A new operational approach for the piriform sinus fistula

It has been well documented that piriform sinus fistulae often cause suppurative thyroditis; however, when a piriform sinus fistula does not present this symptom, making a correct diagnosis is very difficult. We have experienced 11 cases of a piriform sinus fistula. The conventional operational approach was performed in the initial eight patients, among which there were four recurrences in two patients. Therefore, a new operational approach was introduced for the three most recent cases and one recurrent case. First, the existence of the internal orifice of the fistula is confirmed with a laryngoscope, after which a transverse incision on the neck is made and the abscess dissected. The side wall of the piriform sinus is then opened with the help of a laryngoscope and the bottom part of the mucosa of the sinus transected with the internal orifice of the fistula, after which the fistula is removed en bloc with the bottom part of the sinus and abscess cavity. Using this operation, we experienced no complications and there has been no recurrence so far.This paper was presented at the 23rd Annual Meeting of Pacific Association of Pediatric Surgeons, June 1990 in Kona, Hawaii.     

AN UNUSUAL CAUSE OF RECTOVAGINAL FISTULA

An unusual case of rectovaginal fistula is reported. An 81 year old woman presented to the geriatric team with a request to review her faecal incontinence. It was discovered that she had a predilection for placing foreign objects in her vagina. In this instance a carbonated drink top had formed a rectovaginal fistula.     

Vesicocutaneous fistula: An unusual complication of inguinoscrotal hernia

Involvement of the urinary bladder in an inguinal hernia is common, but massive bladder hernia is rare. Most urinary bladder herniations are discovered and repaired during surgery. We report a case of large incarcerated inguino-scrotal hernia, which was reduced only to present as a scrotal abscess and vesicocutaneous fistula; an unusual complication. The patient was managed conservatively due to underlying comorbidities.     

Off-pump resection of a coronary arterial fistula using the Harmonic Scalpel

Off-pump surgery was performed in a patient with post-infarction angina complicated with aneurysmal coronary-pulmonary arterial fistula. Epicardial echocardiography localized the artery feeding the fistula in the myocardium, which had not been revealed by visual inspection, palpation, or transesophageal echocardiography. The patient underwent off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting concomitant with aneurysmectomy. The feeding arteries were dissected easily using a Harmonic Scalpel and ligated. The flow in the aneurysm disappeared immediately and aneurysmectomy was performed without bleeding.     

带膜金属支架治疗食管癌术后胸内吻合口瘘的临床研究

目的探讨镍钛记忆合金带膜内支架在治疗食管癌术后胸内吻合口瘘中的应用价值。方法在X线电视透视下对22例食管癌术后胸内吻合口瘘患者进行镍钛记忆合金带膜内支架植入治疗。结果19例一次植入成功，成功率86％，恢复正常饮食；不完全封堵瘘口3例（14％）；16例术后出现轻度的胸骨后疼痛不适或胃液反流的症状；1例出现上消化道大出血。22例病人均治愈出院，治愈率100％。结论镍钛记忆合金带膜内支架植入治疗食管癌术后胸内吻合口瘘成功率高，治愈率高，操作简单，安全，见效快，并发症少，有效解除患者痛苦，宜在临床上推广使用。     

Treatment of iatrogenic biliary obstruction by balloon dilatation of a biliary jejunal fistula

Biliary obstruction and multiple hepatic abscesses occurred in a patient after ligation of a segmental branch of the right hepatic duct. The patient was successfully managed by transhepatic biliary drainage and balloon dilatation of an internal fistula that developed between the ligated duct and a Roux limb of jejunum. Internal biliary fistulas may be dilated using interventioanl radiologic techniques to permit nonobstructed bile flow. Implications for the nonsurgical treatment' of biliary strictures are discussed.     

Closure of a large bronchial fistula with a latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap

We describe a case of a large bronchial fistula and empyema after right upper lobectomy that was treated successfully with open window thoracostomy followed by a latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap and limited thoracoplasty. A latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap can provide immediate airtight closure of a large bronchial fistula, allowing lavage and curettage of the empyema cavity to reduce the chance of postoperative infection. An important aspect of this technique is that the deepithelialized skin side rather than muscle is sutured to an opening of the bronchus. As compared with other techniques, a latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap is superior in that it requires a single incision and does not require an intraop-erative change of position. In addition, the technique causes little dysfunction of the chest and shoulder and preserves the vascular supply to ensure the viability of the flap even if it was divided in a previous operation.     

Long-term results of surgically treated traumatic rectourethral fistulas

OBJECTIVE: Rectourethral fistulas are uncommon, usually iatrogenic injuries that are demanding to treat. We present the challenging problems involving the treatment of rectourethral fistulas caused by war wounds. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the period 1991-1996, during the war in Croatia and Bosnia, six patients with rectourethral fistulas caused by war injuries were operated in our institution by the same surgeon. All patients were young males with a mean age of 24.6 years. In all patients, double diversion (diversion colostomy and cystostomy) was performed at the time of the injury in military hospitals. In three patients, multiple unsuccessful operations were performed in other institutions to close rectourethral fistula. We found urethrocystography and proctoscopy as the most reliable diagnostic studies and performed them in all patients. In first three patients, we performed transanal repair with anterior rectal wall advancement flap. Because it failed in all three patients, we performed York-Mason trans-sphincteric approach and anterior rectal wall advancement flap after which rectourethral fistula closed in all patients. Because of the satisfactory results, we performed the same procedure in other three patients. RESULTS: In all patients rectourethral fistula healed 2 months after the operation. Closure of diverting colostomy was performed after urethrocystography and proctoscopy proved that the rectourethral fistula has healed. There were no operative deaths and no major complications. Urethral stenosis developed in one patient and was successfully managed by dilatation. CONCLUSION: We believe that York-Mason trans-sphincteric approach offers straightforward access through healthy tissues and good fistula visualization. Anterior rectal wall advancement flap can easily be performed and offer good chances for definitive closure of the rectourethral fistula.     

血管内栓塞外伤性颈动脉海绵窦瘘126例随访结果

目的探讨血管内栓塞治疗外伤性颈动脉海绵窦瘘（TCCF）的近期及远期效果。方法139例TCCF患者行血管内栓塞术后3个月开始通过再次入院、邮寄调查表或电话随访．其中再次入院完成及收回调查表共64例，电话随访62例，获随访126例（90．6％）。结果126例中26例术后行MRA检查，20例行颅脑CT检查，均未见异常；10例术后半年行DSA复查，未见复发。11例复发，经再次栓塞后治愈。结论血管内栓塞治疗TCCF，术后复发率不高，临床随访即可。     

不同营养支持方式对肠外瘘患者人体组成改善作用之比较

目的观察不同营养支持方式对肠外瘘患者人体组成的改善作用。方法30例肠外瘘患者分成两组各15例,分别给予全肠外营养支持(TPN)或全肠内营养支持(TEN),观察10d前后患者人体组成及血清胰岛素样生长因子-1(IGF-1)的变化。结果10d后所有患者的体重指数(BMI)与体细胞群(BCM)显著改善,而TEN组患者10d前后BCM增加幅度更明显,分别为(27.5±0.8)kg和(29.0±0.6)kg,Day10与Day0相比,P<0.01。两组患者总体水(TBW)与细胞内水(ICW)均增加,尤其ICW,Day10与Day0相比,TEN组P<0.01;TPN组P<0.05。血清IGF-1在两组患者治疗后均有显著上升,TEN组增加幅度更明显,Day0为(175.0±32.9)ng/ml,Day10为(255.5±34.1)ng/ml,与Day0比较,P<0.01;与TPN组比较,P<0.05。IGF-1的变化与BCM的改善显著正相关(r2=0.16,P<0.05)。结论营养支持治疗能显著改善肠外瘘患者的体细胞群,纠正细胞内、外水的异常分布,而EN作用更明显。