Asymptomatic isolated partial hiatal herniation of the pancreas: MDCT evaluation and anatomical explanation: Case report and review of literature

Isolated herniation of the pancreas through a gastroesophageal hiatus is an extremely rare condition, and only one case has been reported in the world literature. We describe a MDCT diagnosis of isolated partial hiatal hernia containing the body of a normal pancreas in an asymptomatic patient, give an anatomical explanation and review the corresponding literature. Clin. Anat. 26:1008–1013, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Use of Health-Related Quality-of-Life Measurements to Estimate Individuals’ Health on Screening

Objectives : to investigate the utility of assessing Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) in a large group of subjects participating in a screening program for aneurysm and the relationship between HRQoL, diagnosis of aneurysm and related risk factors.

Methods : subjects involved in this screening program were submitted the EQ-5D questionnaire to report their own HRQoL. HRQoL was reported also a second time by the subjects who were diagnosed with aneurysm during screening and who returned for a monitoring follow up visit a few months later. We evaluated compliance with HRQoL data collection and performed multiple regression analyses in order to investigate the possible relationship between demographic and clinical data with HRQoL.

Results : 1,633 subjects screened (6.1% diagnosed with aneurysm) and 125 subjects diagnosed with aneurysm and attending a follow-up visit reported their HRQoL. Completion of the EQ-5D questionnaire was well accepted by both physicians and subjects undergoing screening. HRQoL was not significantly different between the screening and follow - up visits, on adjusting for age and sex. At the screening visit, HRQoL was associated with ASA class, heart condition, BMI and respiratory diseases. No associations were found at the follow-up visit.

Conclusion : Assessing HRQoL in screening programs is feasible and well accepted and add useful information on health of large numbers of subjects from general population. This could be considered as a routine approach to optimizing the informative role of screening programs in guiding other investigations or interventions.     

Gastric necrosis following a hiatal hernia: A case report

IntroductionGastric volvulus are rare. Complications can be life threatening, including necrosis and perforation. Assessment of mucosal viability is essential, and urgent surgical intervention is mandatory in case of vascular compromise.Presentation of caseAn 72-year-old female known for a paraesophageal hiatal hernia was admitted at our emergency department with acute abdominal pain. Blood count demonstrated leukocytosis and increased C-reactive protein. Abdominal computed tomography showed a mesenteroaxial gastric volvulus. Urgent upper endoscopy revealed mucosal ischemia, which prompted immediate laparotomy with partial gastrectomy, cruroplasty, and Dor fundoplication. Postoperative course was uneventful.DiscussionGastric volvulus is initially treated with nasogastric tube decompression, but definitive treatment is achieved surgically. When there is an associated hernia, closing the anatomical defect and fundoplication should be performed. Complication such as necrosis is associated with a high mortality, and requires urgent surgical repair.ConclusionGastric volvulus can be life-threatening. Urgent endoscopic or surgical assessment should be conducted to assess mucosal viability.     

腹壁切口疝开放式腹腔内修补术与腹膜前修补术的对比研究

目的 比较腹壁切口疝开放式腹腔内修补术与腹膜前修补术的临床疗效。方法 回顾分析我院2004年1月至2011年12月腹壁切口疝采用开放式腹腔内修补术与腹膜前修补术治疗的56例患者的临床资料。按手术方式分为腹腔内修补组(32例)和腹膜前修补组(24例)，对两组手术的时间、出血量、术后并发症、术后疼痛、住院时间、住院费用等进行对比分析。结果 手术时间、出血量、切口积液发生率腹腔内修补组较少；住院时间两组无明显差异；腹腔内修补组术后疼痛程度及持续时间和住院费用均大于腹膜前修补组；两组均无肠漏、再手术取出补片等情况出现。术后随访12-96个月，平均42个月，两组均无复发病例。结论 开放式腹腔内修补术与腹膜前修补术治疗腹壁切口疝的最终治疗效果相同，但在手术时间及出血量、术后疼痛、切口积液和住院费用方面存在差异。     

高频超声和多普勒超声在腹外疝诊断中的应用价值

目的探讨高频超声和多普勒超声在腹外疝诊断中的应用价值。 方法选取2018年9月至2019年9月琼海市人民医院超声科收治疑似腹外疝患者144例。根据患者使用的超声检查设备不同，将患者分为高频超声和多普勒超声组。以手术病理诊断为金标准，与超声诊断结果进行对比，评估高频超声与多普勒超声单项检测与联合检测的阳性检出率、准确率、灵敏度及特异度。 结果高频超声与多普勒超声联合检测的漏诊率低于高频超声与多普勒超声单项检测，高频超声与多普勒超声联合检测的误诊率低于高频超声与多普勒超声单项检测，高频超声与多普勒超声联合检测的准确诊断率为高于高频超声与多普勒超声单项检测，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。高频超声与多普勒超声联合检测的灵敏度与特异度分别为98.92%、98.04%，高频超声与多普勒超声单项检测的灵敏度与特异度分别为87.10%、90.20%与82.80%、84.31%，高频超声与多普勒超声联合检测的漏诊率与误诊率均为0.01%。 结论高频超声与多普勒超声对腹外疝有较高的诊断率，两者联合诊断的诊断率、灵敏度与特异度显著高于单项诊断，对腹外疝分类提高准确诊断信息，可为腹外疝临床方案制定及干预治疗提供依据。     

标准大骨瓣开颅减压术治疗重型颅脑损伤伴脑疝术后护理方法的效果评价

目的探讨标准大骨瓣开颅减压术治疗重型颅脑损伤伴脑疝患者术后护理方法。方法将本院96例重型颅脑损伤伴脑疝患者随机分成2组,2组患者均运用标准大骨瓣开颅减压术干预治疗,其中给予常规组(48例)患者实施临床常规护理,术后护理组(48例)患者则运用术后综合护理措施干预,观察2种护理方法,并对比2组患者取得的护理满意度和并发症发生率情况。结果术后护理组取得的满意度结果,并发症发生率均明显低于常规组,2组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论给予重型颅脑损伤伴脑疝患者实施术后综合护理,可显著提高患者的临床护理满意度,同时改善并发症发生率情况,临床疗效显著,是临床护理重型颅脑损伤伴脑疝患者的理想方法。     

小切口手术治疗小儿疝气的疗效观察

目的 观察小儿疝气应用小切口手术治疗的临床疗效。 方法 选取某医院2015年7月——2016年7月收治的38例采取传统手术治疗疝气的患儿为对照组,选取2016年8月至2017年8月收治的38例采取小切口手术治疗疝气的患儿为研究组,对手术相关指标、并发症发生率及患者护理前后生活质量评分等观察指标进行对比分析。 结果 研究组患儿术中出血量(3.2±0.7)mL,少于对照组的(8.1±1.3)mL;研究组切口(1.1±0.2)cm,小于对照组(2.7±0.5)cm;研究组平均住院时间(2.1±0.8)d,短于对照组的(3.6±0.2)d,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组患儿治疗总有效率97.37%,高于对照组的84.21%;研究组患儿并发症发生率5.26%,低于对照组的21.05%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。生活质量评分比较,研究组、对照组患儿护理前比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);研究组患儿护理后评分比对照组高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。 结论 小儿疝气临床采取小切口手术治疗,切口小,出血量少,并发症低,平均住院时间短,利于患儿生活质量的提高,具有临床应用价值。     

Robot-assisted laparoscopic repair of perineal hernia after abdominoperineal resection: A case report and review of the literature

IntroductionPerineal hernia is a protrusion of the pelvic floor containing intra-abdominal viscera. The occurrence of postoperative perineal hernia after abdominoperineal resection (APR) is rare, but reports have indicated a recent increase in occurrence following surgical treatment for rectal cancer. This has been attributed to a shift towards extralevator abdominoperineal resection, together with more frequent and long-term use of neoadjuvant therapy.Presentation of caseHere, we report the case of a patient who underwent APR for cancer. Twenty months postoperative, a perineal hernia was detected. The patient was electively scheduled for surgery. Robot-assisted laparoscopy was performed using the da Vinci Surgical System. The perineal hernia was repaired by primary closure with the placement of Symbotex Composite mesh as reinforcement for the pelvic floor. The surgery was performed without any adverse events, and the patient was discharged the day after surgery. Clinical follow-up proceeded at the designated time intervals without difficulties.DiscussionRecurrence rates of perineal hernia remain high, and surgeons face numerous challenges related to poor view, suturing and mesh placement in the deep pelvis. Numerous approaches have been described, but there is still no consensus as to the optimal repair technique for perineal hernia.ConclusionSymptomatic perineal hernias can feasibly be repaired with robot-assisted laparoscopy. Furthermore, suturing and mesh placement require less effort with the robot approach when compared to the open and laparoscopic approaches. These promising findings are demonstrated in the included video.