Long-term outcome of endovascular therapy for acute basilar artery occlusion

The long-term functional outcome of acute basilar artery occlusion (BAO) patients who received modern endovascular therapy (EVT) is unclear. We sought to assess the long-term functional outcome of BAO patients treated with EVT and determine the prognostic factors associated with favorable outcome. We enrolled consecutive BAO patients who received EVT between December 2012 and December 2018 in this observational study. Baseline characteristics and outcomes were presented. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the prognostic factors associated with long-term outcome. Among the 177 BAO patients included in this study, 80 patients (45.2%) obtained favorable outcome and 97 patients (54.8%) had unfavorable outcome at long-term follow-up with a median observation time of 12 months (interquartile range, 3–19). A total of 67 patients (37.9%) died. National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), posterior circulation Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Score (pc-ASPECTS), time from stroke onset to recanalization, and recanalization condition were identified as independent predictors for long-term outcome. Over 40% of BAO patients who were treated with modern EVT achieved favorable outcome at long-term follow-up. NIHSS, pc-ASPECTS, time from stroke onset to recanalization, and recanalization condition were identified as independent prognostic factors of long-term outcome.     

Intracranial and extracranial multiple arterial dissecting aneurysms in rheumatoid arthritis: A case report

ObjectiveWe describe a case of intracranial and extracranial multiple arterial dissecting aneurysms in rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Case PresentationA 29-year-old man with a medical history of RA since 18 years of age was admitted to our hospital for vomiting, dysarthria, and conscious disturbance. At 23, he underwent ligation of the left internal carotid artery (ICA) with superficial temporal artery to middle cerebral artery anastomosis because of acute infarct of the left hemisphere caused by arterial dissection of the left ICA. During the current admission, computed tomography (CT) revealed subarachnoid hemorrhage, and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) demonstrated dissecting aneurysms of the left intracranial vertebral artery (VA) and right extracranial VA. We diagnosed him with a ruptured dissecting aneurysm of the left intracranial VA and performed endovascular parent artery occlusion on the left VA. For the right unruptured VA aneurysm, we performed coil embolization simultaneously. At 2 weeks after the endovascular treatment, follow-up DSA revealed that multiple de novo dissecting aneurysms developed on the origin of the left VA and left and right internal thoracic arteries. Those aneurysms were treated with coil embolization. Other remaining aneurysms on the left thyrocervical trunk, right transverse cervical artery, and both common iliac arteries were treated by conservative therapy. While continuing medical treatment for RA, the patient recovered and was discharged to a rehabilitation hospital.ConclusionConsidering that RA-induced vasculitis can be a potential risk of vascular complications including multiple arterial dissections, physicians should carefully perform endovascular interventional procedures for patients with long-term RA.     

Endovascular treatment of type 1 and type 4 non-saccular aneurysms of cerebral arteries – a single-Centre experience

Aim of the studyThe aim of this study was to evaluate our results regarding treatment options, complications, and outcomes in patients with non-saccular aneurysms of cerebral arteries belonging to type 1 and type 4 according to Mizutani’s classification.MethodsA total of 26 aneurysms in 26 patients were treated between 2014 and 2019. There were 13 males (mean age 42.77 ± 11.73 years) and 13 females (mean age 50.84 ± 9.37 years). In 23 cases the onset was haemorrhagic and in three cases non-haemorrhagic. A combination of conventional stents and coils was used in 10 cases, conventional stents and flow diverters in three cases, flow diverters and coils in five cases, and flow diverters only were used in eight cases. Radiological results of treatment were assessed after eight months and clinical after one year.ResultsIn 24 patients, aneurysms were occluded at the end of the follow-up period. An iatrogenic dissection and two haemorrhagic complications were registered. In three cases, parent arteries were occluded due to re-growth of the aneurysm, which caused middle cerebral artery infarction in one case. A favourable clinical outcome was registered in 19, patients, and non-favourable in five. Two patients died in the early postoperative period due to extensive damage to the brain parenchyma caused by initial bleeding.ConclusionOur results indicate that treatment of type 1 and type 4 non-saccular aneurysms with various combination of stents and flow diverters, with or without coils, is promising, although very challenging and technically demanding.     

烟囱技术治疗近肾腹主动脉瘤的Meta分析

目的 系统评价应用“烟囱”技术治疗近肾腹主动脉瘤的安全性及有效性.方法 收集2003年-2014年已发表的关于应用烟囱技术腔内修复近肾腹主动脉瘤,同时保留内脏分支动脉的文献,回顾性分析技术成功率、血管通畅率、内漏发生率、并发症及病死率等近中期临床结果.结果 共纳入12篇文献的277例近肾腹主动脉瘤患者,技术成功率为93％,早期Ⅰ型内漏率为6％,脑卒中和心肌梗死的发生率均为3.90％;平均随访时间为13.6个月,血管通畅率为98％,共35例患者出现随访期内漏(Ⅰ型内漏10例,Ⅱ型内漏25例,无Ⅲ型内漏),随访期Ⅰ型内漏率为2％,肾功能损害发生率为12％,30 d病死率和随访期病死率分别为2.89％和8.38％.结论 应用烟囱技术治疗近肾腹主动脉瘤技术成功率较高,并发症率及病死率较低.     

Endovascular Therapy for Ischemic Stroke

The utility of intravenous tissue plasminogen activator (IV t-PA) in improving the clinical outcomes after acute ischemic stroke has been well demonstrated in past clinical trials. Though multiple initial small series of endovascular stroke therapy had shown good outcomes as compared to IV t-PA, a similar beneficial effect had not been translated in multiple randomized clinical trials of endovascular stroke therapy. Over the same time, there have been parallel advances in imaging technology and better understanding and utility of the imaging in therapy of acute stroke. In this review, we will discuss the evolution of endovascular stroke therapy followed by a discussion of the key factors that have to be considered during endovascular stroke therapy and directions for future endovascular stroke trials.     

Insights From a Multidisciplinary Introduction of the MANTA Vascular Closure Device

ObjectivesThe aim of this paper is to report insights from the first 100 consecutive cardiovascular procedures with MANTA closure.BackgroundThe collagen-based MANTA vascular closure device (Teleflex, Wayne, Pennsylvania) has recently been approved for the closure of large-bore femoral access.MethodsProcedural and access site–related complications were analyzed according to Valve Academic Research Consortium–2 criteria. Duration of bleeding after device closure was recorded.ResultsPatients underwent transcatheter aortic valve replacement (n = 75), endovascular aortic replacement (n = 21), or Impella left ventricular support (n = 4). In these 100 patients, a total of 122 MANTA devices were used (22 patients had bilateral large-bore access). None of the patients received protamine. Immediate hemostasis was achieved in 70 patients and hemostasis within 5 min in 87 patients. There were 7 patients with major and 4 patients with minor MANTA-associated vascular complications: femoral artery occlusion in 2, ongoing bleeding in 5, and pseudoaneurysm formation in 4 patients. One patient was treated with covered stent implantation, 7 required surgical revision, and 4 received thrombin injection. Complications occurred significantly more often in patients with peripheral artery disease and a minimal artery diameter <6 mm. Careful review of these complications suggests 3 distinct failure mechanisms. In vessels with narrow femoral artery diameters, elevation of the toggle may lead to occlusion of the artery, incomplete apposition of the plug may lead to perivascular (potentially retroperitoneal) bleeding, or pseudoaneurysm formation may occur.ConclusionsIn this paper, MANTA-associated complications are addressed, 3 distinct failure mechanisms are suggested, and strategies to avoid these complications and improve procedural outcomes are discussed.     

腔内修复术治疗破裂性腹主动脉瘤的疗效及技巧探讨

目的观察腔内修复术(EVAR)治疗破裂性腹主动脉瘤(RAAA)的疗效,并探讨手术经验与技巧。方法 2009年1月—2013年12月收治的RAAA患者12例,均于全身麻醉后行EVAR,经一侧股动脉穿刺置管造影,沿肾动脉下方通过输送器植入支架。结果 12例患者中,8例(66.67%)植入分叉型人工血管内支架,4例(33.33%)植入直型支架;平均手术时间(170.35±15.34)min,平均出血量和输血量分别为(92.55±8.67)m L和(301.58±16.39)m L。术中无死亡病例,术后2例(16.67%)死亡;主要并发症为心律失常、肺部感染、肾功能损害等,并发症总发生率58.33%;1例(10.00%)患者于术后26个月出现Ⅰa型内漏,再次行栓塞治疗。结论 EVAR是RAAA的有效救治方式,术前血管造影检查对保证手术效果至关重要。     

Endovascular Approach to Acute Hemorrhage in Locally Advanced Breast Cancer

We report a case of a woman with recurrent axillary fungating breast cancer who developed catastrophic hemorrhage from tumor erosion of her axillary artery. This was treated successfully with endovascular placement of a covered arterial stent. We discuss the suitability of endovascular therapy for patients with advanced malignancy given its lower morbidity in this population with decreased life expectancy.     

血管内治疗大脑中动脉动脉瘤的研究进展

大脑中动脉(MCA)动脉瘤的最佳治疗方式仍存在争议。开颅手术夹闭一直是治疗MCA动脉瘤的首选方法,但随着血管内介入技术的进步和器具的改进,血管内治疗MCA动脉瘤的安全性和疗效也有进一步改善,并逐渐成为一种重要治疗方法。本文对MCA动脉瘤血管内治疗新技术及其安全性与疗效进行文献综述,以期为MCA动脉瘤治疗方式选择提供更多证据。