组、消疕汤组、阿维A胶囊组,除空白组正常饲养外,余四组用心得安乳液涂抹大鼠双侧耳廓皮肤,两周后取下造模组大鼠双侧耳廓皮肤,显微镜下观察病理改变见明显银屑病样皮损改变后提示造模成功;(2)造模成功后消疕汤组和阿维A胶囊组分别予相应药物灌胃治疗,两周后取下各组大鼠双耳组织,切片、HE染色观察各组病理差异;(3)用Baker评分法对各组切片进行评分并进行统计学处理。结果:(1)除空白组以外,余四组在涂抹心得安乳剂2周后耳廓组织相继出现局部红肿、鳞屑增多、刮之易落、皮肤萎缩等症状,造模组送检表现出角化过度、角化不全等典型银屑病样病理改变,Baker评分统计学处理结果示造模组与空白组相比较(P0.05)组间有统计学差异,提示造模成功;(2)经消疕汤和阿维A胶囊治疗后,其耳部组织的角化过度、角化不全等病理情况得到明显改善,统计学处理结果示消疕汤组和阿维A胶囊组Baker评分与造模组相比较P0.05,差异有统计学意义,提示治疗有效;(3)消疕汤组与阿维A胶囊组评分相比P=0.1160.05,差异无统计学意义,提示消疕汤和阿维A胶囊均有抑制角化过度、角化不全的作用,且疗效无明显差异。结论:(1)用心得安乳液涂抹制造银屑病样皮损的造模方法可行;(2)消疕汤和阿维A胶囊对银屑病样皮损处病理改变治疗均有效。     

禾邦鼻炎胶囊治疗各类鼻炎135例

采用禾邦鼻炎胶囊治疗变应性鼻炎６５例，总有效率９２％。结论：禾邦鼻炎胶囊适用于各类鼻炎，具有疗效确切、副作用低的特点。     

Subrenal capsule assay applied to examine the sensitivity of allogenic mouse fibrosarcoma to hyperthermia,chemotherapeutic drugs or combined treatment

The thermosensitivity and chemosensitivity of fibrosarcomas of C3H/He mouse were investigated using the subrenal capsule assay with female ICR mice as host. Five typical chemotherapeutic drugs (mitomycin C, adriamycin, 5-fluorouracil, cis-DDplatinum and cyclophosphamide) tested were effective in suppressing tumour growth. Total-body hyperthermia given at 41.5°C for 30 min twice during the 6-day period exerted little effect. However, an interactive effect was found with the combination of hyperthermia and mitomycin C. The combination of hyperthermia with other drugs failed to exhibit an interactive effect, since the effects of the drugs alone were considerable. The potential clinical applicability of this test is discussed.     

眩晕宁和氟桂利嗪及尼莫地平联合复方丹参片治疗椎-基底动脉供血不足性眩晕的疗效观察

目的探讨不同用药方案治疗椎-基底动脉供血不足性眩晕的疗效及成本效果。方法将120例椎-基底动脉供血不足性眩晕患者随机分为眩晕宁组(A组:治疗组40例)、氟桂利嗪组(B组:观察组39例)及尼莫地平合用复方丹参片组(C组:对照组41例),60d后观察3组患者临床疗疗效。结果 A组总有效率为95.0%。B总有效率为84.6%,C总有效率为总有效率为73.2%。3组相比,具有显著性差异。结论眩晕宁(A组)是治疗椎-基底动脉供血不足性眩晕的最佳方案。     

白内障囊外摘除人工晶体植入术后囊破裂和玻璃体脱出的临床分析

目的：分析现代白内障囊外摘出人工晶体植入术中后囊破裂和玻璃体脱出的原因。方法：对230例白内障实放白内障囊外摘除人工晶体植入术，总结其中后囊破裂及玻璃体脱出的原因。结果：术中后囊破裂19眼（8.2%)，均合并玻璃体脱出。10眼直接植入后房型人工晶体。9眼行后房型人工晶体缝线固定。结论：只要掌握其易发因素。提高手术技巧。后囊破裂及玻璃体脱出绝大多数可以避免。     

安络化纤丸对免疫功能的影响

目的观察安络化纤丸对实验动物免疫功能的影响。方法测定安络化纤丸对正常和免疫功能低下小鼠单核巨噬细胞吞噬功能、血清溶血素生成以及脾脏T淋巴细胞增殖的影响。结果安络化纤丸可增强正常小鼠和地塞米松所致免疫功能低下小鼠巨噬细胞的吞噬功能 ,促进血清溶血素的生成 ;显著提高刀豆球蛋白A(ConA)诱导的小鼠脾脏T淋巴细胞增殖功能。结论提示安络化纤丸可显著提高小鼠的免疫功能 ,增强机体抵抗力。     

Anterior capsule contraction and intraocular lens dislocation in eyes with pseudoexfoliation syndrome

AIMS—To examine the extent of anterior capsule contraction as well as intraocular lens (IOL) decentration and tilt following implant surgery in eyes with pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PE).
METHODS—53 eyes from 53 patients with PE and 53 control eyes from 53 age matched patients, undergoing phacoemulsification and implant surgery, were recruited. The anterior capsule opening area and the amounts of IOL decentration and tilt after undergoing continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis were measured using the Scheimpflug videophotography system at 1 week and 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months postoperatively.
RESULTS—The mean area of the anterior capsule opening in the PE group was significantly smaller than that in the control group at 1 month postoperatively and later. The percentage reductions in the PE group were approximately 25%, while they were less than 10% in the control group. The degree of IOL tilt was also larger in the PE group than in the control group. Five eyes (9.4%) in the PE group underwent a neodymium:YAG laser anterior capsulotomy, but none in the control group underwent a capsulotomy.
CONCLUSIONS—The contraction of the anterior capsule opening was more extensive in the PE eyes than in the control eyes, thus resulting in a high Nd:YAG laser anterior capsulotomy rate. The IOL tilt was also greater in the PE eyes than in the control eyes.

Keywords: anterior capsule contraction; intraocular lens dislocation; pseudoexfoliation syndrome; continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis