Identification of two novel type 1 peroxisomal targeting signals in Arabidopsis thaliana

Peroxisomes lack their own genetic material and must therefore import proteins encoded by genes in the nucleus. Amino acids within these proteins serve as targeting signals: they direct the delivery of the proteins to the organelle. The majority of soluble proteins destined for the peroxisomal matrix utilize a type 1 peroxisomal targeting signal (PTS1): a C-terminal tripeptide that follows the pattern small/basic/hydrophobic. We have discovered two new C-terminal tripeptides that target proteins to peroxisomes in Arabidopsis thaliana. The tripeptides PSL and KRR do not fit the major PTS1 consensus but cause green fluorescent protein to accumulate in peroxisomes of stably transformed Arabidopsis. We have identified forty-one proteins in the Arabidopsis genome that also bear these tripeptides at their C-termini and may therefore be peroxisomal.     

Photochemically Mediated Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization Using Polymeric Semiconductor Mesoporous Graphitic Carbon Nitride

Photochemically mediated atom transfer radical polymerization of vinyl monomers is successfully activated by ecofriendly heterogeneous mesoporous graphitic carbon nitride (mpg‐C₃N₄). This method pertains to the use of mpg‐C₃N₄ as photoactivator for reduction of initially loaded copper(II) species, thus promoting the in situ formation of the copper(I) species. The controlled nature of the polymerizations in both natural sunlight and UV‐light irradiation at ambient temperature is confirmed by the good agreement of the kinetics of the ­polymerization with theoretical values. The light on–off experiments ­demonstrate that polymerizations are clearly initiated and moderated by either UV light or sunlight.

     

白色假丝酵母菌pACT1-GFP质粒的构建及表达

目的构建能够稳定表达绿色荧光蛋白（GFP）的白色假丝酵母菌菌株,以便对目的基因进行示踪。方法构建pACT1-GFP质粒,以白色假丝酵母菌CAI4菌株作为感受态进行转化培养后,分别观察绿色荧光蛋白在两相型下的表达情况。结果含有pACT1-GFP的白色假丝酵母菌菌株,99%在两相型下均有较高水平的荧光蛋白表达,且荧光强度没有明显差别。结论pACT1-GFP能够在白色假丝酵母菌体内稳定表达。     

吲哚菁绿在机器人小肝癌靶域切除中的应用

目的总结吲哚菁绿在机器人小肝癌(≤5 cm)靶域切除术中实时定位肿瘤和判断残余肝脏功能的方法。 方法回顾性分析2021年5月至2022年3月期间,行机器人小肝癌(≤5 cm)靶域切除患者的围手术期资料。术前48 h,经患者肘正中静脉注射吲哚菁绿,剂量0.25 mg/kg。机器人荧光模式下经吲哚菁绿荧光显影实时定位肿瘤边界,肿瘤切除完毕后,经外周静脉再次注射吲哚菁绿判断残余肝脏血供。 结果12例患者中,男10例、女2例,平均年龄56.3岁。肿瘤直径(3.3±1.09) cm,中位手术时间75 min,中位出血量50 ml,术后平均住院时间4.9 d。术中肿瘤全部呈绿色显影,荧光显影与肿瘤分化程度无关,肿瘤内部出血和坏死部分不显影。手术切缘缺血部分肝脏组织于解除肝门阻断后5 min开始出现吲哚菁绿荧光显影,所有患者术后未发生残余肝脏的缺血和坏死。 结论吲哚菁绿荧光显影可实时引导机器人小肝癌靶域切除并能实时判断残余肝脏血供。     

The Influence of In Vivo Metabolic Modifications on ADMET Properties of Green Tea Catechins–In Silico Analysis

The health effects of green tea are associated with catechins: (?)-epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate (EGCG), (?)-epigallocatechin, (?)-epicatechin-3-O-gallate, and (?)-epicatechin. An understanding of compound absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity characteristics is essential for explaining its biological activities. Herein, absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity properties of in vivo detected metabolites of green tea catechins (GTCs) have been analyzed in silico. The influence of metabolic transformations on absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion profiles of GTCs corresponds to the effects of size, charge, and lipophilicity, as already observed for other small molecules. Mutagenic, carcinogenic, or liver toxic effects were predicted only for a few metabolites. Similar to galloylated GTCs EGCG and (--)-epicatechin-3-O-gallate, the sulfo-conjugates were predicted to bind at the warfarin binding site. The low free plasma concentration of these derivatives may be consequential to their serum albumin binding. The activity cliff detected for methylated conjugates of EGCG indicates that GTCs' pro-oxidative activity in bound state comes primarily from free hydroxyl groups of the pyrogallol ring B.     

脉络膜骨瘤的多模式影像分析

目的：探讨脉络膜骨瘤患眼的眼底多模式影像特征。

方法：回顾性病例观察研究。选取2015-10/2019-08在西安市第三医院眼科检查确诊且资料完整的脉络膜骨瘤患者9例15眼纳入研究。所有患者均接受眼底彩色照相、短波长眼底自发荧光(SW-AF)、红外眼底自发荧光(IR-AF)、眼底荧光素血管造影(FFA)、吲哚菁绿血管造影(ICGA)、光学相干断层扫描成像(OCT)以及眼眶X线电子计算机断层扫描(CT)检查。

结果：眼底彩色像显示15眼中,病变累及黄斑及视盘5眼(33%),仅累及黄斑8眼(53%),位于视盘旁2眼(13%); 所有患眼的脉络膜骨瘤均呈橙红色或黄白色,表面有色素沉着。SW-AF检查显示15眼(100%)的脉络膜骨瘤及其周围均有斑驳状低荧光及高荧光,而IR-AF检查则显示所有脉络膜骨瘤所在部位有点、片状高荧光及低荧光。FFA显示15眼(100%)的脉络膜骨瘤在造影过程中亮度逐渐增强,其中6眼(40%)有剧烈渗漏荧光的视网膜下新生血管(SRNV)呈现。ICGA显示9眼(60%)存在SRNV,造影早期所有脉络膜骨瘤对应部位呈低荧光,造影过程中瘤体亮度逐渐增强。OCT显示10眼(67%)的脉络膜骨瘤呈强、弱不均匀反射,5眼(33%)的脉络膜骨瘤呈弱反射,所有患眼均有视网膜神经上皮下暗反射腔。15眼(100%)的脉络膜骨瘤在CT图像上均呈高密度骨性肿块。

结论：脉络膜骨瘤呈橙红色或黄白色,其在CT图像上为骨性表现,这是诊断脉络膜骨瘤的重要依据。脉络膜骨瘤所在区域有视网膜色素上皮受损所致斑驳状强、弱不均的SW-AF及IR-AF。FFA及ICGA可明确病变区域异常循环状况。OCT可显示瘤体切面反射强弱不一,并有助于观察视网膜下积液及新生血管状况。     

The Application of Indocyanine Green to Evaluate Duodenal Perfusion in Pancreas Transplantation

In cases of suspected duodenal ischemia during pancreas transplantation, surgical decisions severely affect the outcome of the patient and the graft. The use of a nontoxic intravenous tracer, indocyanine green, allows the surgeon to evaluate the perfusion of tissues within seconds of injection. Its application to pancreas transplantation has not been reported previously.