恢复儿科本科招生缓解儿科医生短缺现状

  目的  分析中国儿科医生工作满意度现状及影响因素,探讨儿科医生短缺原因并提出对策。  方法  2018年8 — 12月,在全国范围内进行多阶段分层随机抽样,共抽取4 906名儿科医生进行工作满意度调查,并运用单因素方差分析与多因素logistic回归分析进行统计分析。  结果  有效调查4 198人,儿科医生总体工作满意度平均得分为（3.06 ± 0.613）分,工作本身与社会支持平均得分为（3.37 ± 0.650）分,工作内容与回报平均得分为（2.32 ± 0.733）分,领导与人际关系平均得分为（3.06 ± 0.771）分。单因素分析结果显示,年龄、性别、地区、医疗机构等级、专业职称等级、任职年限、管床数（工作量）、周休息天数、月收入分组工作满意度得分差异均有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。多因素logistic回归分析显示,任职年限 ≥ 1年是儿科医生工作满意度的危险因素,女性、周休息天数1～2 d、月收入 ≥ 10 000元是儿科医生工作满意度的保护因素。  结论  中国儿科医生的工作满意度较低,月收入、周休息天数、性别、工作年限等是影响其工作满意度的主要因素。     

Religious Faith and Transformational Processes in Marriage

Leading scholars of marital processes strongly recommend supplementing the current focus on marital conflict to include research on transformative processes. This qualitative study examines the connection between religion and the transformative processes of commitment and coping in marriage. The sample for this study includes 184 married couples (N = 368 individuals), making it far larger than most in‐depth, qualitative interview‐based studies. Participants included Christians, Jews, and Muslims with an over sampling of minorities and immigrant families living in all eight regions of the United States. For several decades studies have shown a largely positive correlation between (a) religiosity and marital commitment and (b) religiosity and (generally) positive coping, but with little explanation regarding how and why. Findings of this study indicate that there are specific religious beliefs and practices related to how these couples approach their marriages—including several that relate to the two transformative processes of commitment and coping.     

军队医院护理人员工作投入影响因素分析

目的调查军队医院护理人员工作投入状况,探讨影响护士工作投入的相关因素及管理对策。方法采用随机抽样的方法,使用一般资料问卷、工作投入量表和组织认同心理问卷调查536名护士;应用多元回归分析等方法探讨组织认同对护士工作投入的影响。结果不同人事关系、不同职务、不同学历的护士,工作投入状况不同,在利益性认同感、归属性认同感和成功性归属感方面均有统计学意义。结论护士的工作投入状况、个体身心健康无疑影响护理服务的质量,影响患者的健康结局和安全。因此,对军队医院护士工作投入的研究有重要意义。     

Occupational role performance in persons with back pain

Purpose: Back pain is a major cause of work disability but there is little data on the impact of back pain among persons who are working. The purpose of this study was to develop a measure of occupational role performance for individuals with back pain and to examine its relationship with sociodemo-graphic and work-related factors.

Method: Item analysis and reduction resulted in a short, eight-item Occupational Role Questionnaire (ORQ) consisting of two scales, a productivity scale and a satisfaction with work scale. The scales had good internal consistency and correlated as expected with the Roland and Morris Disability Scale.

Results: In a multivariate logistic model, significant negative effects on work satisfaction were observed for age 30–39 years relative to age 50 +, having a job that required lifting, and the level of disability.

Conclusion: The ORQ may have applications in studying the consequences of back pain and other chronic conditions in the workplace.     

Work satisfaction and career aspirations of internists working in teaching hospital group practices

This paper presents data on the characteristics, work activities, job-related stress, work satisfaction, and career aspirations of 150 faculty and 595 housestaff physicians who regularly provide continuous primary care in 15 teaching hospital-based group practices. The faculty were young, board-certified generalists; they had been recruited from local training programs and spent the majority of their time seeing patients and supervising housestaff. Job satisfaction among faculty and housestaff was generally high. Dissatisfaction occurred most often with aspects of work over which physicians had little control. Although work-related stress was common, it was not related to job satisfaction. Compared with housestaff in traditional residency programs, housestaff enrolled in special Primary Care Training Programs reported significantly greater job satisfaction. For all housestaff, satisfaction with work in the group practice was consistently associated with decreased interest in subspecialty training. assisted in preparing this report. Received from the Department of Medicine and the School of Public Health, UCLA Center for the Health Sciences. Los Angeles. California. Supported by Grant #59082 from the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation.